GEMİ İŞLETMECİLİĞİNDE SATIN ALMANIN YÖNETİMSEL VE OPERASYONEL BOYUTUNUN YARI YAPILANDIRILMIŞ GÖRÜŞMELERLE ANALİZİ

Year 2020, Volume: 12 Issue: 2, 241 - 258, 25.12.2020

Ender Yalçın Özcan Arslan

https://doi.org/10.18613/deudfd.837285

Abstract

Gemiler tarafından ihtiyaç duyulan malzeme taleplerinin alınmasından gemiye ulaştırılmasına kadar geçen süreci kapsayan satınalma, gemi işletmeciliğinin en önemli maliyet bileşenini oluşturmaktadır. Bu sürecin yönetilmesi gemilerin sefer ve liman belirsizliklerinden dolayı oldukça karmaşık olabilmektedir. Bu çalışma da yazarlar, satınalma yönetiminin yönetimsel ve operasyonel boyutlarını analiz etmiştir. Bu amaçla, 15 farklı gemi işletme firmasından 35 satın alma uzmanı ile yarı yapılandırılmış sorular üzerinden görüşmeler gerçekleştirilmiştir. Bu görüşmelerden çıkartılan en bariz bulgu satın alma kararlarında sıklıkla geleneksel yönteme yani tecrübeye başvurulduğu görülmüştür. Gemilerin yoğun programı ve gemi adamlarının yoğun temposu altında gemi stokları düzenli olarak kayıt altına alınamamaktadır. Böylece, karar vericiler, veriye dayalı karar vermekten ziyade tecrübelerine dayanarak karar vermektedir. Araştırmaya katılan denizcilik işletmelerinde, bir satın alma personeli yaklaşık 5 gemi-satın alma sürecinin yönetilmesinden sorumludur. İşletmelerde en az 3 tedarikçiden teklif alma, fiyat-kalite karşılaştırması yapma, uygun fiyatlarla iyi kalite malzeme tedariki yapma, satın alma stratejileri oluşturma ve tedarikçi ağını genişletme gibi sınırlı sayıda satın alma stratejisine başvurulmaktadır.

Keywords

Gemi tedarik zinciri, Satın alma, Yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme, IMPA, Tedarik zinciri yönetimi

ANALYSING OF MANAGERIAL AND OPERATIONAL PERSPECTIVE OF PURCHASING IN SHIP MANAGEMENT WITH SEMI-STRUCTURED INTERVIEWS

Abstract

Purchasing which includes the process from receiving demands by ships until delivery to ship, is an important cost component of ship management. The managing of this process can be complicated due to vaguneness in ship voyages and ports. In this study, authors analysed purchasing management with operational and managerial perspectives. For this aim, interviews with the 35 purchasing experts from 15 different shipping companies have been conducted by using semi-structured questionnaires. The most prominent finding that emerges from the analysis is that the classical method, experience, is still the most applied approach in purchasing decisions. There is no regular record for ship stocks due to hectic ship schedule and workload of seafarers. Therefore, the decision makers apply to their experiences rather than data-driven decisions. In the shipping companies who participated the research, a procurement personnel is responsible for process of average 5 ship. These companies apply to limited purchasing strategies such as receiving at least 3 quotes, making price-quality comparison, procured good quality products with affordable price, establishing purchasing strategies and expanding the supplier network.

Keywords

Ship supply chain, Purchasing, Semi-structured interviews, IMPA, Supply chain management

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