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HABERLEŞME YETENEĞİ OLMADAN SÜRÜ GEZİNİMİ VE FORMASYON GEÇİŞLERİ YAPABİLEN ÇOKLU OTONOM ROBOT SİSTEMİ

Year 2021, Volume: 1 Issue: 2, 128 - 138, 30.06.2021

Abstract

Bu makalede, otonom hareket eden robotların haberleşme olmaksızın grup bağlantılılığını koruyarak ve oluşturdukları farklı formasyonlar arasında geçişler yaparak gezinimi ele alınmaktadır. Özdeş gruplardan oluşan robot sürülerinin dağılmadan hareket edebilmesi için uygulanan yöntemlerde genellikle robotlar arası haberleşmeden yararlanılmasına rağmen, bu çalışmada doğada rastlanan balık sürüleri, kuş sürüleri, vb. örneklerden esinlenilerek haberleşmesiz bir yöntem ortaya konulmuştur. Önerilen yöntemde robotlar kendi aralarında açık bir iletişime ihtiyaç duymadan basit yerel yönlendirme kuralları kullanarak yön bulmaktadırlar. Robot grubunun bağlantılılığının bozulmadan hareket edeceği garanti edilmekle birlikte, grubunun belirli koşullar altında herhangi bir açmaza düşmeden ilerleyebileceği de kanıtlanmıştır. Robotlar, üzerlerinde bulunan sınırlı mesafeli uzaklık ölçüm sensörleri ile yakın çevrelerindeki diğer robotları algılayabilmektedirler, ancak sürü kalabalık olduğunda robotların birbirlerinin görülmesini engellediği durumlar da hesaba katılmıştır. Ayrıca, sistemin gerçekçiliği bakımından, sensör ölçümlerinde açısal ve radyal ölçüm hataları kurgulanmıştır. Gezinim ortamında çeşitli engellerin bulunması, sürünün bunları aşmak için belli formasyonlar oluşturmasını gerektirmektedir. Bu nedenle, uygun maliyet fonksiyonları tasarlanarak formasyon oluşumları sağlanmakta ve bu maliyet fonksiyonları arasında geçiş yapılarak formasyonlar arasında geçişler mümkün kılınmaktadır. Önerilen yöntem çeşitli senaryolar altında bilgisayar benzetimleri ile sınanmış ve elde edilen sonuçlar paylaşılmıştır.

References

  • Ando, H., Oasa, Y., Suzuki, I., & Yamashita, M. (1999). Distributed memoryless point convergence algorithm for mobile robots with limited visibility. IEEE Transactions on Automatic Control, 15, 818–828.
  • Biggs, N. (1993). Algebraic Graph Theory. Cambridge, England: Cambridge University Press.
  • Cezayirli, A., & Kerestecioğlu, F. (2013a). Navigation of non-communicating autonomous mobile robots with guaranteed connectivity. Robotica, 31(5), 767-776. doi:10.1017/S0263574713000027
  • Cezayirli, A., & Kerestecioğlu, F. (2013b). A non-communicating multi-robot system with switchable formations. 9th Asian Control Conference (ASCC), Istanbul, Turkey
  • Cifuentes, S., Gion-Sierra, J. M., & Jimenez, J. (2012). Robot navigation based on discrimination of artificial fields: application to robot formations. Advanced Robotics, 26, 627–652.
  • Desai, J. P., Ostrowski, J. P., & Kumar, V. (2001). Modeling and control of formations of nonholonomic mobile robots. IEEE Transactions on Robotics and Automation, 17, 905–908.
  • De Gennaro, M. C., & Jadbabaie, A. (2006). Decentralized control of connectivity for multi-agent systems. 45th Conference on Decision and Control, St. Diego, CA, USA.
  • Gervasi, V., & Prencipe, G. (2004). Coordination without communication: the case of the flocking problem. Discrete Applied Mathematics, 144, 324–344.
  • Jadbabaie, A., Lin, J., & Morse, A. S. (2003). Coordination of groups of mobile autonomous agents using nearest neighbor rules. IEEE Transactions on Automatic Control, 48, 988–1001.
  • Kerestecioğlu, F., & Cezayirli, A. (2012). Connected navigation of non- communicating mobile agents. UKACC International Conference on Control, Cardiff, UK.
  • Krishnanand, K. N., & Ghose, D. (2005). Formations of minimalist mobile robots using local-templates and spatially distributed interactions. Robotics and Autonomous Systems, 53, 194–213.
  • Lin, Z., Broucke, M., & Francis, B. (2004). Local control strategies for groups of mobile autonomous agents. IEEE Transactions on Automatic Control, 49, 622–629.
  • Maeda, R., Endo, T., & Matsuno, F. (2017). Decentralized Navigation for Heterogeneous Swarm Robots With Limited Field of View. IEEE Robotics and Automation Letters, 2(2), 904–911.
  • Pereira, G. A. S., Kumar, V., & Campos, M. F. M. (2008). Closed loop motion planning of cooperating mobile robots using graph connectivity. Robotics and Autonomous Systems, 56, 373–384.
  • Yoshimoto, M., Endo, T., Maeda, R., & Matsuno, F. (2018). Decentralized navigation method for a robotic swarm with nonhomogeneous abilities. Autonomous Robots, 42(8), 1583–1599.
  • Zavlanos, M. M., & Pappas, G. J., (2007). Potential fields for maintaining connectivity of mobile networks. IEEE Transactions on Robotics, 23, 812–816.
  • Zavlanos, M. M., Egerstedt, M. B., & Pappas, G. J. (2011). Graph-theoretic connectivity control of mobile robot networks, Proceedings of the IEEE, 99, 1525–1540.

A SWARM NAVIGATION AND SWITCHABLE FORMATION SYSTEM WITHOUT COMMUNICATION FOR AUTONOMOUS MULTI-ROBOTS

Year 2021, Volume: 1 Issue: 2, 128 - 138, 30.06.2021

Abstract

This article discusses the navigation of autonomously moving robots without communication while maintaining group connectivity and switching between different formations. It is well known that usually explicit or implicit communication is incorporated for the movement of the robot swarms in order to keep the group connectivity, however, in this study, a methodology is described that does not need communication by any means, as inspired by school of fish, flocks of birds, etc., encountered in nature. In the proposed methodology, each robot finds its direction using simple local steering rules without need for communication with other robots or a central mechanism. While the connectivity of the robot group is guaranteed to be preserved, it has also been proven that under certain conditions, the group can keep moving without falling into deadlock. Robots can detect the other robots in their immediate neighborhoods by limited range distance sensor equipments, but when the group is crowded, the cases where the robots may occlude some other robots are also considered. Moreover, for the realizability of the proposed system, angular and radial measurement errors in the sensor measurements have been taken into account. Any existence of various obstacles in the navigation environment requires the swarm to switch to certain formations to be able to pass through. For this reason, formations in special shapes are provided by designing appropriate cost functions and transitions between the formations are made possible by switching between these cost functions. The proposed methodology has been tested with computer simulations under various scenarios and the results are demonstrated.

References

  • Ando, H., Oasa, Y., Suzuki, I., & Yamashita, M. (1999). Distributed memoryless point convergence algorithm for mobile robots with limited visibility. IEEE Transactions on Automatic Control, 15, 818–828.
  • Biggs, N. (1993). Algebraic Graph Theory. Cambridge, England: Cambridge University Press.
  • Cezayirli, A., & Kerestecioğlu, F. (2013a). Navigation of non-communicating autonomous mobile robots with guaranteed connectivity. Robotica, 31(5), 767-776. doi:10.1017/S0263574713000027
  • Cezayirli, A., & Kerestecioğlu, F. (2013b). A non-communicating multi-robot system with switchable formations. 9th Asian Control Conference (ASCC), Istanbul, Turkey
  • Cifuentes, S., Gion-Sierra, J. M., & Jimenez, J. (2012). Robot navigation based on discrimination of artificial fields: application to robot formations. Advanced Robotics, 26, 627–652.
  • Desai, J. P., Ostrowski, J. P., & Kumar, V. (2001). Modeling and control of formations of nonholonomic mobile robots. IEEE Transactions on Robotics and Automation, 17, 905–908.
  • De Gennaro, M. C., & Jadbabaie, A. (2006). Decentralized control of connectivity for multi-agent systems. 45th Conference on Decision and Control, St. Diego, CA, USA.
  • Gervasi, V., & Prencipe, G. (2004). Coordination without communication: the case of the flocking problem. Discrete Applied Mathematics, 144, 324–344.
  • Jadbabaie, A., Lin, J., & Morse, A. S. (2003). Coordination of groups of mobile autonomous agents using nearest neighbor rules. IEEE Transactions on Automatic Control, 48, 988–1001.
  • Kerestecioğlu, F., & Cezayirli, A. (2012). Connected navigation of non- communicating mobile agents. UKACC International Conference on Control, Cardiff, UK.
  • Krishnanand, K. N., & Ghose, D. (2005). Formations of minimalist mobile robots using local-templates and spatially distributed interactions. Robotics and Autonomous Systems, 53, 194–213.
  • Lin, Z., Broucke, M., & Francis, B. (2004). Local control strategies for groups of mobile autonomous agents. IEEE Transactions on Automatic Control, 49, 622–629.
  • Maeda, R., Endo, T., & Matsuno, F. (2017). Decentralized Navigation for Heterogeneous Swarm Robots With Limited Field of View. IEEE Robotics and Automation Letters, 2(2), 904–911.
  • Pereira, G. A. S., Kumar, V., & Campos, M. F. M. (2008). Closed loop motion planning of cooperating mobile robots using graph connectivity. Robotics and Autonomous Systems, 56, 373–384.
  • Yoshimoto, M., Endo, T., Maeda, R., & Matsuno, F. (2018). Decentralized navigation method for a robotic swarm with nonhomogeneous abilities. Autonomous Robots, 42(8), 1583–1599.
  • Zavlanos, M. M., & Pappas, G. J., (2007). Potential fields for maintaining connectivity of mobile networks. IEEE Transactions on Robotics, 23, 812–816.
  • Zavlanos, M. M., Egerstedt, M. B., & Pappas, G. J. (2011). Graph-theoretic connectivity control of mobile robot networks, Proceedings of the IEEE, 99, 1525–1540.
There are 17 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Artificial Intelligence
Journal Section Research Articles
Authors

Ahmet Cezayirli This is me 0000-0001-7003-6621

Feza Kerestecioğlu This is me 0000-0001-9722-9458

Publication Date June 30, 2021
Submission Date June 25, 2021
Published in Issue Year 2021 Volume: 1 Issue: 2

Cite

APA Cezayirli, A., & Kerestecioğlu, F. (2021). HABERLEŞME YETENEĞİ OLMADAN SÜRÜ GEZİNİMİ VE FORMASYON GEÇİŞLERİ YAPABİLEN ÇOKLU OTONOM ROBOT SİSTEMİ. Tasarım Mimarlık Ve Mühendislik Dergisi, 1(2), 128-138.