Drought stress and plant physiology

Abstract

Drought stress has been an important issue nowadays in plant production because of the decline in quantity and quality of water resources in the world and it leads to alter the normal physiological function of the economically high valued plants. This situation makes cultivation of plants tolerant to high stress more crucial. Therefore, current studies are mostly focused on the explaining the tolerance mechanisms of highly drought resistant plants and protecting and transforming of the plant genetic sources. In this paper, drought effects on the plants, plant physiological reactions to drought and adaptation mechanisms of the plants are explained by referring important researches done in the recent years.

Keywords

• Abiotic stress; Drought; Plant physiology; Stomatal conductance; Osmotic adjustment

Kuraklık stresi ve bitki fizyolojisi

Abstract

Dünya çapında su kaynaklarının miktar ve niteliklerinde meydana gelen düşüşler nedeniyle kuraklık stresi bitki yetiştiriciliğinde her geçen gün önemli hale gelmekte ve ekonomik öneme sahip bitkilerin normal fizyolojik işlevlerinde değişikliklere yol açmaktadır. Bu durum stres koşullarına dayanıklı bitki türlerinin yetiştiriciliğini ön plana çıkarmaktadır. Ayrıca, stres koşularına dayanıklı bitki türlerinin tolerans mekanizmalarının açıklanması, bitkisel gen kaynaklarının korunması ve aktarımı gibi çalışmalar giderek önem arz etmektedir. Bu çalışmada kuraklığın bitkiler üzerindeki etkileri, bitkilerin gösterdikleri fizyolojik reaksiyonlar ve adaptasyon mekanizmaları son yıllarda yapılmış olan önemli çalışmalar referans alınarak açıklanmıştır.

Keywords

• Abiyotik stres; Kuraklık; Bitki fizyolojisi; Stoma iletkenliği; Ozmotik uyum

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