ODONTOJENİK KİSTLERİN GÜNCEL SINIFLAMASI, RADYOLOJİK BULGULARI VE TEDAVİ YAKLAŞIMLARI: GELENEKSEL DERLEME

Abstract

Odontojenik kistler, odontojenik epitel kalıntılarından köken alan ve çene kemiklerinde sık görülen patolojik lezyonlardır. Bu lezyonlar gelişimsel veya enflamatuvar kökenli olup klinik, radyolojik, histopatolojik özellikleri ve biyolojik davranışları bakımından farklılık göstermektedir. Güncel Dünya Sağlık Örgütü (WHO) sınıflamasında odontojenik kistler tek başlık altında değerlendirilmekte olup, tanı ve tedavi sürecinde klinik, radyolojik ve histopatolojik bulguların birlikte yorumlanması büyük önem taşımaktadır. Bu derlemede çene kemiklerinde sık görülen odontojenik kistler güncel literatür ışığında ele alınmış; sınıflandırmaları, etiyopatogenezleri, epidemiyolojik özellikleri, klinik ve radyolojik bulguları, histopatolojik özellikleri, ayırıcı tanıları ve güncel tedavi yaklaşımları kapsamlı olarak değerlendirilmiştir. Ayrıca güncel sınıflandırmalarda yer alan değişiklikler ve klinik uygulamaya yansımaları tartışılmıştır. Bu derlemenin, odontojenik kistlerin tanınması, doğru tanının konulması ve uygun tedavi planlamasına katkı sağlayarak klinisyenler için güncel bir başvuru kaynağı oluşturacağı düşünülmektedir.

Keywords

• Ağız patolojisi
• Çene kistleri
• Odontojenik kist
• Radyoloji
• Tedavi.

CURRENT CLASSIFICATION, RADIOLOGICAL FEATURES, AND TREATMENT APPROACHES OF ODONTOGENIC CYSTS: A NARRATIVE REVIEW

Abstract

Odontogenic cysts are pathological lesions originating from odontogenic epithelial remnants and are among the most common lesions affecting the jawbones. These lesions may be developmental or inflammatory in origin and exhibit diverse clinical, radiological, histopathological, and biological characteristics. In the current World Health Organization (WHO) classification, odontogenic cysts are categorized under a single heading, and accurate diagnosis and treatment planning require the integrated evaluation of clinical, radiological, and histopathological findings. This review comprehensively summarizes the current literature on the most common odontogenic cysts of the jaws, focusing on their classification, etiopathogenesis, epidemiology, clinical and radiological features, histopathological characteristics, differential diagnosis, and contemporary treatment approaches. In addition, recent changes in the WHO classification and their implications for clinical practice are discussed. This review aims to provide clinicians with an up-to-date reference that may contribute to the recognition of odontogenic cysts, accurate diagnosis, and appropriate treatment planning.

Keywords

• Oral pathology
• Jaw cysts
• Odontogenic cyst
• Radiology
• Treatment.

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