Complications and risks of orthodontic treatment

Abstract

Orthodontic treatment increases the quality of life of the patients by increasing mastication, phonation and facial aesthetics as well as providing proper dental and skeletal relationship. Although the possibility of harming the patient in orthodontic treatment is lower compared to other areas, there are some risks and complications. Undesirable local (coloration, root resorption, decalcification, periodontal complications) or systemic (allergic reactions, chronic fatigue syndrome) side effects may be observed as a result of the procedures applied during the treatment, the devices and materials used. The appliances used in fixed orthodontic treatment make it difficult for patients to continue their oral hygiene procedures and increase the possibility of demineralized areas on the tooth surfaces. Another common side effect of orthodontic treatment is root resorption due to force and tooth movement. In order to reduce the frequency and severity of complications related to orthodontic treatment, a special treatment plan should be made for each case and the characteristics of the patient should be taken into consideration during the treatment. Based on a review of the literature, the present article provides information about the risks and possible complications of orthodontic treatment.

Keywords

• Root resorption
• Demineralisation
• Complications

Ortodontik tedavinin komplikasyonları ve riskleri

Abstract

Ortodontik tedavi, düzgün dental ve iskeletsel ilişkinin sağlanmasının yanısıra, çiğneme, fonasyon ve yüz estetiğini arttırarak bireyin yaşam kalitesini de arttırmaktadır. Ortodontik tedavide hastaya zarar verme olasılığı diğer alanlara göre düşük de olsa, bazı riskleri ve komplikasyonları bulunmaktadır. Tedavi sırasında uygulanan prosedürler, kullanılan aletler ve materyaller sonucunda istenmeyen lokal (renklenme, kök rezorpsiyonu, dekalsifikasyon, periodontal komplikasyonlar) veya sistemik (alerjik reaksiyonlar, kronik yorgunluk sendromu) yan etkiler gözlenebilir. Sabit ortodontik tedavide kullanılan apareyler, hastaların oral hijyen prosedürlerini devam ettirmesini zorlaştırmakta ve bu hastalarda diş yüzeylerinde demineralize alanların görülme olasılığını arttırmaktadır. Ortodontik tedavinin sık görülen diğer bir yan etkisi de, kuvvete ve diş hareketine bağlı gelişen kök rezorpsiyonudur. Ortodontik tedaviye bağlı komplikasyonların sıklığını ve şiddetini azaltabilmek için her vakaya özel tedavi planı yapılmalı ve tedavi uygulanırken hastaya ait özellikler göz önünde bulundurulmalıdır. Literatür taramasına dayanarak, bu makale ortodontik tedavinin riskleri ve olası komplikasyonları hakkında bilgi vermektedir.

Keywords

• Kök rezorpsiyonu
• Demineralizasyon
• Komplikasyonlar

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