A new practice in fruit trees: Centrifugal training system

Abstract

The choice of the training system is a rather important decision for yield, fruit quality and profitability. There were dramatic changes in concepts for apple training in the last years. Centrifugal training system which was one of the innovations was developed in the beginning of the 2000’s in France. SolAxe training system forms the main part of this training system. The most innovative aspect of the Centrifugal training system is the artificial extinction technique. This technique is carried out more specifically in the center of the tree and on the underside of branches to remove potentially poor quality fruits. Artificial extinction improves light distribution within the tree canopy especially in colored-fruit varieties for which the light climate is particularly important. It also offers an alternative training method to reduce biennial bearing. In addition to canopy porosity created by artificial extinction, this training system can help reducing disease and harmful insects. In this study it is aimed to explain general rules of centrifugal training system.

Keywords

• Tree architecture; Bending; Orchard management; Planting system; Pruning

Meyve ağaçlarında yeni bir uygulama: Merkezkaç terbiye sistemi

Abstract

Terbiye sistemi seçimi, verim, meyve kalitesi ve karlılık açısından oldukça önemlidir. Son yıllarda elma ağaçlarının terbiyesinde büyük gelişmeler kaydedilmiştir. Bu yeniliklerden birisi olan merkezkaç terbiye sistemi, 2000’li yılların başında Fransa’da geliştirilmiştir. Bu sistemin temelini SolAxe terbiye sistemi oluşturmuştur. Bu sistemin getirdiği en büyük yenilik suni spur öldürme tekniğidir. Bu teknik daha çok ağacın iç kısmında ve düşük kalitede meyve oluşturma potansiyeline sahip olduğu için dalların alt taraflarında yapılmaktadır. Taç içerisine ışık girişini sağlayan suni spur öldürme, özellikle renklenme problemi olan çeşitlerde renklenmeyi artırmak açısından oldukça önemlidir. Bu terbiye tekniği aynı zamanda periyodisiteyi azaltmada bir alternatif sunmaktadır. Buna ilaveten suni olarak yaratılan taç boşluğu hastalık ve zararlı popülasyonunun azaltılmasına yardımcı olmaktadır. Bu çalışmada merkezkaç terbiye sisteminin genel prensiplerinin anlatılması amaçlanmıştır.

Keywords

• Ağaç mimarisi; Eğme; Bahçe yönetimi; Dikim sistemi; Budama

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