Research Article
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Year 2024, , 54 - 60, 29.04.2024
https://doi.org/10.56016/dahudermj.1418216

Abstract

References

  • Sterkens A, Lambert J, Bervoets A. Alopecia areata: a review on diagnosis, immunological etiopathogenesis and treatment options. Clin Exp Med. 2021 May;21(2):215-230. doi: 10.1007/s10238-020-00673-w.
  • Griffiths, C. E., Barker, J., Bleiker, T. O., Chalmers, R., & Creamer, D. (Eds.). (2016). Rook’s textbook of dermatology. John Wiley & Sons.
  • Parish, L. C. (2011). Andrews’ diseases of the skin: clinical dermatology. JAMA, 306(2), 213-213.
  • Fukuyama M, Ito T, Ohyama M. Alopecia areata: Current understanding of the pathophysiology and update on therapeutic approaches, featuring the Japanese Dermatological Association guidelines. J Dermatol. 2022 Jan;49(1):19-36. doi: 10.1111/1346-8138.16207. Epub 2021 Oct 28.
  • McMichael AJ, Roberson ML. Characterizing Epidemiology and Burden of Disease in Alopecia Areata-Making It Count. JAMA Dermatol. 2023 Apr 1;159(4):369-370. doi: 10.1001/jamadermatol.2023.0001.
  • Zhou C, Li X, Wang C, Zhang J. Alopecia Areata: an Update on Etiopathogenesis, Diagnosis, and Management. Clin Rev Allergy Immunol. 2021 Dec;61(3):403-423. doi: 10.1007/s12016-021-08883-0.
  • Melikoglu M, Sahin M, Alkan Melikoglu M. Vitamin D in Behcet’s Disease, a Brief Review of the Literature. Eurasian J Med. 2022 Dec;54(Suppl1):29-33. doi: 10.5152/eurasianjmed.2022.22300.
  • Athanassiou L, Kostoglou-Athanassiou I, Koutsilieris M, Shoenfeld Y. Vitamin D and Autoimmune Rheumatic Diseases. Biomolecules. 2023 Apr 21;13(4):709. doi: 10.3390/biom13040709.
  • Ly S, Manjaly P, Kamal K, Shields A, Wafae B, Afzal N, Drake L, Sanchez K, Gregoire S, Zhou G, Mita C, Mostaghimi A. Comorbid Conditions Associated with Alopecia Areata: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Am J Clin Dermatol. 2023 Nov;24(6):875-893. doi: 10.1007/s40257-023-00805-4.
  • Seyrafi H, Akhiani M, Abbasi H, Mirpour S, Gholamrezanezhad A. Evaluation of the profile of alopecia areata and the prevalence of thyroid function test abnormalities and serum autoantibodies in Iranian patients. BMC Dermatol. 2005 Oct 31;5:11. doi: 10.1186/1471-5945-5-11.
  • Finner AM. Alopecia areata: Clinical presentation, diagnosis, and unusual cases. Dermatol Ther. 2011 May-Jun;24(3):348-54. doi: 10.1111/j.1529-8019.2011.01413.x.
  • Naik PP, Farrukh SN. Association between alopecia areata and thyroid dysfunction. Postgrad Med. 2021 Nov;133(8):895-898. doi: 10.1080/00325481.2021.1974689. Epub 2021 Sep 6.
  • Polat, M., A.H. Parlak, and B. Şereflican, Dermatoloji kliniğinde görülen alopesi areatalı hastaların klinik ve epidemiyolojik özellikleri. Göztepe Tıp Dergisi, 2010. 25(2): p. 86-90.
  • Hayran Y, Gunindi Korkut M, Öktem A, Şen O, Gür Aksoy G, Özmen F. Evaluation of HLA class I and HLA class II allele profile and its relationship with clinical features in patients with alopecia areata: a case-control study. J Dermatolog Treat. 2022 Jun;33(4):2175-2181. doi: 10.1080/09546634.2021.1937478. Epub 2021 Jun 21.
  • Kyriakis KP, Paltatzidou K, Kosma E, Sofouri E, Tadros A, Rachioti E. Alopecia areata prevalence by gender and age. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. 2009 May;23(5):572-3. doi: 10.1111/j.1468-3083.2008.02956.x. Epub 2008 Sep 3.
  • Kavak A, Baykal C, Ozarmağan G, Akar U. HLA in alopecia areata. Int J Dermatol. 2000 Aug;39(8):589-92. doi: 10.1046/j.1365-4362.2000.00921.x.
  • Gönül, M., Gül, Ü., Piskin, E., Çakmak, S. K., Soylu, S., Kiliç, A., & Biyikli, Z. (2011). Alopesi Areatali Hastalarin Geriye Dönük Degerlendirilmesi/Retrospective Evaluation of Alopecia Areata Patients. Turk Dermatoloji Dergisi, 5(2), 43.
  • Kılınç, İ., Alper, S., Ceylan, C., & İdil, Ü. N. A. L. (2002). Alopesi Areatalı olgularda hasta profili: Bir retrospektif çalışma. Ege Tıp Dergisi, 41(1), 25-27.
  • Lutz, G., Biersack, H. J., Bauer, R., & Kreysel, H. W. (1987). Value of pathologic thyroid gland findings in alopecia areata. Zeitschrift fur Hautkrankheiten, 62(17), 1253-1261.
  • Tosti A, Bellavista S, Iorizzo M. Alopecia areata: a long term follow-up study of 191 patients. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2006 Sep;55(3):438-41. doi: 10.1016/j.jaad.2006.05.008. Epub 2006 Jun 27.
  • Nanda A, Al-Fouzan AS, Al-Hasawi F. Alopecia areata in children: a clinical profile. Pediatr Dermatol. 2002 Nov-Dec;19(6):482-5. doi: 10.1046/j.1525-1470.2002.00215.x.
  • Baars MP, Greebe RJ, Pop VJ. High prevalence of thyroid peroxidase antibodies in patients with alopecia areata. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. 2013 Jan;27(1):e137-9. doi: 10.1111/j.1468-3083.2011.04420.x. Epub 2012 Jan 6.
  • Goh, C., et al., Profile of 513 patients with alopecia areata: associations of disease subtypes with atopy, autoimmune disease and positive family history. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol, 2006. 20(9): p. 1055-60.
  • Özden, M.G., et al., Çocukluk Çağı Alopesi Areata Hastalarının Klinik Özellikleri ve Seyri. Turkish Journal of Dermatology/Turk Dermatoloji Dergisis, 2010. 4(3).
  • Green, J. and R.D. Sinclair, Genetics of alopecia areata. Australas J Dermatol, 2000. 41(4): p. 213-8.
  • Willemsen, R., et al., Increased history of childhood and lifetime traumatic events among adults with alopecia areata. J Am Acad Dermatol, 2009. 60(3): p. 388-93.
  • Fairweather, D., S. Frisancho-Kiss, and N.R. Rose, Sex differences in autoimmune disease from a pathological perspective. Am J Pathol, 2008. 173(3): p. 600-9.

The role of autoimmune thyroid disorders in patients with alopecia areata

Year 2024, , 54 - 60, 29.04.2024
https://doi.org/10.56016/dahudermj.1418216

Abstract

Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the association of thyroid autoimmunity with alopecia areata (AA) by examining thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) and thyroid autoantibody levels. In addition, to compare the epidemiologic data obtained with the data of our country.
Methods: Our study was organized as a cross-sectional, retrospective study. The study was performed on patients between the ages of 2-65 years who were admitted to our outpatient clinic between 01.01.2008 and 31.12.2011, who were clinically or histopathological diagnosed with AA, examined for etiology and thyroid autoantibodies were requested. Patients under two years of age and over 65 years of age, patients with no thyroid autoantibodies and pregnant patients were excluded. Results were expressed as mean±standard deviation and median values. Mann-Whitney U test was used to compare TSH, anti-TG antibody (Anti-TG) and anti-TPO (Anti-TPO) antibody values in the variables of nail involvement, psychiatry, comorbidity and family history. Spearman correlation analysis was used to examine the relationships between age and disease duration and TSH, Anti-TPO and Anti-TG variables.
Results: In our study, 65 (42.8%) of 152 patients were female and 87 (57.2%) were male. The ages of the patients ranged between 2-65 years and the mean age was 26.5±14.6 years. The mean age of females was 27.5±14.4 and 25.7±14.9 in males. Elevated thyroid autoantibodies were found in a total of 29 patients, 21 of whom were female and 8 of whom were male. Of these 29 patients, 10 had hypothyroidism, 2 had chronic thyroiditis and 3 had toxic multinodular goiter. 14 patients did not return after the examination at the internal medicine outpatient clinic, so the diagnosis of thyroid disease could not be reached. The mean TSH, Anti-TG and Anti-TPO values were 2.27±1.57, 29.2±99 and 71.5±2.2, respectively. When these values were analyzed separately as men and women, they were found to be 2.6±2.02, 41.8±1.23 and 134±2.8 in women and 1.99±1.03, 19.8±75.6 and 24.5±1.32 in men. There was a significant difference between men and women in terms of Anti-TG and Anti-TPO values (p=0.011 and p=0.001, respectively). A significant correlation was found between disease duration and Anti-TPO positivity (p=0.045); however, a similar relationship was not found between disease duration and Anti-TG positivity (p=0.34).
Conclusions: As a result of this study, although there was a significant correlation between anti-TPO and duration of AA, the association between thyroid autoimmunity and AA was not found to be statistically significant. This may be due to the fact that humoral autoimmunity plays a role in thyroid autoimmunity and primarily cellular autoimmunity plays a role in AA. In addition, the epidemiologic data of our study were similar to the data of studies conducted in our country.

References

  • Sterkens A, Lambert J, Bervoets A. Alopecia areata: a review on diagnosis, immunological etiopathogenesis and treatment options. Clin Exp Med. 2021 May;21(2):215-230. doi: 10.1007/s10238-020-00673-w.
  • Griffiths, C. E., Barker, J., Bleiker, T. O., Chalmers, R., & Creamer, D. (Eds.). (2016). Rook’s textbook of dermatology. John Wiley & Sons.
  • Parish, L. C. (2011). Andrews’ diseases of the skin: clinical dermatology. JAMA, 306(2), 213-213.
  • Fukuyama M, Ito T, Ohyama M. Alopecia areata: Current understanding of the pathophysiology and update on therapeutic approaches, featuring the Japanese Dermatological Association guidelines. J Dermatol. 2022 Jan;49(1):19-36. doi: 10.1111/1346-8138.16207. Epub 2021 Oct 28.
  • McMichael AJ, Roberson ML. Characterizing Epidemiology and Burden of Disease in Alopecia Areata-Making It Count. JAMA Dermatol. 2023 Apr 1;159(4):369-370. doi: 10.1001/jamadermatol.2023.0001.
  • Zhou C, Li X, Wang C, Zhang J. Alopecia Areata: an Update on Etiopathogenesis, Diagnosis, and Management. Clin Rev Allergy Immunol. 2021 Dec;61(3):403-423. doi: 10.1007/s12016-021-08883-0.
  • Melikoglu M, Sahin M, Alkan Melikoglu M. Vitamin D in Behcet’s Disease, a Brief Review of the Literature. Eurasian J Med. 2022 Dec;54(Suppl1):29-33. doi: 10.5152/eurasianjmed.2022.22300.
  • Athanassiou L, Kostoglou-Athanassiou I, Koutsilieris M, Shoenfeld Y. Vitamin D and Autoimmune Rheumatic Diseases. Biomolecules. 2023 Apr 21;13(4):709. doi: 10.3390/biom13040709.
  • Ly S, Manjaly P, Kamal K, Shields A, Wafae B, Afzal N, Drake L, Sanchez K, Gregoire S, Zhou G, Mita C, Mostaghimi A. Comorbid Conditions Associated with Alopecia Areata: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Am J Clin Dermatol. 2023 Nov;24(6):875-893. doi: 10.1007/s40257-023-00805-4.
  • Seyrafi H, Akhiani M, Abbasi H, Mirpour S, Gholamrezanezhad A. Evaluation of the profile of alopecia areata and the prevalence of thyroid function test abnormalities and serum autoantibodies in Iranian patients. BMC Dermatol. 2005 Oct 31;5:11. doi: 10.1186/1471-5945-5-11.
  • Finner AM. Alopecia areata: Clinical presentation, diagnosis, and unusual cases. Dermatol Ther. 2011 May-Jun;24(3):348-54. doi: 10.1111/j.1529-8019.2011.01413.x.
  • Naik PP, Farrukh SN. Association between alopecia areata and thyroid dysfunction. Postgrad Med. 2021 Nov;133(8):895-898. doi: 10.1080/00325481.2021.1974689. Epub 2021 Sep 6.
  • Polat, M., A.H. Parlak, and B. Şereflican, Dermatoloji kliniğinde görülen alopesi areatalı hastaların klinik ve epidemiyolojik özellikleri. Göztepe Tıp Dergisi, 2010. 25(2): p. 86-90.
  • Hayran Y, Gunindi Korkut M, Öktem A, Şen O, Gür Aksoy G, Özmen F. Evaluation of HLA class I and HLA class II allele profile and its relationship with clinical features in patients with alopecia areata: a case-control study. J Dermatolog Treat. 2022 Jun;33(4):2175-2181. doi: 10.1080/09546634.2021.1937478. Epub 2021 Jun 21.
  • Kyriakis KP, Paltatzidou K, Kosma E, Sofouri E, Tadros A, Rachioti E. Alopecia areata prevalence by gender and age. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. 2009 May;23(5):572-3. doi: 10.1111/j.1468-3083.2008.02956.x. Epub 2008 Sep 3.
  • Kavak A, Baykal C, Ozarmağan G, Akar U. HLA in alopecia areata. Int J Dermatol. 2000 Aug;39(8):589-92. doi: 10.1046/j.1365-4362.2000.00921.x.
  • Gönül, M., Gül, Ü., Piskin, E., Çakmak, S. K., Soylu, S., Kiliç, A., & Biyikli, Z. (2011). Alopesi Areatali Hastalarin Geriye Dönük Degerlendirilmesi/Retrospective Evaluation of Alopecia Areata Patients. Turk Dermatoloji Dergisi, 5(2), 43.
  • Kılınç, İ., Alper, S., Ceylan, C., & İdil, Ü. N. A. L. (2002). Alopesi Areatalı olgularda hasta profili: Bir retrospektif çalışma. Ege Tıp Dergisi, 41(1), 25-27.
  • Lutz, G., Biersack, H. J., Bauer, R., & Kreysel, H. W. (1987). Value of pathologic thyroid gland findings in alopecia areata. Zeitschrift fur Hautkrankheiten, 62(17), 1253-1261.
  • Tosti A, Bellavista S, Iorizzo M. Alopecia areata: a long term follow-up study of 191 patients. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2006 Sep;55(3):438-41. doi: 10.1016/j.jaad.2006.05.008. Epub 2006 Jun 27.
  • Nanda A, Al-Fouzan AS, Al-Hasawi F. Alopecia areata in children: a clinical profile. Pediatr Dermatol. 2002 Nov-Dec;19(6):482-5. doi: 10.1046/j.1525-1470.2002.00215.x.
  • Baars MP, Greebe RJ, Pop VJ. High prevalence of thyroid peroxidase antibodies in patients with alopecia areata. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. 2013 Jan;27(1):e137-9. doi: 10.1111/j.1468-3083.2011.04420.x. Epub 2012 Jan 6.
  • Goh, C., et al., Profile of 513 patients with alopecia areata: associations of disease subtypes with atopy, autoimmune disease and positive family history. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol, 2006. 20(9): p. 1055-60.
  • Özden, M.G., et al., Çocukluk Çağı Alopesi Areata Hastalarının Klinik Özellikleri ve Seyri. Turkish Journal of Dermatology/Turk Dermatoloji Dergisis, 2010. 4(3).
  • Green, J. and R.D. Sinclair, Genetics of alopecia areata. Australas J Dermatol, 2000. 41(4): p. 213-8.
  • Willemsen, R., et al., Increased history of childhood and lifetime traumatic events among adults with alopecia areata. J Am Acad Dermatol, 2009. 60(3): p. 388-93.
  • Fairweather, D., S. Frisancho-Kiss, and N.R. Rose, Sex differences in autoimmune disease from a pathological perspective. Am J Pathol, 2008. 173(3): p. 600-9.
There are 27 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Clinical Sciences (Other)
Journal Section Research Articles
Authors

Hatice Nihal Şahin 0009-0003-8382-3386

Adnan Görgülü This is me 0009-0005-0652-7000

Publication Date April 29, 2024
Submission Date January 22, 2024
Acceptance Date February 21, 2024
Published in Issue Year 2024

Cite

EndNote Şahin HN, Görgülü A (April 1, 2024) The role of autoimmune thyroid disorders in patients with alopecia areata. DAHUDER Medical Journal 4 2 54–60.



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