Çiçeklenme dönemi yüksek sıcaklıkların kiraz meyve tutumu üzerine etkisi

Abstract

Bu çalışmada 2006 ve 2012 yılları arasında, çiçeklenme döneminde gerçekleşen hava sıcaklıklarının dünya kiraz ticaretinde önemli bir yere sahip olan ‘0900 Ziraat’ çeşidinin meyve tutumuyla ilişkisi incelenmiştir. Çiçeklenme aşamaları tespit edilmiş ve bu dönemlerdeki hava sıcaklıkları saatlik olarak kaydedilmiştir. Aynı zamanda o yılın meyve tutum oranları belirlenmiştir. Çiçeklenme döneminde oluşan sıcaklıkların meyve tutumu üzerine etkili olduğu ve yıldan yıla değişen koşulların verim dalgalanmalarına neden olduğu belirlenmiştir. Çiçeklenme periyodu boyunca sıcaklıkların yüksek gerçekleşmesi halinde meyve tutumu azalmaktadır. Tomurcuk patlaması ve çiçek taç yapraklarının dökümü arasındaki ortalama sıcaklık denemenin yürütüldüğü yıllarda 1°C arttığında kiraz meyve tutumunun yaklaşık %4 azaldığı tespit edilmiştir. Sonuç olarak küresel iklim değişikliklerinin kiraz yetiştiriciliği üzerine olabilecek etkileri dikkatle çalışılmalıdır.

Keywords

• Çiçeklenme,Kiraz,Meyve tutumu,Prunus avium L.,Sıcaklık

Effect of high temperatures during blooming on sweet cherry fruit set

Abstract

The relationship between air temperatures of flowering period and fruit set of ‘0900 Ziraat’, which has an important place in the world sweet cherry trade, was analyzed between the years of 2006 and 2012. First of all, flowering stages were identified. Then, air temperatures of those stages were recorded hourly. Also, fruit set rates of that year were designated. It was determined that air temperatures of flowering period affected fruit set and yearly changing conditions led to yield fluctuations. High temperatures of flowering period caused a reduction in fruit set. It was observed that sweet cherry fruit set decreased by approximately 4% when the average temperature from bud burst to petal fall increased 1°C during the years of experiment. As a result, potential effects of global climate changes on sweet cherry growing should be carefully studied.

Keywords

• Flowering,Sweet cherry,Fruit set,Prunus avium L.,Temperature

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