Batum Deltası Sulak Alanlarının Zamansal Değişimi

Abstract

Sulak alanlar sağladıkları hizmetler nedeniyle çok değerli ekosistemlerdir, ancak bu alanlar antropojenik baskılar ve doğal değişimler/dönüşümler nedeniyle hızlı bir şekilde bozulmaktadırlar. Bu olumsuz değişimin önümüzdeki süreçte iklim değişikliği ve artan toprak ve su talebi nedeniyle daha da artacağı düşünülmektedir. Sulak alanlarda görülen değişimlerin belirlenmesi bu alanların yönetim planlamaları açısından oldukça önemlidir. NDWI (Normalized Difference Water Index), sulak alanların hidrolojik özelliklerinin belirlenmesinde yaygın olarak kullanılan bir yöntemdir. Bu çalışma, Batum Deltasında bulunan sulak alanların zamansal değişimini ve bu değişimin ortalama sıcaklık ve toplam yağış gibi temel iklim parametreleri ile olan ilişkilerini belirlemek amacıyla yürütülmüştür. Bu amaçla çalışma alanına ait 2016-2021 yılları arasındaki periyotta Nisan, Mayıs, Haziran, Temmuz, Ağustos ve Eylül aylarına ait ortalama sıcaklık ve toplam yağış miktarları ile yine bu zaman dilimlerine ait NDWI değerleri belirlenmiştir. NDWI değerlerinin belirlenmesinde Sentinel2 uydu görüntülerine ait yeşil ve NIR bantları kullanılmıştır. Uydu görüntülerinin işlenmesinde QGIS ve NDWI değerlerinin belirlenmesi ve haritalanmasında ise ArcGIS yazılımı kullanılmıştır. Çalışma sonucunda, NDWI değerlerinin aylara ve yıllara göre değişim gösterdiği ve bu değişim üzerinde sıcaklığın yağıştan daha etkili olduğu görülmüştür.

Keywords

• Coğrafi Bilgi Sistemleri
• Ekoloji
• Regresyon
• NDWI

Temporal Variability of the Batumi Delta Wetlands

Abstract

Wetlands are invaluable ecosystems as they provide important services, but these areas are rapidly degrading due to anthropogenic pressures and natural changes/transformations. It is thought that this negative change will increase in the upcoming period due to the climate change and the rising demand for soil and water. Determining the changes in wetlands is very important in terms of management planning of these areas. NDWI (Normalized Difference Water Index) is a widely used method for determining the hydrological characteristics of wetlands. This study was carried out to determine the temporal variability of wetlands in the Batumi Delta and the relationship of this change with basic climate parameters such as average temperature and total precipitation. For this purpose, the average temperature and total precipitation amount of the months of April, May, June, July, August, and September in the period between 2016-2021 of the study area and the NDWI values of these time periods were determined. Green and NIR bands of Sentinel2 satellite images were used to determine NDWI values. QGIS software was used to process satellite images, and ArcGIS software was used to determine and map NDWI values. As a result of the study, it was seen that NDWI values changed by months and years, and the temperature was more effective than precipitation on this change.

Keywords

• Geographic Information Systems
• Ecology
• Regression
• NDWI

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