Evaluation of Shear Bond Strengths of Indirect Composite and Ceramic Restorations to Bleached Enamel

Hatice Ağan; Hakan Terzioğlu

Research Article

Evaluation of Shear Bond Strengths of Indirect Composite and Ceramic Restorations to Bleached Enamel

Year 2020, Volume: 6 Issue: 1, 12 - 21, 30.04.2020

Hatice Ağan Hakan Terzioğlu

Abstract

The aim of this study was to determine the shear bond strength of composite resin and lithium disilicate porcelain to bleached enamel 1 day or 2 weeks later using different adhesive resin luting cement.
84 flat enamel surfaces were prepared from freshly extracted non-carious human maxillary permanent incisors using low speed diamond saw. Specimens were randomly assigned to a control group (Group I) and two experimental bleaching groups accoding to the 1st day (Group II) or 2 weeks (Group III) after bleaching treatment with %30 carbamide peroxide (Zaris White&Brite, %30). Each group were divided into four subgroups (n=7); Group A: Specimens were luted to lithium disilicate blocks with light cure resin cement. Group B: Specimens were luted to composite resin blocks with light cure resin cement. Group C:Specimens were luted to lithium disilicate blocks with dual cure resin cement, Group D:Specimens were luted to composite resin blocks with dual cure resin cement. Surface preparations of the specimens and cementation procedure was done due to manufacturer's recommendations. Specimens were thermocycled 1000 times and shear bond strengths were determined using a universal testing machine. The data was evaluated using 3 way ANOVA and Tukey’s HSD tests.
Control group (Group I) demonstrated significantly higher shear bond strength than bleaching groups (Group II & Group III) (p˂0.05). In all subgroups. Group II shows the lowest scores. There were no statistically significant difference found among composite and ceramic material results. But as a luting agent; dual cure resin cement showed statistically significant lower shear bond strength values than light cure resin cement (p˂0.05) .
Bleaching significantly decreased bond strength. Bonding after 2 weeks demonstrated higher bond strengths than after 1 day. There was no statistically significant difference among luting agents in composite groups. Light cured resin cement showed better results than dual cured in ceramic groups.

Keywords

bleaching, carbamide peroxide, shear bond strength, enamel, resin cements

References

1. Kimyai S & Valizadeh H. The effect of hydrogel and solution of sodium ascorbate on bond strength in bleached enamel. Oper Dent 2006; 31(4): 496-9.
2. Christensen GJ. Bleaching teeth: practitioner trends. JADA 1997; (Supplement 128): 16-18.
3.Greenwall L. Bleaching techniques in restorative dentistry . 1st ed., London, Martin Dunitz; 2001. 4. Haywood VB & Heymann HO. Nightguard vital bleaching: How safe is it? Quintessence Int 1991; 22(7): 515-523.
5. Basting RT, Freitas PM, Pimenta LA, Serra MC. Shear bond strength after dentin bleaching with 10% carbamide peroxide agents. Braz Dent J 2004; 18(2): 162-167.
6. Haywood VB. History, safety and effectiveness of current bleaching techniques and applications of the nightguard vital bleaching technique. Quintessence Int 1992; 23(7): 471-88.
7. Kramer IR, McLean JW. Alteration in the staining of dentine resulting from a constituent of a new self polymerizing resin. Br Dent J 1952; 93: 150-153.
8. Buonocore MG. A simple method of increasing the adhesion of acrylic filling materials to enamel surfaces. J Dent Res 1955; 34(6): 849-853.
9. Leirskar J, Nordbø H, Thoresen NR, Henaug T, Von der Fehr FR. A four to six years follow-up of indirect resin composite inlays/onlays. Acta Odontol Scand 2003; 61(4): 247-251.
10. Von MörmannW, Ameye C, Lutz F. Komposit-Inlays: Marginale Adaptation, Randdichtigkeit, Porosität und okklusaler. Verschleiss Dtsch Zahnärztl Z 1982; 37: 438-441.
11. Soares CJ, Soares PV, Pereira JC, Fonseca RB. Surface treatment protocols in the cementation process of ceramic and laboratory-processed composite restorations: a literature review. J Esthet Restor Dent 2005; 17(4): 224-235.
12. Hamlett K. The art of veneer cementation. Alpha Omegan 2009; 102(4): 128-132.
13. Rosenstiel SF, Land MF, Crispin BJ. Dental luting agents: A review of the current literature. J Prosthet Dent 1998; 80(3): 280-301.
14. Lu H, Mehmood A, Chow A, Powers JM. Influence of polymerization mode on flexural properties of esthetic resin luting agents. J Prosthet Dent 2005; 94(6): 549-554.
15. Neumann MG, Miranda WG Jr, Schmitt CC, Rueggeberg FA, Correa IC. Molar extinction coefficients and the photon absorption efficiency of dental photoinitiators and light curing units. J Dent 2005; 33(6): 525-532.
16. Hofmann N, Papsthart G, Hugo B, Klaiber B. Comparison of photo-activation versus chemical or dual-curing of resin-based luting cements regarding flexural strength, modulus and surface hardness. J Oral Rehabil 2001; 28(11): 1022-1028.
17. Ozturk N, Usumez A, Usumez S, Ozturk B. Degree of conversion and surface hardness of resin cement cured with different curing units. Quintessence Int 2005; 36(10): 771- 777.
18. RelyX™ Veneer Cement System Technical Product Profile. Retrived online 6th March 2011 from: http://3mespe.pl/files/infotech/RelyX_Veneer_infotech.pdf
19. RelyX ARC™ Adhesive Resin Cement System. Technical Product Profile. Retrived online 6th March 2011 from: http://multimedia.3m.com/mws/mediawebserver?mwsId=66666UuZjcFSLXTtlxTcmxf6EVuQEcuZgVs6EVs6E666666-- 1 Technical Product Profile.
20. Titley KC, Torneck CD, Smith DC, Chernecky R, Adibfar A. Scanning electron microscopy observations on the penetration and structure of resin tags in bleached and unbleached bovine enamel. J Endod 1991; 17(2): 72-75.
21. Touati B, Aidan N. Second generation laboratory composite resins for indirect restorations. J Esthet Dent 1997; 9(3): 108-118.
22. Homewood C, Tyas M, Woods M. Bonding to previously bleached teeth. Aust Orthod J 2001; 17(1) :27-34.
23. Titley KC, Torneck CD, Smith DC, Applebaum NB. Adhesion of a glass ionomer cement to bleached and unbleached bovine dentin. Endod Dent Traumatol 1989; 5(3): 132-138.
24. Spyrides GM, Perdigão J, Pagani C, Araújo MA, Spyrides SM. Effect of whitening agents on dentin bonding. J Esthet Dent 2000; 12(5): 264-270.
25. Titley KC, Torneck CD, Ruse ND. The effect of carbamide-peroxide gel on the shear bond strength of a microfil resin to bovine enamel. J Dent Res 1992; 71(1): 20-24.
26. Gökçe B, Çömlekoğlu ME, Özpinar B, Türkün M, Kaya AD. Effect of antioxidant treatment on bond strength of a luting resin to bleached enamel. J Dent 2008; 36(10): 780-785.
27. Çömlekoglu ME, Gökce B, Kaya AD, Turkun M, Özpinar B. Reversal of reduced bond strength after bleaching. Gen Dent 2010; 58(3): 258-263.
28. Titley KC, Torneck CD, Smith DC, Adibfar A. Adhesion of composite resin to bleached and unbleached bovine enamel. J Dent Res 1988; 67(12): 1523-1528.
29. Goldstein RE, Garber DA. Complete Dental Bleaching 1st ed., Hong Kong, Quintessence Publishing; 1995.
30. Torneck CD, Titley KC, Smith DC, Adibfar A. The influence of time of hydrogen peroxide exposure on the adhesion of composite resin to bleached bovine enamel. J Endod 1990; 16(3): 123-128.
31. Cvitko E, Denehy GE, Swift EJ Jr, Pires JA. Bond strength of composite resin to enamel bleached with carbamide peroxide. J Esthet Dent 1991; 3(3): 100-102.
32 Wilson D, Xu C, Hong L, Wang Y. Effects of different preparation procedures during tooth whitening on enamel bonding Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Medicine 2009; 20(4): 1001-1007.
33. Stokes AN, Hood JA, Dhariwal D, Patel K. Effect of peroxide bleaches on resin-enamel bonds Quintessence Int 1992; 23(11): 769-771.
34. García-Godoy F, Dodge WW, Donohue M, O'Quinn JA. Composite resin bond strength after enamel bleaching. Oper Dent 1993; 18(4): 144-147.
35. Ben-Amar A, Liberman R, Gorfil C, Bernstein Y. Effect of mouthguard bleaching on enamel surface. American J Dent 1995; 8(1): 29-32.
36. Sung EC, Chan SM, Mito R, Caputo AA. Effect of carbamide peroxide bleaching on the shear bond strength of composite to dental bonding agent enhanced enamel. J Prosthet Dent 1999; 82(5): 595-599.
37. Miles PG, Pontier JP, Bahiraei D, Close J. The effect of carbamide peroxide bleach on the tensile bond strength of ceramic brackets: an in vitro study. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 1994; 106(4): 371-375.
38. Perdigão J, Francci C, Swift EJ Jr, Ambrose WW, Lopes M. Ultra-morphological study of the interaction of dental adhesives with carbamide peroxide-bleached enamel. Am J Dent 1998; 11(6): 291-301. 39. Ruse ND, Smith DC, Torneck CD, Titley KC. Preliminary surface analysis of etched, bleached, and normal bovine enamel. J Dent Res 1990; 69(9): 1610-1613.
40. Josey AL, Meyers IA, Romaniuk K, Symons AL. The effect of a vital bleaching technique on enamel surface morphology and the bonding of composite resin to enamel. J Oral Rehabil 1996; 23(4): 244-250.
41. Attin T, Hannig C, Wiegand A, Attin R. Effect of bleaching on restorative materials and restorations--a systematic review. Dent Mater 2004; 20(9): 852-861.
42. Türkün M, Kaya AD. Effect of 10% sodium ascorbate on the shear bond strength of composite resin to bleached bovine enamel. J Oral Rehabil 2004; 31(12): 1184-1191.
43. Hallett KB, Garcia-Godoy F. Microleakage of resin-modified glass ionomer cement restorations: an in vitro study. Dent Mater 1993; 9(5): 306-311.
44. Kum KY, Lim KR, Lee CY, et all. Effects of removing residual peroxide and other oxygen radicals on the shear bond strength and failure modes at resin-tooth interface after tooth bleaching. Am J Dent 2004; 17(4): 267-270.
45. Swift EJ Jr. Restorative considerations with vital tooth bleaching. JADA1997; (Supplement 128) 60-64.
46. McGuckin RS, Thurmond BA, Osovitz S. Enamel shear bond strengths after vital bleaching. Am J Dent 1992; 5(4): 216-222.
47. Cavalli V, Reis AF, Giannini M, Ambrosano GM. The effect of elapsed time following bleaching on enamel bond strength of resin composite. Oper Dent 2001; 26(6): 597-602.
48. Basting RT, Rodrigues JA, Serra MC, Pimenta LA. Shear bond strength of enamel treated with seven carbamide peroxide bleaching agents. J Esthet Restor Dent 2004; 16(4): 250-259.
49. Yan YL, Kim YK, Kim KH, Kwon TY. Changes in degree of conversion and microhardness of dental resin cements. Oper Dent 2010, 35(2): 203-210.
50. Tay FR, Pashley DH, Yoshiyama M. Two modes of nanoleakage expression in single-step adhesives. J Dent Res 2002; 81(7): 472-476.
51. Pashley DH, Sano H, Ciucchi B, Yoshiyama M, Carvalho RM. Adhesion testing of dentin bonding agents: a review. Dent Mater 1995; 11(2): 117-25.
52. Dündar M, Ozcan M, Gökçe B, Cömlekoğlu E, Leite F, Valandro LF. Comparison of two bond strength testing methodologies for bilayered all-ceramics. Dent Mater 2007; 23(5): 630-636.
53. Rahul M, Kumar PA, Nair AS, Mathew S, Amaladas AS, Ommen A .Effects of at-home and in-office bleaching agents on the shear bond strength of metal, ceramic, and composite brackets to enamel. Indian J Dent Res. 2017; 28(5):566-573.
54. Oztaş E, Bağdelen G, Kiliçoğlu H, Ulukapi H, Aydin I. The effect of enamel bleaching on the shear bond strengths of metal and ceramic brackets. Eur J Orthod. 2012;34(2):232-7.

Indirek Kompozit Ve Seramik Restorasyonların Ağartılmış Mine Yüzeylerine Makaslama Bağlanma Dayanımının Değerlendirilmesi

Year 2020, Volume: 6 Issue: 1, 12 - 21, 30.04.2020

Hatice Ağan Hakan Terzioğlu

Abstract

Bu çalışmanın amacı kompozit rezin ve lityum disilikat esaslı seramiklerin, farklı adeziv rezin simanlar kullanılarak, 1 gün ve 2 hafta sonra ağartılmış mine yüzeyine makaslama bağlanma dayanımının değerlendirilmesidir.
Çürüksüz 84 adet insan üst kesici dişi, düşük devirde aşındırılmış, düz mine yüzeyleri hazırlanmıştır. Örnekler rastgele kontrol grubu (Grup I) ve %30 karbamid peroksit ile ağartma yapılmış deney gruplarına; ağartmadan 1 gün sonra (Grup II), 2 hafta sonra (Grup III) ölçüm yapılmak üzere ayrılmıştır. Her grup kendi içinde dört alt gruba ayrılmıştır (n=7). Örnekler; Grup A:ışıkla sertleşen rezin siman ile lityum disilikat disklere, Grup B: ışıkla sertleşen rezin siman ile kompozit disklere, Grup C: dual-cure rezin siman ile lityumdisilikat disklere, Grup D: dual-cure rezin siman ile kompozit disklere simante edildi. Simantasyon işlemi üretici firmanın önerileri doğrultusunda yapıldı. 1000 ısıl döngü işleminden sonra universal test cihazı ile makaslama bağlanma dayanımı ölçüldü. Sonuçlar 3 yönlü ANOVA VE Tukey’s HSD testi ile değerlendirildi.
Ağartma yapılmış gruplara (Grup II & Grup III) göre; kontrol grubu (Grup I) istatistiksel olarak anlamlı yüksek makaslama bağlanma dayanımı göstermiştir (p˂0,05) Tüm alt gruplarda Grup II en düşük değerleri gösterdi. Kompozit ve seramik grupları arasında anlamlı farklılık görülmedi. Ancak yapıştırıcı ajan olarak dual cure rezin siman, ışıkla sertleşen rezin simandan istatistiksel olarak anlamlı, düşük makaslama bağlanma dayanımı göstermiştir (p˂0,05)
Ağartma istatistiksel olarak bağlanma dayanımını düşürür. Ağartma işleminden 2 hafta sonraki bağlanma kuvveti 1 gün sonrakinden daha yüksektir. Kompozit gruplar arasında bağlanım açısından siman grupları arasında farklılık yoktur. Seramik gruplarda, ışıkla sertleşen rezin siman dual cure simandan daha iyi sonuç vermiştir.

Keywords

ağartma, karbamid peroksit, makaslama dayanımı, mine, rezin siman

References

1. Kimyai S & Valizadeh H. The effect of hydrogel and solution of sodium ascorbate on bond strength in bleached enamel. Oper Dent 2006; 31(4): 496-9.
2. Christensen GJ. Bleaching teeth: practitioner trends. JADA 1997; (Supplement 128): 16-18.
3.Greenwall L. Bleaching techniques in restorative dentistry . 1st ed., London, Martin Dunitz; 2001. 4. Haywood VB & Heymann HO. Nightguard vital bleaching: How safe is it? Quintessence Int 1991; 22(7): 515-523.
5. Basting RT, Freitas PM, Pimenta LA, Serra MC. Shear bond strength after dentin bleaching with 10% carbamide peroxide agents. Braz Dent J 2004; 18(2): 162-167.
6. Haywood VB. History, safety and effectiveness of current bleaching techniques and applications of the nightguard vital bleaching technique. Quintessence Int 1992; 23(7): 471-88.
7. Kramer IR, McLean JW. Alteration in the staining of dentine resulting from a constituent of a new self polymerizing resin. Br Dent J 1952; 93: 150-153.
8. Buonocore MG. A simple method of increasing the adhesion of acrylic filling materials to enamel surfaces. J Dent Res 1955; 34(6): 849-853.
9. Leirskar J, Nordbø H, Thoresen NR, Henaug T, Von der Fehr FR. A four to six years follow-up of indirect resin composite inlays/onlays. Acta Odontol Scand 2003; 61(4): 247-251.
10. Von MörmannW, Ameye C, Lutz F. Komposit-Inlays: Marginale Adaptation, Randdichtigkeit, Porosität und okklusaler. Verschleiss Dtsch Zahnärztl Z 1982; 37: 438-441.
11. Soares CJ, Soares PV, Pereira JC, Fonseca RB. Surface treatment protocols in the cementation process of ceramic and laboratory-processed composite restorations: a literature review. J Esthet Restor Dent 2005; 17(4): 224-235.
12. Hamlett K. The art of veneer cementation. Alpha Omegan 2009; 102(4): 128-132.
13. Rosenstiel SF, Land MF, Crispin BJ. Dental luting agents: A review of the current literature. J Prosthet Dent 1998; 80(3): 280-301.
14. Lu H, Mehmood A, Chow A, Powers JM. Influence of polymerization mode on flexural properties of esthetic resin luting agents. J Prosthet Dent 2005; 94(6): 549-554.
15. Neumann MG, Miranda WG Jr, Schmitt CC, Rueggeberg FA, Correa IC. Molar extinction coefficients and the photon absorption efficiency of dental photoinitiators and light curing units. J Dent 2005; 33(6): 525-532.
16. Hofmann N, Papsthart G, Hugo B, Klaiber B. Comparison of photo-activation versus chemical or dual-curing of resin-based luting cements regarding flexural strength, modulus and surface hardness. J Oral Rehabil 2001; 28(11): 1022-1028.
17. Ozturk N, Usumez A, Usumez S, Ozturk B. Degree of conversion and surface hardness of resin cement cured with different curing units. Quintessence Int 2005; 36(10): 771- 777.
18. RelyX™ Veneer Cement System Technical Product Profile. Retrived online 6th March 2011 from: http://3mespe.pl/files/infotech/RelyX_Veneer_infotech.pdf
19. RelyX ARC™ Adhesive Resin Cement System. Technical Product Profile. Retrived online 6th March 2011 from: http://multimedia.3m.com/mws/mediawebserver?mwsId=66666UuZjcFSLXTtlxTcmxf6EVuQEcuZgVs6EVs6E666666-- 1 Technical Product Profile.
20. Titley KC, Torneck CD, Smith DC, Chernecky R, Adibfar A. Scanning electron microscopy observations on the penetration and structure of resin tags in bleached and unbleached bovine enamel. J Endod 1991; 17(2): 72-75.
21. Touati B, Aidan N. Second generation laboratory composite resins for indirect restorations. J Esthet Dent 1997; 9(3): 108-118.
22. Homewood C, Tyas M, Woods M. Bonding to previously bleached teeth. Aust Orthod J 2001; 17(1) :27-34.
23. Titley KC, Torneck CD, Smith DC, Applebaum NB. Adhesion of a glass ionomer cement to bleached and unbleached bovine dentin. Endod Dent Traumatol 1989; 5(3): 132-138.
24. Spyrides GM, Perdigão J, Pagani C, Araújo MA, Spyrides SM. Effect of whitening agents on dentin bonding. J Esthet Dent 2000; 12(5): 264-270.
25. Titley KC, Torneck CD, Ruse ND. The effect of carbamide-peroxide gel on the shear bond strength of a microfil resin to bovine enamel. J Dent Res 1992; 71(1): 20-24.
26. Gökçe B, Çömlekoğlu ME, Özpinar B, Türkün M, Kaya AD. Effect of antioxidant treatment on bond strength of a luting resin to bleached enamel. J Dent 2008; 36(10): 780-785.
27. Çömlekoglu ME, Gökce B, Kaya AD, Turkun M, Özpinar B. Reversal of reduced bond strength after bleaching. Gen Dent 2010; 58(3): 258-263.
28. Titley KC, Torneck CD, Smith DC, Adibfar A. Adhesion of composite resin to bleached and unbleached bovine enamel. J Dent Res 1988; 67(12): 1523-1528.
29. Goldstein RE, Garber DA. Complete Dental Bleaching 1st ed., Hong Kong, Quintessence Publishing; 1995.
30. Torneck CD, Titley KC, Smith DC, Adibfar A. The influence of time of hydrogen peroxide exposure on the adhesion of composite resin to bleached bovine enamel. J Endod 1990; 16(3): 123-128.
31. Cvitko E, Denehy GE, Swift EJ Jr, Pires JA. Bond strength of composite resin to enamel bleached with carbamide peroxide. J Esthet Dent 1991; 3(3): 100-102.
32 Wilson D, Xu C, Hong L, Wang Y. Effects of different preparation procedures during tooth whitening on enamel bonding Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Medicine 2009; 20(4): 1001-1007.
33. Stokes AN, Hood JA, Dhariwal D, Patel K. Effect of peroxide bleaches on resin-enamel bonds Quintessence Int 1992; 23(11): 769-771.
34. García-Godoy F, Dodge WW, Donohue M, O'Quinn JA. Composite resin bond strength after enamel bleaching. Oper Dent 1993; 18(4): 144-147.
35. Ben-Amar A, Liberman R, Gorfil C, Bernstein Y. Effect of mouthguard bleaching on enamel surface. American J Dent 1995; 8(1): 29-32.
36. Sung EC, Chan SM, Mito R, Caputo AA. Effect of carbamide peroxide bleaching on the shear bond strength of composite to dental bonding agent enhanced enamel. J Prosthet Dent 1999; 82(5): 595-599.
37. Miles PG, Pontier JP, Bahiraei D, Close J. The effect of carbamide peroxide bleach on the tensile bond strength of ceramic brackets: an in vitro study. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 1994; 106(4): 371-375.
38. Perdigão J, Francci C, Swift EJ Jr, Ambrose WW, Lopes M. Ultra-morphological study of the interaction of dental adhesives with carbamide peroxide-bleached enamel. Am J Dent 1998; 11(6): 291-301. 39. Ruse ND, Smith DC, Torneck CD, Titley KC. Preliminary surface analysis of etched, bleached, and normal bovine enamel. J Dent Res 1990; 69(9): 1610-1613.
40. Josey AL, Meyers IA, Romaniuk K, Symons AL. The effect of a vital bleaching technique on enamel surface morphology and the bonding of composite resin to enamel. J Oral Rehabil 1996; 23(4): 244-250.
41. Attin T, Hannig C, Wiegand A, Attin R. Effect of bleaching on restorative materials and restorations--a systematic review. Dent Mater 2004; 20(9): 852-861.
42. Türkün M, Kaya AD. Effect of 10% sodium ascorbate on the shear bond strength of composite resin to bleached bovine enamel. J Oral Rehabil 2004; 31(12): 1184-1191.
43. Hallett KB, Garcia-Godoy F. Microleakage of resin-modified glass ionomer cement restorations: an in vitro study. Dent Mater 1993; 9(5): 306-311.
44. Kum KY, Lim KR, Lee CY, et all. Effects of removing residual peroxide and other oxygen radicals on the shear bond strength and failure modes at resin-tooth interface after tooth bleaching. Am J Dent 2004; 17(4): 267-270.
45. Swift EJ Jr. Restorative considerations with vital tooth bleaching. JADA1997; (Supplement 128) 60-64.
46. McGuckin RS, Thurmond BA, Osovitz S. Enamel shear bond strengths after vital bleaching. Am J Dent 1992; 5(4): 216-222.
47. Cavalli V, Reis AF, Giannini M, Ambrosano GM. The effect of elapsed time following bleaching on enamel bond strength of resin composite. Oper Dent 2001; 26(6): 597-602.
48. Basting RT, Rodrigues JA, Serra MC, Pimenta LA. Shear bond strength of enamel treated with seven carbamide peroxide bleaching agents. J Esthet Restor Dent 2004; 16(4): 250-259.
49. Yan YL, Kim YK, Kim KH, Kwon TY. Changes in degree of conversion and microhardness of dental resin cements. Oper Dent 2010, 35(2): 203-210.
50. Tay FR, Pashley DH, Yoshiyama M. Two modes of nanoleakage expression in single-step adhesives. J Dent Res 2002; 81(7): 472-476.
51. Pashley DH, Sano H, Ciucchi B, Yoshiyama M, Carvalho RM. Adhesion testing of dentin bonding agents: a review. Dent Mater 1995; 11(2): 117-25.
52. Dündar M, Ozcan M, Gökçe B, Cömlekoğlu E, Leite F, Valandro LF. Comparison of two bond strength testing methodologies for bilayered all-ceramics. Dent Mater 2007; 23(5): 630-636.
53. Rahul M, Kumar PA, Nair AS, Mathew S, Amaladas AS, Ommen A .Effects of at-home and in-office bleaching agents on the shear bond strength of metal, ceramic, and composite brackets to enamel. Indian J Dent Res. 2017; 28(5):566-573.
54. Oztaş E, Bağdelen G, Kiliçoğlu H, Ulukapi H, Aydin I. The effect of enamel bleaching on the shear bond strengths of metal and ceramic brackets. Eur J Orthod. 2012;34(2):232-7.

There are 52 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language	English
Subjects	Dentistry
Journal Section	Research Articles
Authors	Hatice Ağan This is me 0000-0002-5287-774X Hakan Terzioğlu This is me 0000-0003-0062-7404
Publication Date	April 30, 2020
Published in Issue	Year 2020 Volume: 6 Issue: 1

Cite

APA	Ağan, H., & Terzioğlu, H. (2020). Evaluation of Shear Bond Strengths of Indirect Composite and Ceramic Restorations to Bleached Enamel. Journal of International Dental Sciences (Uluslararası Diş Hekimliği Bilimleri Dergisi), 6(1), 12-21.
AMA	Ağan H, Terzioğlu H. Evaluation of Shear Bond Strengths of Indirect Composite and Ceramic Restorations to Bleached Enamel. J Int Dent Sci. April 2020;6(1):12-21.
Chicago	Ağan, Hatice, and Hakan Terzioğlu. “Evaluation of Shear Bond Strengths of Indirect Composite and Ceramic Restorations to Bleached Enamel”. Journal of International Dental Sciences (Uluslararası Diş Hekimliği Bilimleri Dergisi) 6, no. 1 (April 2020): 12-21.
EndNote	Ağan H, Terzioğlu H (April 1, 2020) Evaluation of Shear Bond Strengths of Indirect Composite and Ceramic Restorations to Bleached Enamel. Journal of International Dental Sciences (Uluslararası Diş Hekimliği Bilimleri Dergisi) 6 1 12–21.
IEEE	H. Ağan and H. Terzioğlu, “Evaluation of Shear Bond Strengths of Indirect Composite and Ceramic Restorations to Bleached Enamel”, J Int Dent Sci, vol. 6, no. 1, pp. 12–21, 2020.
ISNAD	Ağan, Hatice - Terzioğlu, Hakan. “Evaluation of Shear Bond Strengths of Indirect Composite and Ceramic Restorations to Bleached Enamel”. Journal of International Dental Sciences (Uluslararası Diş Hekimliği Bilimleri Dergisi) 6/1 (April 2020), 12-21.
JAMA	Ağan H, Terzioğlu H. Evaluation of Shear Bond Strengths of Indirect Composite and Ceramic Restorations to Bleached Enamel. J Int Dent Sci. 2020;6:12–21.
MLA	Ağan, Hatice and Hakan Terzioğlu. “Evaluation of Shear Bond Strengths of Indirect Composite and Ceramic Restorations to Bleached Enamel”. Journal of International Dental Sciences (Uluslararası Diş Hekimliği Bilimleri Dergisi), vol. 6, no. 1, 2020, pp. 12-21.
Vancouver	Ağan H, Terzioğlu H. Evaluation of Shear Bond Strengths of Indirect Composite and Ceramic Restorations to Bleached Enamel. J Int Dent Sci. 2020;6(1):12-21.

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