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Çocukluk Çağı Apraksisinin Ayırıcı Tanı Kriterlerinin Değerlendirilmesi

Year 2021, Volume: 4 Issue: 1, 53 - 79, 29.04.2021

Abstract

Amaç: Çocukluk çağı apraksisinin (ÇÇA) tanı kriterlerin geniş bir yelpazeye yayılmış olması, bu bozukluğun ayırıcı tanısını zorlaştırmakta ve fonolojik bozukluk gibi farklı sorunlarla karıştırılmasına sebep olmaktadır. Bu çalışmada ÇÇA tanısında kullanılabilecek ayırtedici özellikleri saptayarak tanı testlerinde yer alması gereken konuşma özelliklerini ortaya koymak amaçlanmıştır. Elde edilen bu veriler aslında ileride oluşturulması planlanan bir değerlendirme ölçeğinin ön verileridir. Yöntem: Belirlenen amaç doğrultusunda literatürde sık rastlanan ayırıcı tanı kriterleri 5 ÇÇA’sı olan, 5 fonolojik bozukluğu (FB) olan ve 5 tipik gelişim gösteren (TGG) çocuklar arasında karşılaştırılmıştır. Tüm katılımcılara Türkçe Erken Dil Gelişim Testi (TEDİL), Sesletim Sesbilgisi Testi (SST) ve araştırmacılar tarafından hazırlanan, ayırıcı tanı kriterlerini değerlendiren kontrol listesi uygulanmıştır. Bulgular: ÇÇA’lı çocuklarla diğer gruplar arasındaki en büyük farklılığın; ünlü hataları, hece vurgusu ve entonasyon hatalarında ortaya çıktığı, bunu tutarsız üretimler ve ötümlüleştirmenin izlediği tespit edilmiştir. Sözce uzadıkça artan hatalar ve izole ünsüz üretimi ÇÇA ve FB gruplarında benzer şekilde seyretmektedir. ÇÇA’lı çocukların spontan ve tekrarlı üretimleri arasında ise fark gözlenmemiştir. Sonuç: Bu araştırmanın sonucunda ünlü hataları, hece vurgusu hataları ve entonasyon hatalarının ÇÇA ve FB arasındaki ayrımı ortaya koymakta diğer sorunlara göre daha belirleyici olduğu kanısına varılmıştır. ÇÇA tanısı koyma iddiasındaki bir testin mutlaka bu sorunları değerlendirme kapasitesinde olması gerektiği düşünülmektedir.

References

  • ASHA (2007). Childhood apraxia of speech [Technical report]. https://www.asha.org/policy/TR2007-00278/
  • Aziz, A. A., Shohdi, S., Osman, D. M. & Habib, E. I. (2010). Childhood apraxia of speech and multiple phonological disorders in cairo-egyptian arabic speaking children: language, speech, and oro-notor difficulties. International Journal of Pediatric Otorhinolaryngology, 74, 578-585.
  • Ballard, K. J., Robin, D. A., McCabe, P., McDonald, J. (2010). A treatment for dysprosody in childhood apraxia of speech. J Speech Lang Hear Res., 53 (5): 1227-1245
  • Biçer, M. (2020). 2-8 yaş arasındaki çocukların fonolojik gelişimlerinin phon yazılımı ile incelenmesi. (Yayınlanmamış yüksek lisans tezi). İstanbul Medipol Üniversitesi.
  • Chenausky, K. V., Brignell, A., Morgan, A., Gagné, D., Norton, A., Tager-Flusberg, H., Schlaug, G., Shield, A. & Green, J., R. (2020). Factor analysis of signs of childhood apraxia of speech. Journal of Communication Disorders, 87, 1-10.
  • Crary, M. A. (1984). Phonological characteristics of developmental verbal dyspraxia. Seminars in Speech and Language, 5(2), 71-83.
  • Crary, M. A., Landess, S. & Towne, R. (1984). Phonological error patterns in developmental verbal dyspraxia. Journal of Clinical Neuropsychology, 6 (2), 157-170.
  • Crosbie, S., Holm A. & Dodd, B. (2005). Intervention for children with severe speech disorder: A comparison of two approaches. International Journal of Language & Communication Disorders, 40 (4), 467-491.
  • Davis, B. L. & MacNeilage, P. F. (1990). Acquisition of correct vowel peoduction: a quantitative case study. Journal of Speech and Hearing Research, 33, 16-27.
  • Davis, B. L., Jacks, A. & Marquardt, T. P. (2005). Vowel patterns in developmental apraxia of speech: three longitudinal case studies. Clinical Linguistics & Phonetics, 19 (4), 249-274.
  • Dodd, B., Holm, A., Crosbie, S., McIntosh, B. (2006). A core vocabulary approach management of inconsistent speech disorder. Advances in Speech-Language Pathology, 8(6), 220-230.
  • Forrest, K. (2003). Diagnostic criteria of developmental apraxia of speech used by clinical speech-language pathologists. American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology, 12, 376-380.
  • Holm, A., Crosbie, S. & Dodd, B. (2007). Differentiating normal variability from inconsistency in children’s speech: normative data. International Journal of Language & Communication Disorders, 42 (4), 467-486.
  • Iuzzini-Seigel, J., Hogan, T. P. & Green, J. R. (2017). Speech inconsistency in children with childhood apraxia of speech, language impairment, and speech delay: depends on stimuli. Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research, 60, 1194-1210.
  • Iuzzini, J. (2012). Inconsistency of speech in children with childhood apraxia of speech, phonological disorders, and typical speech. (Doktora tezi). Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana.
  • Lewis, A. M. (2018). Phonological and speech motor abilities in children with childhood apraxia of speech and phonological disorder. (Doktora tezi). Curtin University.
  • Maassen, B., Groenen, P. & Crul, T. (2003). Auditory and phonetic perception of vowels in children with apraxic speech disorders. Clinical Linguistis & Phonetics, 17 (6), 447-467.
  • Munson, B., Bjorum, E. M., Windsor, J. (2003). Acoustic and perceptual correlates of stress in nonwords produced by children with suspected developmental apraxia of speech and children with phonological disorder. Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research, 46, 189-202.
  • Newmeyer, A. J., Grether, S., Grasha, C., White, J., Akers, R., Aylward, C., Ishikawa, K. & deGrauw, T. (2007). Fine motor function and oral-motor imitation skills in preschool-age children with speech-sound disorders. Clinical Pediatrics, 46(7), 604-611.
  • Pollock, K. E. & Hall, P. K. (1991). An analysis of the vowel misarticulations of five children with developmental apraxia of speech. Clinical Linguistics & Phonetics, 5(3), 207-224.
  • Rose, Y., & Stoel-Gammon, C. (2015). Using phonbank and phon studies of phonological development and disorders. Clinical Linguistics & Phonetics, 29(8-10), 686-700.
  • Selby, J. C., Robb, M. P. & Gilbert, H. R. (2000). Normal vowel articulations between 15 and 36 months of age. Clinical Linguistics & Phonetics, 14 (4), 255-265. Shriberg, L. D., Lohmeier, H. L., Strand, E. A. & Jakielski, K. J. (2012). Encoding, memory, and transcoding deficits in childhood apraxia of speech. Clinical Linguistics & Phonetics, 26(5), 445-482.
  • Stackhouse, J. (1992). Developmental verbal dyspraxia I: A review and critique. European Journal of Disorders of Communication, 27, 19-34.
  • Teverovsky, E. G., Bickel, J. O. & Feldman, H. M. (2009). Functional characteristics of children diagnosed with childhood apraxia of speech. Disability and Rehabilitation, 31(2), 94-102.
  • Topbaş, S. (2017). SST: Türkçe Sesletim-Sesbilgisi Testi Kullanım Yönergesi. T.C.: Detay Yayıncılık.
  • Topbaş, S., & Güven, S. (2013). TEDİL: Türkçe Erken Dil Gelişim Testi Kullanım Klavuzu. T.C.: Detay Yayıncılık
  • Wells, B. & Peppe, S. (2003). Intonation abilities of children with speech and language impairments. Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research, 46, 5-20.

Evaluating the Differential Diagnostic Criteria of Childhood Apraxia of Speech

Year 2021, Volume: 4 Issue: 1, 53 - 79, 29.04.2021

Abstract

Purpose: The fact that the differential diagnosis criteria of childhood apraxia of speech (CAS) can not be determined and these criterias are spread over a wide spectrum, this disorder is hardly differentiated during the evaluation and diagnosis process from other disorders, especially from phonological disorder (PD). Method: In this study, the differential diagnosis criterias that are frequently encountered in the literature were compared among CAS, PD and typical development (TD). Method: In this study Test of Early Language Development (TEDİL-Topbaş & Güven, 2014), Turkish Articulation Test (SET-Topbaş 2005), Auditory Discrimination Test (İAT-Topbaş 2005), and a checklist prepared by the researchers to evaluate the differential diagnosis criterias were applied to 5 CAS, 5 PD and 5 TD children. Results: Although inconsistent production and voicing errors were observed in both CAS and PD, CAS made more mistakes. Errors that increase according to word length and isolated consonant production are similar in both groups. There is no difference between spontaneous and repetitive production of CAS. Vowel errors, syllable stress errors and intonation errors are more common in CAS that other groups. Conclusion: As a result of this research, it was determined that the vowel errors may be effective in revealing distinction between CAS and PD. Syllable stress errors were most common in CAS. Evaluating the severity of inconsistent productions and voicing errors may be effective in distinguishing these two groups from each other. All speech data collected during the research was transferred to PhonBank software and made available to researchers and clinicians.

References

  • ASHA (2007). Childhood apraxia of speech [Technical report]. https://www.asha.org/policy/TR2007-00278/
  • Aziz, A. A., Shohdi, S., Osman, D. M. & Habib, E. I. (2010). Childhood apraxia of speech and multiple phonological disorders in cairo-egyptian arabic speaking children: language, speech, and oro-notor difficulties. International Journal of Pediatric Otorhinolaryngology, 74, 578-585.
  • Ballard, K. J., Robin, D. A., McCabe, P., McDonald, J. (2010). A treatment for dysprosody in childhood apraxia of speech. J Speech Lang Hear Res., 53 (5): 1227-1245
  • Biçer, M. (2020). 2-8 yaş arasındaki çocukların fonolojik gelişimlerinin phon yazılımı ile incelenmesi. (Yayınlanmamış yüksek lisans tezi). İstanbul Medipol Üniversitesi.
  • Chenausky, K. V., Brignell, A., Morgan, A., Gagné, D., Norton, A., Tager-Flusberg, H., Schlaug, G., Shield, A. & Green, J., R. (2020). Factor analysis of signs of childhood apraxia of speech. Journal of Communication Disorders, 87, 1-10.
  • Crary, M. A. (1984). Phonological characteristics of developmental verbal dyspraxia. Seminars in Speech and Language, 5(2), 71-83.
  • Crary, M. A., Landess, S. & Towne, R. (1984). Phonological error patterns in developmental verbal dyspraxia. Journal of Clinical Neuropsychology, 6 (2), 157-170.
  • Crosbie, S., Holm A. & Dodd, B. (2005). Intervention for children with severe speech disorder: A comparison of two approaches. International Journal of Language & Communication Disorders, 40 (4), 467-491.
  • Davis, B. L. & MacNeilage, P. F. (1990). Acquisition of correct vowel peoduction: a quantitative case study. Journal of Speech and Hearing Research, 33, 16-27.
  • Davis, B. L., Jacks, A. & Marquardt, T. P. (2005). Vowel patterns in developmental apraxia of speech: three longitudinal case studies. Clinical Linguistics & Phonetics, 19 (4), 249-274.
  • Dodd, B., Holm, A., Crosbie, S., McIntosh, B. (2006). A core vocabulary approach management of inconsistent speech disorder. Advances in Speech-Language Pathology, 8(6), 220-230.
  • Forrest, K. (2003). Diagnostic criteria of developmental apraxia of speech used by clinical speech-language pathologists. American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology, 12, 376-380.
  • Holm, A., Crosbie, S. & Dodd, B. (2007). Differentiating normal variability from inconsistency in children’s speech: normative data. International Journal of Language & Communication Disorders, 42 (4), 467-486.
  • Iuzzini-Seigel, J., Hogan, T. P. & Green, J. R. (2017). Speech inconsistency in children with childhood apraxia of speech, language impairment, and speech delay: depends on stimuli. Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research, 60, 1194-1210.
  • Iuzzini, J. (2012). Inconsistency of speech in children with childhood apraxia of speech, phonological disorders, and typical speech. (Doktora tezi). Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana.
  • Lewis, A. M. (2018). Phonological and speech motor abilities in children with childhood apraxia of speech and phonological disorder. (Doktora tezi). Curtin University.
  • Maassen, B., Groenen, P. & Crul, T. (2003). Auditory and phonetic perception of vowels in children with apraxic speech disorders. Clinical Linguistis & Phonetics, 17 (6), 447-467.
  • Munson, B., Bjorum, E. M., Windsor, J. (2003). Acoustic and perceptual correlates of stress in nonwords produced by children with suspected developmental apraxia of speech and children with phonological disorder. Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research, 46, 189-202.
  • Newmeyer, A. J., Grether, S., Grasha, C., White, J., Akers, R., Aylward, C., Ishikawa, K. & deGrauw, T. (2007). Fine motor function and oral-motor imitation skills in preschool-age children with speech-sound disorders. Clinical Pediatrics, 46(7), 604-611.
  • Pollock, K. E. & Hall, P. K. (1991). An analysis of the vowel misarticulations of five children with developmental apraxia of speech. Clinical Linguistics & Phonetics, 5(3), 207-224.
  • Rose, Y., & Stoel-Gammon, C. (2015). Using phonbank and phon studies of phonological development and disorders. Clinical Linguistics & Phonetics, 29(8-10), 686-700.
  • Selby, J. C., Robb, M. P. & Gilbert, H. R. (2000). Normal vowel articulations between 15 and 36 months of age. Clinical Linguistics & Phonetics, 14 (4), 255-265. Shriberg, L. D., Lohmeier, H. L., Strand, E. A. & Jakielski, K. J. (2012). Encoding, memory, and transcoding deficits in childhood apraxia of speech. Clinical Linguistics & Phonetics, 26(5), 445-482.
  • Stackhouse, J. (1992). Developmental verbal dyspraxia I: A review and critique. European Journal of Disorders of Communication, 27, 19-34.
  • Teverovsky, E. G., Bickel, J. O. & Feldman, H. M. (2009). Functional characteristics of children diagnosed with childhood apraxia of speech. Disability and Rehabilitation, 31(2), 94-102.
  • Topbaş, S. (2017). SST: Türkçe Sesletim-Sesbilgisi Testi Kullanım Yönergesi. T.C.: Detay Yayıncılık.
  • Topbaş, S., & Güven, S. (2013). TEDİL: Türkçe Erken Dil Gelişim Testi Kullanım Klavuzu. T.C.: Detay Yayıncılık
  • Wells, B. & Peppe, S. (2003). Intonation abilities of children with speech and language impairments. Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research, 46, 5-20.
There are 27 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Health Care Administration
Journal Section Research Article
Authors

Beril Polat

Özlem Ünal Logacev 0000-0002-5509-5655

Publication Date April 29, 2021
Published in Issue Year 2021 Volume: 4 Issue: 1

Cite

APA Polat, B., & Ünal Logacev, Ö. (2021). Evaluating the Differential Diagnostic Criteria of Childhood Apraxia of Speech. Dil Konuşma Ve Yutma Araştırmaları Dergisi, 4(1), 53-79.