Reflections of Breastfeeding on Women's Health

Abstract

According to national and international data, despite the increase in breastfeeding rates, it is noteworthy that the rate of switching to supplementary foods in the early period is higher. Only 25% of women in the United States breastfeed only for the first 6 months. While the rate of exclusive breastfeeding for the first 6 months is 41% in our country, the rate of breastfeeding for one year is 66%, and the rate of breastfeeding for two years is 34%. The World Health Organization and the United Nations International Children’s Emergency Fund plan to increase the rate of breastfeeding by at least 50% in the first six months. Because breastfeeding contributes to mother-infant bonding and benefits both the child and the mother's health. When the literature is examined, it has been determined that breastfeeding has numerous benefits for women's health in the short and long term. Breastfeeding reduces postpartum depression and maternal stress, facilitates the involution process, reduces the possibility of becoming pregnant, and contributes positively to the family and community economy. In addition, breastfeeding causes a decrease in the incidence of many diseases such as cardiovascular diseases, hypertension, anemia, obesity, diabetes mellitus, rheumatoid arthritis, osteoporosis, endometriosis, breast cancer, endometrial and ovarian cancer. This review was written to reflect the positive effects of breastfeeding on women's health in the light of national and international evidence-based data.

Keywords

• breastfeeding
• breast milk
• women's health

Emzirmenin Kadın Sağlığı Üzerine Yansımaları

Abstract

Ulusal ve uluslararası verilere göre emzirme oranlarının artmasına rağmen erken dönemde takviye besine geçilme oranının daha yüksek olduğu dikkat çekmektedir. Amerika Birleşik Devletleri’ ndeki kadınların yalnızca %25’ i sadece ilk 6 ay emzirmektedir. Ülkemizde ilk 6 ay sadece anne sütü ile besleme oranı %41 iken bir yıl devam eden emzirme oranı %66, iki yıl devam eden emzirme oranı % 34’ tür. Dünya Sağlık Örgütü [Word Health Organization, (WHO)] ve Birleşmiş Milletler Çocuklara Yardım Fonu [United Nations International Children's Emergency Fund, (UNICEF) ] ilk altı ayda tek başına emzirme oranını en az %50’ ye kadar artırmayı planlamaktadır. Çünkü emzirmek, anne-bebek bağlanmasına katkıda bulunmakla beraber hem çocuk hem anne sağlığına fayda sağlamaktadır. Literatür incelendiğinde emzirmenin kadın sağlığına kısa ve uzun vadede sayısız faydası olduğu belirlenmiştir. Emzirmek postpartum depresyonu ve maternal stresi azaltmakta, involüsyon sürecini kolaylaştırmakta, gebe kalma olasılığını azaltmakta, aile ve toplum ekonomisine olumlu katkı sağlamaktadır. Ayrıca emzirmek kardiyovasküler hastalıklar, hipertansiyon, anemi, obezite, diyabetes mellitus, romatoid artrit, osteoporoz, endometriozis, meme kanseri, endometrium ve over kanseri gibi pek çok hastalık insidansının azalmasına neden olmaktadır. Bu derleme, ulusal ve uluslararası kanıt temelli veriler ışığında emzirmenin kadının sağlığına vermiş olduğu olumlu etkileri yansıtmak amacıyla yazılmıştır.

Keywords

• emzirme
• anne sütü
• kadın sağlığı

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