Why Magnesium Level Check Should be Part of Standard Diabetes Care?
Abstract
Introduction: The aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of routine magnesium monitoring in patients with diabetes during follow-up.
Methods: A retrospective observational clinical study was conducted, encompassing 387 participants aged 18 years and older, with and without diabetes. The control group comprised patients without diabetes. The group with diabetes consisted of 237 patients (134 women, 103 men), while the control group consisted of 150 patients (85 women, 65 men). Hypomagnesemia was diagnosed at <1.6 mg/dL. The study compared the groups based on the frequency of hypomagnesemia and clinical characteristics.
Results: The prevalence of hypomagnesemia was 8.8% (13.8% in patients with diabetes, 1.3% in the control group; p=0.001), with a magnesium level of 1.93±0.24 mg/dL (1.85±0.25 mg/dL in patients with diabetes, 2.06±0.16 mg/dL in the control group; p=0.001).
The study found that the prevalence of hypomagnesemia was significantly higher in patients with diabetes, particularly those with advanced age, longer duration of diabetes, impaired glycemic control, and previous hypomagnesemia diagnosis. Moreover, the use of proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) and diuretics were more common in patients with diabetes with hypomagnesemia. Conversely, the frequency of SGLT-2 inhibitor use was lower in patients with hypomagnesemia.
Discussion: This study suggests that routine magnesium measurement should be considered as a part of standard evaluation, especially for patients with diabetes exhibiting the aforementioned risk factors, and emphasizes the significance of acknowledging PPI and diuretic usage in such cases.
Keywords
References
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