Güçlendirici Liderlik Kavramının Beden Eğitimi ve Spor Öğretmenleri Bağlamında İncelenmesi: Nitel Bir Araştırma

Abstract

Güçlendirme kavramı, özel ve kamu sektörlerindeki organizasyonlarda temel teknolojik ve ticari değişikliklere göre çalışan üretkenliğini artırabilecek bir örgütsel kavrama ihtiyaç duyulması neticesinde ortaya çıkmıştır. Güçlendirme kavramı, yapılan işin sonunda çalışanların faydalı olduklarını hissetmeleri ve yeteneklerini keşfetmeleri olarak ifade edilmektedir. Ayrıca yetki devri/gücü başkalarına (çalışanlara) devretme şeklinde de tanımlanmaktadır. Bu çerçevede, diğer örgütler gibi eğitim örgütleri de dinamik bir yapıya sahiptir. Eğitim-öğretim sürecinde sürekli bir şekilde hareketlilik ve dönüşüm meydana gelmektedir. Dolayısıyla eğitim örgütleri kapsamında okulların örgütsel amaçlara ulaşması amacıyla en önemli faktörlerin güçlü okul liderlerinin ve öğretmenlerin olduğu düşünülmektedir. Bu doğrultuda karmaşık çevre ve örgüt durumlarına bağlı olarak okul müdürlerinin ve öğretmenlerin güçlendirilmesine yönelik bir yönetim anlayışının benimsenmesinin olumlu sonuçlar üretebileceği anlaşılmaktadır. Bu kapsamda öğretmen güçlendirmenin, okulda güçlü ve etkili ekiplerin oluşturulması için mükemmel bir yol olduğu öngörülmektedir. Öğretmen güçlendirme kavramı genellikle, öğretmenlere okullarında öğretme ve öğrenme ile ilgili karar alma süreçlerinde ne ölçüde söz hakkı verildiğini tanımlamak için kullanılmaktadır. Öğretmenlerin güçlendirilmesi, öğretmenlere güç yapılarına dahil olma ve okullarında sorumluluk/öz belirleme duygularını geliştirme fırsatları sağlamayı içermektedir. Öğretmenlik mesleği çerçevesinde beden eğitimi ve spor öğretmenleri; eğitim-öğretim faaliyetlerinde ve öğrencilerin bilişsel, duygusal, sosyal, fizyolojik ve motorik gelişimlerinin (bütünsel gelişim) sağlanmasında benzersiz bir role sahiptir. Buna göre araştırma, güçlendirici liderlik kavramının beden eğitimi ve spor öğretmenleri bağlamında incelenmesi amacıyla gerçekleştirilmiştir. Alanyazın taraması yaklaşımı kullanılan bu nitel araştırmada, ulusal ve uluslararası ilgili birçok yayın incelenmiştir. Bu alanyazın taraması neticesinde, beden eğitimi ve spor öğretmenleri güçlendirildiğinde, çeşitli bireysel ve örgütsel olumlu ürünlere etkin ve verimli bir şekilde ulaşılabildiği sonucuna varılmıştır. Bu nedenle beden eğitimi ve spor öğretmenlerini güçlendirecek davranışların sergilenmesini sağlayacak okul ikliminin oluşturulmasının oldukça önem arz ettiği düşünülmektedir.

Keywords

• Güçlendirme
• Güçlendirici liderlik
• Öğretmen
• Beden eğitimi ve spor öğretmeni
• Öğretmen güçlendirme

Examining the Concept of Empowering Leadership in the Context of Physical Education and Sports Teachers: A Qualitative Research

Abstract

The concept of empowerment emerged due to the need for an organizational concept that could increase employee productivity in response to fundamental technological and commercial changes in organizations in the private and public sectors. The concept of empowerment is expressed as employees feeling useful and discovering their talents at the end of the work done. It is also defined as delegating authority/transferring power to others (employees). In this context, educational organizations, like other organizations, have a dynamic structure. Mobility and transformation constantly occur in the education and training process. Therefore, within the scope of educational organizations, it is thought that the most critical factors for schools to achieve organizational goals are strong school leaders and teachers. In this regard, it is understood that adopting a management approach aimed at empowering school principals and teachers, depending on complex environmental and organizational situations, can produce positive results. In this context, teacher empowerment is predicted to be an excellent way to create strong and effective school teams. Teacher empowerment is often used to describe how teachers are given a say in decision-making processes regarding teaching and learning in their schools. Teacher empowerment involves opportunities for teachers to engage in power structures and develop their sense of responsibility/self-determination in their schools. Within the framework of the teaching profession, physical education and sports teachers have a unique role in educational activities and in ensuring students' cognitive, emotional, social, physiological and motoric development (holistic development). Accordingly, the research was conducted to examine the concept of empowering leadership in the context of physical education and sports teachers. Many relevant national and international publications were examined in this qualitative research using the literature review approach. As a result of this literature review, it was concluded that when physical education and sports teachers are empowered, various positive individual and organizational outcomes can be achieved effectively and efficiently. For this reason, it is thought that it is crucial to create a school climate that will enable physical education and sports teachers to display behaviours that will empower them.

Keywords

• Empowerment
• Empowering leadership
• Teacher
• Physical education and sports teacher
• Teacher empowerment

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