Energy Consumption Trends Before and During the Covid-19 Pandemic: An Entropy-Based PROMETHEE Analysis

Abstract

Renewable energy sources have a crucial role in decreasing reliance on fossil fuels. In the literature, there is a need for new studies on the evaluation of energy use preferences and policies of countries before and during the Covid-19 pandemic. In order to fill this gap, the study aimed to compare and evaluate 36 countries through Entropy-based PROMETHEE methods using TheGlobalEconomy.com indicators. As a result of Entropy, while the criterion with the highest importance is the gasoline consumption criterion with a value of 14.12%, the criterion that follows these criteria in order are the fossil fuels electricity generation (12.25%); coal consumption (11.8%); coal imports (10.52%); renewable power generation (10.29%). According to the PROMETHEE results, Sweden ranked first and is a good performer in almost all the indicators. In addition, the first 10 countries in the ranking are the European Union countries. The novelty of the study is that it provides an important review of the current literature on energy and that 36 countries with significant economic power from almost all continents are evaluated in terms of energy consumption and preferences at both pre-pandemic and pandemic conditions.

Keywords

• Renewable Energy
• Environmental Management
• Entropy
• PROMETHEE
• Covid-19.

Covid-19 Pandemisi Öncesi ve Sırasındaki Enerji Tüketim Trendleri: Entropi Tabanlı PROMETHEE Analizi

Abstract

Yenilenebilir enerji kaynakları, fosil yakıtlara olan bağımlılığın azaltılmasında önemli bir role sahiptir. Literatürde Covid-19 pandemisi öncesi ve sırasında ülkelerin enerji kullanım tercihleri ve politikalarının değerlendirilmesine yönelik yeni çalışmalara ihtiyaç duyulmaktadır. Bu boşluğu doldurmak için çalışma, TheGlobalEconomy.com göstergelerini kullanarak Entropi tabanlı PROMETHEE yöntemleriyle 36 ülkeyi karşılaştırmayı ve değerlendirmeyi amaçlamıştır. Entropi sonucunda en yüksek öneme sahip kriter %14,12 değeri ile benzin tüketim kriteri iken, bu kriterleri sırasıyla takip eden kriter fosil yakıtlardan elektrik üretimi (%12,25); kömür tüketimi (%11,8); kömür ithalatı (%10.52); yenilenebilir enerji üretimi (%10,29). PROMETHEE sonuçlarına göre İsveç ilk sırada yer almaktadır ve hemen hemen tüm göstergelerde iyi bir performans sergilmektedir. Ayrıca, sıralamada ilk 10 ülke Avrupa Birliği ülkelerinden oluşmaktadır. Çalışmanın literatüre sunduğu yenilik, güncel enerji literatürüne önemli bir inceleme sunması ve hemen hemen tüm kıtalardan önemli ekonomik güce sahip 36 ülkenin hem pandemi öncesi hem de pandemi koşullarında enerji tüketimi ve tercihleri açısından değerlendirilmesidir.

Keywords

• Yenilenebilir Enerji
• Çevre Yönetimi
• Entropi
• PROMETHEE
• Covid-19

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