Effects of bottle gourd (Lagenaria siceraria) rootstocks on plant nutrient content of watermelon [Citrullus lanatus (Thunb.) Mats. & Nak.] leaf and nitrogen use efficiency

Year 2019, Volume: 36 Issue: 1, 24 - 32, 31.05.2019

Halit Yetişir , Nebahat Sarı

https://doi.org/10.16882/derim.2019.443162

Abstract

In this study,
rootstock effects of bottle gourds on nutrient uptake and nitrogen use
efficiency of watermelon were investigated. Watermelon seedlings were grafted
onto Birecik, Skopje, Emphasis, 216 and FRGold. Non-grafted plants were used as
control. The seedlings were transplanted and kept under plastic tunnel until
climatic conditions were suitable for watermelon cultivation. Experimental area
was amended with doses of 18 kg N da^-1,
20 kg P₂O₅
da^-1 and 18
kg K₂O da^-1based on soil analysis. No micro-nutrient
fertilizer was applied. While total P and 1/3 of N and K were applied as base
fertilizer before transplanting, the second and third portions of the N and K
were applied 20 and 40 days after transplanting, respectively. The experiment
planned as a completely randomized block design and repeated four times, each
replication has 15 plants. The seedlings were transplanted with 200 x 50 cm spacing. Macro and
micro-nutrient contents were analyzed in fully grown seventh and eighth leaves
from soot tips. While N, P, K and Ca contents of the leaves did not show
significant differences between graft combinations and control plants, Mg concentration
was significantly affected by rootstocks. All graft combinations had higher Fe
concentration in the leaf than non-grafted plants. Cu and Zn concentrations
showed significant variation based on rootstock. Higher nitrogen use efficiency
(ton yield kg N^-1) was recorded in all graft combinations as
compared to controls. Bottle gourd rootstocks used in this study enhanced the
nutrient uptake, plant growth and total fruit yield.

Keywords

Citrullus lanatus, Grafting, Plant growth, Nutrient uptake, Yield

Su kabağı [Lagenaria siceraria (Mol) Standl] anaçlarının karpuz [Citrullus lanatus (Thunb.) Mats. & Nak.] yapraklarının bitki besin elementi içerikleri ve azot kullanım etkinliği üzerine etkileri

Abstract

Bu çalışmada, su kabağı anaçlarının karpuzun
bitki besin elementi alımına ve azot kullanım etkinliğine etkileri
araştırılmıştır. Kalem olarak kullanılan Crimson Tide karpuz [Citrullus
lanatus (Thunb.) Mats. & Nak.] çeşidi birisi köy çeşidi (Birecik) ve
dördü su kabağı (Lagenaria siceraria) melezi (Skopje, Emphasis, 216 and FRGold) olan anaçlar üzerine
aşılanmıştır. Aşısız Crimson Tide karpuz çeşidi kontrol olarak kullanılmıştır.
Bitkiler dış koşullar uygun oluncaya kadar alçak plastik tünel altında
yetiştirilmiştir. Bitkiler 18
kg N da^-1, 20 kg P₂O₅
da^-1 ve 18 kg
K₂O da^-1 olacak şekilde gübrelenmiş, mikro element
gübrelemesi yapılmamıştır. Fosforun tamamı taban gübresi olarak verilirken, N
ve K üç eşit parçaya bölünmüştür. N ve K’ un ilk kısmı taban gübresi olarak
verilmiş, ikinci kısmı dikimden 20 sonra, üçüncü kısım ise dikimden 40 gün
sonra verilmiştir. Deneme tesadüf blokları deneme desenine göre dört yinelemeli
ve her yinelemede 15 bitki olacak şekilde kurulmuştur. Bitkiler 200 x 50 cm
mesafelerle dikilmiş ve damla sulama yöntemiyle sulanmıştır. Bitki besin
elementi analizleri sürgün ucundan sonra tam gelişmiş yedi ve sekizinci
yapraklarda yapılmıştır. Aşılı ve aşısız bitkilerin yapraklarındaki N, P, K ve
Ca açısından bir fark bulunmazken, Mg içerikleri önemli farklılıklar
göstermiştir. Bütün aşılı bitkiler aşısız bitkilerden daha fazla Fe içeriğine
sahip olurken, Cu ve Zn konsantrasyonları anaca bağlı olarak farklılık
göstermiştir. Aşılı bitkiler daha yüksek azot kullanım etkinliği ve verim
değerlerine sahip olmuşlardır. Bu çalışmada kullanılan anaçların bitki besin
elementi alımını teşvik ettiği, bitkisel gelişimi ve verimi artırdığı tespit
edilmiştir.

Keywords

Citrullus lanatus, Aşılama, Bitkisel gelişim, Bitki besin elementi alımı, Verim

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