Gendered Tears: The Relationship of Gender Roles and Perceptions to Crying

Abstract

This research is a quantitative study that aims to examine how gender roles and beliefs affect crying behaviour in adult individuals living in an environment where gender norms are pronounced, such as Turkey. Conducted using a descriptive survey model, the study analysed data collected through an online questionnaire. The study revealed that gender roles significantly shape crying behaviour. It was determined that crying is not only a biological response but also a behaviour culturally and socially associated with gender. The findings show that women's crying behaviour is considered more socially acceptable and tolerated, while men experience more negative social interactions when they cry. Men's crying is generally perceived as a sign of weakness, which leads to the suppression of their emotional expressions due to social pressures. Although women have more freedom to express their emotions, this sometimes leads to negative labelling. In social contexts, both genders are reluctant to cry in public, but this reluctance is more pronounced among men in the workplace and among women in social spaces. Although participants accepted crying as a universal and natural human response, they were seen to perpetuate and reproduce traditional gender stereotypes. The restrictive effect of gender norms on emotional expression can lead to socio-psychological pressure in men and, in women, to a perception of manipulation, despite this being a relatively more socially acceptable situation. The research indicates that greater awareness is needed in society regarding gender equality and freedom of emotional expression. To this end, the study presents various important recommendations, such as transforming representations in the media and introducing emotional literacy programmes in education.

Keywords

• Gender
• Crying
• Gendered Behavior
• Gender Roles
• Gender Perceptions

Cinsiyetlendirilmiş Gözyaşları: Toplumsal Cinsiyet Rolleri ve Algılarının Ağlama ile İlişkisi

Abstract

Bu araştırma, Türkiye gibi toplumsal cinsiyet normlarının belirgin olduğu bir ortamda yaşayan yetişkin bireylerde, toplumsal cinsiyet rolleri ve inançlarının ağlama davranışını nasıl etkilediğini incelemeyi amaçlayan nicel bir çalışmadır. Betimsel tarama modeliyle yürütülen araştırmada, çevrimiçi anket aracılığıyla toplanan veriler analiz edilmiştir. Çalışma, toplumsal cinsiyet rollerinin ağlama davranışını belirgin bir biçimde şekillendirdiğini ortaya koymuştur. Ağlamanın yalnızca biyolojik bir tepki değil, aynı zamanda kültürel ve toplumsal bağlamda cinsiyetle ilişkilendirilmiş bir davranış olduğu belirlenmiştir. Bulgular, kadınların ağlama davranışının toplumsal olarak daha hoşgörülü ve kabul edilebilir bulunduğunu, erkeklerin ise ağlama eylemiyle daha fazla olumsuz sosyal etkileşim yaşadığını göstermektedir. Erkeklerin ağlaması genellikle zayıflık olarak algılanmakta, bu da toplumsal baskılarla duygusal ifadelerinin bastırılmasına yol açmaktadır. Kadınların ise daha fazla duygusal ifade özgürlüğüne sahip olmalarına rağmen, bu durum bazen olumsuz etiketlemelere neden olmaktadır. Sosyal bağlamlarda her iki cinsiyet de kamusal alanda ağlamaktan çekinirken, bu çekince erkeklerde iş yerinde, kadınlarda toplumsal mekânlarda daha belirgindir. Katılımcılar her ne kadar ağlamayı evrensel ve doğal bir insan tepkisi olarak kabul etseler de geleneksel cinsiyet kalıplarını sürdürdükleri ve yeniden ürettikleri görülmektedir. Toplumsal cinsiyet normlarının duygusal ifadeyi sınırlandırıcı etkisi erkeklerde sosyo-psikolojik baskıya, kadınlarda ise toplum tarafından görece daha kabul gören bir durum olmasına rağmen manipülasyon algısına neden olabilmektedir. Araştırma, toplumsal cinsiyet eşitliği ve duygusal ifade özgürlüğü konusunda toplumda daha fazla farkındalık yaratılması gerektiğine işaret etmektedir. Bunun için çalışmada, özellikle medyada temsillerinin dönüştürülmesi ve eğitimde duygusal okuryazarlık programlarının devreye sokulması gibi önem arz eden çeşitli öneriler sunulmaktadır.

Keywords

• Toplumsal Cinsiyet
• Ağlama
• Cinsiyetlendirilmiş Davranış
• Toplumsal Cinsiyet Rolleri
• Toplumsal Cinsiyet Algıları

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