İslam Ekonomisi ve Finansı ile İlgili Çalışmalarda Metodolojik Sorun: Fıkhî İstidlâl

Abstract

Günümüzde İslam ekonomisinin metodolojisine ilişkin tartışılmakta olan problemlerden biri, fıkhi istidlâl sorunudur. Alanla ilgili fıkhi istidlâl girişiminde bulunan çalışmaların önemli bir kısmında, ortaya çıkan yeni finansal ürünlerin veya meselelerin meşrulaştırılmaya çalışıldığı gözlemlenmektedir. Literatüre bakıldığında problemin İslam ekonomisi ve f inansına yönelik ortaya konulan akademik çalışmalar bağlamında özel olarak ele alınmadığı görülmektedir. Dolayısıyla çalışmamızın amacı, akademik çalışmalarda fıkhi istidlâl sürecinde meydana gelen sorunların ve yersiz kullanımların tespit edilerek tasnif edilmesi ve tartışılmasıdır. Veri toplama aşamasında TRDizin, Web of Science (WoS) ve Scopus gibi dizinlerde yer alan makale örnekleri esas alınmıştır. Veri analizi aşamasında ise içerik ve literatür incelemesi modeline dayalı nitel araştırma yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Araştırma neticesinde fıkhi istidlâlin: a) naslardan doğrudan istidlâl; b) fıkıh usûlünün yanlış kullanımı; c) kavâidle istidlâl; d) mezhep görüşlerinin nakli ve içtihatla ilgili sorunlar gibi farklı şekillerde karşımıza çıkabileceği tespit edilmiştir. Son olarak tespit edilen sorunların önlenmesine ve çözümüne yönelik bir dizi öneriler sunulmuştur.

Keywords

• İslam Hukuku
• İslam Ekonomisi ve Finansı Araştırmaları
• Metodolojik Sorun
• Akademik Çalışmalar
• Fıkhî İstidlâl
• Hatalar
• Çözüm Önerileri

A Methodological Problem in Studies on Islamic Economics and Finance: Legal Substantiation

Abstract

One of the ongoing issues in the methodology of Islamic economics is the problem of legal substantiation (istidlāl fıqhī). In many studies related to the field, it is observed that every new financial product or issue is attempted to be legitimised. Upon reviewing the literature, it can be noted that this problem has not been specifically addressed within the context of academic studies. Therefore, the aim of this study is to identify and classify the issues and inappropriate uses that arise in the process of legal substantiation in academic works and to discuss them. In the data collection phase, article examples from databases such as TRDizin, Web of Science (WoS), and Scopus were used. During the data analysis phase, a qualitative research method based on content and literature review models was employed. The research findings revealed that legal substantiation can manifest in various forms, including: a) direct reasoning from the texts (naṣṣ), b) misuse of the principles of Islamic jurisprudence (usūl al-fıqh), c) reasoning based on legal maxims (qawā’id), and d) issues related to the stating of legal schools’ opinions and ijtihād. Finally, several suggestions for resolving the identified issues are presented.

Keywords

• Islamic Law
• Islamic Economics and Finance Studies
• Methodological Problem
• Academic Studies
• Legal Substantiation
• Mistakes
• Solution Suggestions

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