Determination of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in butter and vegetable oils available in Turkish markets

Abstract

This study was conducted to determine the content of PAH4 (benz[a]anthracene, chrysene, benzo[b]fluoranthene and benzo[a]pyrene) in butters and vegetable oils (olive oil, palm oil, sunflower oil, almond oil, hazelnut oil and coffee oil) sold in Turkish local markets. A series of 15 vegetable oils and butters collected from markets were analyzed in the study. Among vegetable oils, sunflower oil presented highest amount of PAH4 (20.76 µg kg^-1) followed by olive oil (9.51 µg kg^-1), palm oil (6.05 µg kg^-1), coffee oil (5.25 µg kg^-1) and almond oil (1.95 µg kg^-1), respectively. PAH4 was not detected for butters among analysed samples. As a result, PAH4 can occur in various vegetable oils at different levels and PAH4 levels detected in all oil samples except sunflower oil were below the Turkish Food Codex.

Keywords

• PAH4,Butter,Vegetable oil,Market survey

Türkiye piyasasında satışa sunulmuş olan bitkisel yağlar ve tereyağlarında polisiklik aromatik hidrokarbon miktarının tespit edilmesi

Abstract

Bu çalışma, Türkiye piyasasında satışa sunulan tereyağları ve bitkisel yağların (zeytinyağı, palm yağı, ayçiçek yağı, badem yağı, fındık yağı ve kahve yağı) PAH4 (benz[a]antrasen, krisen, benzo[b]fluoranthene ve benzo[a]piren) miktarlarını belirlemek amacıyla yürütülmüştür. Çalışmada marketlerden temin edilen 15 adet bitkisel yağ ve tereyağı analiz edilmiştir. Analiz edilen bitkisel yağ örneklerinde en yüksek PAH4 miktarı (20.76 µg kg^-1) ayçiçek yağında tespit edilmiş olup, bunu sırasıyla zeytinyağı (9.51 µg kg^-1), palm yağı (6.05 µg kg^-1), kahve yağı (5.25 µg kg^-1) ve badem yağı (1.95 µg kg^-1) izlemiştir. Analiz edilen tereyağlarında PAH miktarı tespit edilmemiştir. Sonuç olarak, Türkiye piyasasında yer alan çeşitli bitkisel yağlarda farklı miktarlarda PAH4 bulunabilmektedir ve ayçiçek yağı dışındaki örneklerin PAH4 miktarları Türk Gıda Kodeksi limit değerinin altında olduğu tespit edilmiştir.

Keywords

• PAH4,Tereyağı,Bitkisel yağ,Pazar araştırması

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