Use of allelopathic plant extract with herbicide

Abstract

Herbicides are one of the plant protection products that have been discussed due to their adversely effects caused by the usage of them although they have an important role on the sustainability of crop production. Researches on the plant protection practices, such as the development of new herbicide application techniques, the reduction of the application rate, the use of adjuvant, changing herbicide application  time  and  the  use  of   allelopathic  plant  extract,  and the applications based on the results of these research have increased in recent years. The cost of weed control may exceed the economic benefits because a large amount of plant extract is needed to control weeds alone with allelopathic chemicals. Using the mixture of plant extracts with the reduced rate of herbicides is important both to reduce environmental and economic losses and to prevent some problem caused by use of herbicide. The extracts of plants which have got allelopathic character, such as sunflower, sorghum, brassica and rice, are commonly used for this aim. The aim of presented review is to emphasize the efficacy of allelopathic plant extract with herbicide to control weeds and its economical contribution.  

Keywords

• Allelopathy; Herbicide; Plant extract

Allelopatik bitki ekstraktları ile herbisitlerin kullanımı

Abstract

Herbisitler, bitkisel üretimin sürdürülmesi için önemli rol oynamalarına karşın hatalı kullanımlarından kaynaklanan sorunlar nedeniyle zaman zaman sorgulanan bitki koruma ürünlerinden biridir. Son yıllarda yeni herbisit uygulama tekniklerinin geliştirilmesi, herbisit dozunun düşürülmesi, yardımcı tarımsal kimyasalların kullanımı, herbisit uygulama zamanının değiştirilmesi ve allelopatik bitki ekstraktlarının kullanılması gibi yabancı ot kontrol yöntemlerine yönelik araştırmalar ve bu araştırmaların sonuçlarına göre de uygulamalar artmaktadır. Yabancı ot mücadelesi sadece allelopatik kimyasallarla yapılmak istendiğinde yüksek hacimlerde bitki ekstraktına ihtiyaç duyulacağı için ekonomik olmaktan çıkabilmektedir. Bitki ekstrakt karışımlarının herbisitlerin düşük dozları ile birlikte kullanılması hem çevresel ve ekonomik zararın azaltılması hem de dayanıklılık gibi herbisit kullanımından kaynaklanan bazı sorunların önüne geçilmesi bakımından önemlidir. Allelopatik özelliğe sahip ayçiçeği, kanyaş, kanola ve çeltik gibi bitkilerin ekstraktları bu amaçla yaygın olarak kullanılmaktadır. Bu derlemede amaç allelopatik bitki ekstraktları ile herbisit karışımlarının yabancı ot mücadelesindeki etkinliğini ve ekonomik açıdan katkılarını vurgulamaktır. 

Keywords

• Allelopati; Herbisit; Bitki ekstraktı

References

1. Arora, K., Mickelson, S. K., & Baker, J. L. (2003). Effectiveness of vegetated buffer strips in reducing pesticide transport in simulated runoff. Transactions of the ASAE, 46, 635-644.
2. Awan, I. U., Khan, M. A., Zareef, M, & Khan, E. A., (2009). Eeed management in sunflower with allelopathic water extract and reduced doses of a herbicide. Pakistan Journal Of Weed Science Research, 15(1):19-30.
3. Başaran, M. S., & Serim, A.T. (2010). Herbisitlerin toprakta parçalanması. Selçuk Tarım ve Gıda Bilimleri Dergisi, 24: 54-61.
4. Beckie, H. J. (2006). Herbicide-Resistant Weeds: Management tactics and pactices. Weed Technology, 20:793–814.
5. Cheema, Z. A., & Khaliq, A. (2000). Use of sorghum allelopathic properties to control weeds in irrigated wheat in a semi-arid region of Punjab. Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment, 79:105-112.
6. Cheema, Z. A., Khaliq., A., & Hussain, R. (2003a). Reducing herbicide rate in combination with allelopathic sorgaab for weed control in cotton. International Journal of Agriculture and Biology, 5:1-6.
7. Cheema, Z. A., Khaliq., A., & Hussain, R. (2003b). Efficacy of sorgaab in combination with allelopathic water extracts and reduced rates of pendimethalin for weed control in Mungbean. Indus Journal of Plant Science, 2:21-25.
8. Cheema, Z. A., Khichi, A. H., & Khalıq, A. (2005). Feasibility of reducing herbicide dose in combination with sorgaab for weed control in transplanted fine rice (Oryza sativa L.). International Journal of Agriculture and Biology, 7:892-894.

9. Duke, S. O., Dayan, F. E., Romagni, J. G., & Rimando, M. A. (2000). Natural products as sources of herbicides: Current status and future trends. Weed Research, 40:99-111.
10. Fateh, E., Samaneh, S., & Gerami, F. (2012). Evaluation the allelopathic effect of bindweed (Convolvulus arvensis L.) on germination and seedling growth of millet and basil. Advances in Environmental Biology, 6:940-950.
11. Hussain, S., Hassan, F., Rasheed, M., Ali, S. & Ahmed, M. (2014). Effects of allelopathic crop water extracts and their combinations on weeds and yield of rainfed wheat. Journal of Food, Agriculture & Environment, 12:161-167.
12. Iqbal, J., Cheema, Z. A., & Mushtaq, M. N. (2009). Allelopathic Crop Water Extracts Reduce the Herbicide Dose for Weed Control in Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum) International Journal of Agriculture and Biology, 11:360-366.
13. Iqbal, J., Karim, F., & Hussain, S. (2010). Response of wheat crop (Triticum aestivum L.) and its weeds to allelopathic crop water extracts in combination with reduced herbicide rates. Pakistan Journal of Agricultural Science, 47:309-316.
14. Iqbal, J., & Cheema, Z. A. (2008). Purple nutsedge (Cyperus rotundus L.) management in cotton with combined application of sorgaab and s-metolachlor. Pakistan Journal of Botany, 40(6):2383-2391.
15. Khaliq, A., Matloob, A. & Riaz, Y. (2012). Bio-economic and qualitative impact of reduced herbicide use in direct seeded fine rice through multipurpose tree water extracts. Chilean Journal of Agricultural Research, 72:350-357.
16. Khan, M. B., Ahmad, M., Hussain, M., Jabran, K., Farooq, S., & Waqas-Il-Haq, M. (2012). Allelopathic plant water extracts tank mixed with reduced doses of atrazine efficiently control Trianthema portulacastrum L. in Zea mays L. The Journal of Animal & Plant Sciences, 22:339-346.
17. Koger, C. H., Dodds, D. M., & Reynolds, D. B. (2007). Effect of adjuvants and urea ammonium nitrate on bispyribac efficacy, absorption, and translocation in Barnyardgrass (Echinochloa crus-galli). I. Efficacy, rainfastness, and soil moisture. Weed Science, 55:399–405.
18. -
19. Mahmood, A., Rashid, A., Ali, M. A. & Waqar, M. Q. (2013). Efficacy of aqueous extracts of different allelopathic plants combined with reduced herbicide doses for weed control in wheat. Journal of Agricultural Research, 51(4):399-410.
20. McDaniel, P. A., Regan, M. P., Brooks, E., Boll, J., Bamdt, S., & Falen, A. (2008). Linking fragipans, perched water tables, and catchment-scale hydrological processes. Catena, 73: 166-173.
21. Miri, H. R. & Armin, M., (2013). The use of plant water extracts in order to reduce herbicide application in wheat. European Journal of Experimental Biology, 3:155-164.
22. Mushtaq M. N, Cheema, Z. A., Khaliq, A., & Naveed, M. R. (2010). A 75% reduction in herbicide use through integration with Sorghum+sunflower extracts for weed management in wheat. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture, 90:1897–1904.
23. Razzaq, A., Cheema, Z. A., Jabran, K., Hussain, M., Farooq, M. & Zaraf, M. (2012). Reduced herbicide doses used together with allelopathic sorghum and sunflower water extracts for weed control in wheat. Journal of Plant Protection Research, 52: 281-285.
24. Reichenberger, S., Bach, M., Skitschak, A., & Frede, H. G. (2007). Mitigation strategies to reduce pesticide inputs into ground-and surface water and their effectiveness; A review. Science of the Total Environment, 384: 1-35.
25. Shahid, M., Ahmad, B., Khattak, R.A., & Arif, M. (2007). Integration of Herbicides with Aqueous Allelopathic Extracts for Weeds Control in Wheat. African Crop Science Conference Proceedings Vol. 8. pp. 209-212.
26. Serim, A. T., Başaran, M. S., Dursun, E., Koçtürk, B.Ö., & Üre, T. (2008). Uygulama normu ve hava emişli memenin bazı buğday herbisitlerinin performansına etkileri. Türkiye Herboloji Dergisi, 11: 16-25.
27. Serim, A. T., & Maden, S. (2014). Effects of soil residues of sulfosulfuron and mesosulfuron methyl + iodosulfuron methyl sodium on sunflower varieties. Tarım Bilimleri Dergisi, 20: 1-9.
28. Shahid, M., Ahmad, B., Khattak, R. A. & Arif, M. (2007). Integration of Herbicides with Aqueous Allelopathic Extracts for Weed Control in Wheat. African Crop Science Conference Proceedings 8: 209- 212.
29. Stewart, C. L., Nurse, R. E., & Sikkema, P. H. (2009). Time of day impacts postemergence weed control in corn. Weed Technology, 23:346-355.
30. Thompson, W. M., Nissen, S. J., & Masters, R. A. (1996). Adjuvant effects on imazethapyr, 2,4-D and picloram absorption by leafy spurge (Euphorbia esula). Weed Science, 44:469-475.
31. Vianello, A., Vischetti, C., Scarponi, L., & Zanin, G. (2005). Herbicide losses in runoff events from a field with a low slope: Role of a vegetative filter strip. Chemosphere, 61:717-725.
32. Yarnia, M., Khorshidi Benam, M.B., & Farajzadeh Memari Tabrizi, E. (2009). Allelopathic effects of sorghum extracts on Amaranthus retroflexus seed germination and growth. Journal of Food, Agriculture & Environment, 7:770-774.