The effect of GNRI score on prognosis in patients with multivessel disease

Year 2025, Volume: 39 Issue: 1, 11 - 22, 12.03.2025

Raif Kılıç

Abstract

Background: Geriatric Nutrition Risk Index (GNRI) is a simple and practical method used to evaluate the nutritional status of patients. Low GNRI scores are associated with poor outcomes and increased mortality. The aim of the study was to evaluate the association of the GNRI score with adverse outcomes in patients with multivessel disease.

Materials and Methods: Our study included 232 patients with multivessel disease from 2 centers between 01.01.2019-01.01.2021. Patients were divided into 2 groups according to GNRI score; GNRI > 98 normal nutrition and GNRI ≤98 malnutrition. All-cause mortality and major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) rates were assessed at 36 months of follow-up.

Results: Approximately one third of the patients were in the low GNRI group (GNRI ≤ 98, n = 81, 34.9%). The low GNRI group had higher rates of MACE (45.7% vs. 21.9%, p < 0.001) and mortality (22.2% vs. 8.6%, p = 0.004). In multivariate Cox regression analysis, GNRI was identified as an independent predictor of both mortality and MACE (HR: 0.908, 95% CI: 0.864-0.954, p<0.001 and HR: 0.903, 95% CI: 0.873-0.934, p<0.001, respectively). In Kaplan-Meier analysis, both MACE and mortality were higher in the low GNRI group over time (Log-Rank Test=20.481, p<0.001 and Log-Rank Test=8.287, p=0.004, respectively).

Conclusion: In conclusion, this study demonstrated that GNRI is an independent predictor of MACE and all-cause mortality in patients with multivessel disease. Closer monitoring of patients with low GNRI and interventions to improve their nutritional status may contribute to improving their long-term prognosis.

Keywords

Multivessel disease, mortality, geriatric nutrition risk index, major adverse cardiovascular events.

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