Çin'in Yumuşak ve Normatif Güç Kavramları Çerçevesinde Güç Dengeleme Tutkusu

Abstract

Uluslararası İlişkiler ve Siyaset Bilimi alanlarında araştırma konusu olmuş farklı güç dengeleme stratejileri mevcuttur. Batılı güçler genellikle sert güç veya sert dengeleme stratejilerini kullanma eğilimi gösterme gayretindeyken, Çin genellikle yumuşak ve normatif güç kullanma yoluyla, kendisini güç dengeleme stratejisi bağlamında farklılaştırmaya çalışmaktadır. Çin Halk Cumhuriyeti, kuruluşundan bu yana, dış ilişkilerinde barışçıl bir dış politika izlemeye çalışmıştır. Çin, küresel politikada artan siyasi ve ekonomik nüfuzuna ve Tayvan, Hong Kong ve diğer komşu ülkelerle olan gergin ilişkilerine paralel olarak, son zamanlarda daha proaktif bir dış politika benimseme gayreti içerisinde olsa da geleneksel ve barışçıl dış politikasından uzaklaşmamıştır. Buna göre Çin, başka ülkelerin iç işlerine karışmamak anlamına gelen müdahale etmeme politikasını sürdürmek, Kuşak ve Yol Girişimi aracılığıyla Çin Rüyasını gerçekleştirmek, uluslararası alanda normatif ve yumuşak güç etkisini artırmak için Konfüçyüs Enstitüleri kurmak gibi farklı hedefler üzerinde yoğunlaşmış durumdadır. Bu çalışma, Çin'in uluslararası alandaki mevcut yükselen güç konumu çerçevesinde, Çin'in güç dengeleme stratejisini yine Çin’in yumuşak ve normatif güç stratejileri bağlamında analiz etmeyi amaçlamaktadır.

Keywords

• Güç Dengeleme
• Yumuşak Güç
• Normatif Güç
• Uluslararası İlişkiler Teorileri
• Çin

China's Ambition to Balance Power within the Framework of Soft and Normative Power Concepts

Abstract

There are various power-balancing strategies have been examined in the field of International Relations and Political Science scholarship. While Western powers generally tend to use hard power or hard balancing strategies, China distinguishes itself from them by often seeking power balancing through soft and normative power. Since the founding of the People's Republic of China, the country has pursued a peaceful policy in its international affairs. Although China has recently adopted a more proactive foreign policy in parallel with its increasing political and economic influence in global politics and its tense relations with Taiwan, Hong Kong, and neighbouring countries, it has not moved away from its traditional peaceful foreign policy. Accordingly, China has focused on goals such as maintaining its Non-interference policies, realizing the Chinese Dream through the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI), and establishing Confucius Institutes to increase its normative and soft power influence in the international arena. This study aims to analyse China's power balancing strategies through soft and normative power strategies, in the context of China's current rising power position in the international arena.

Keywords

• Power Balancing
• Soft Power
• Normative Power
• Theories of International Relations
• China

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