Kanser Araştırmalarında Proteomiks Teknikler ve Uygulamaları

Year 2017, Volume: 10 Issue: 2, 54 - 61, 01.12.2017

Sevgi Gezici

Abstract

Genomik ve transkriptomik tekniklerdeki ilerlemeler, kanser araştırmalarındakigelişmelere olanak sağlamasına rağmen; günümüzdeproteomiks teknikler,karsinogenezis ve kanserle ilişkili protein paternlerinin tanımlanması hakkında daha kapsamlı bilgi sağlaması bakımından,kanser araştırmalarındason derecekullanışlıve popüler hale gelmiştir. Proteomiks; zaman, yaş, durum ve dış etkenlere bağlı olarak;hücre, organ veya organizmada ifade edilen tüm protein formlarına odaklanmış, genomik ile biyoloji arasında bir köprü olarak önemli rol oynayan ve gerçekte ne olduğu hakkında bilgi sağlayan teknolojiler topluluğudur.Bu nedenle günümüzde, kanser araştırmalarında proteomiks tekniklerin kullanımı yönünde artan bir ilgi söz konusudur.Tek boyutlu (1D) ve iki boyutlu (2D) poliakrilamid jel elektroforezi, ayırıcı jel elektroforezi (DIGE), floresan ayırıcı 2D jel elektroforezi (2D-DIGE), kütle spektrometresine dayalı yöntemler (MALDI-TOF-matriks destekli lazer desorpsiyon/iyonizasyon uçuş zamanı, SELDİ-TOF-yüzey geliştirilmiş lazer desorpsiyon/iyonizasyon uçuş zamanı, ESI-TOF-elektrosprey iyonizasyon uçuş zamanı, tandem kütle spektroskopisi vs.), protein mikroarray, doku mikroarray, hücre kültüründe amino asitler ile izotopik işaretleme (SILAC), izotopla kodlanmış afinite işaretleme (ICAT),göreceli ve mutlak kantitatif izobarik işaretleme (iTRAQ) vs. teknikleri içeren günümüz proteomiks teknolojisi;detaylı proteom analizlerininyapılmasına imkan sunmakta ve aday tümör biyobelirteçlerinin saptanmasında güçlü biyolojik bilgi sağlayarak, kanserin erken teşhisi için olası çözümler sunmaktadır. Bu derlemede, günümüz kanser araştırmalarında kullanılan proteomiks teknolojileri ve uygulamaları özetlenmektedir.

Keywords

Kanser, proteomiks, proteomiks teknolojisi, proteom analizi

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