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Pediatric Zirconia Crowns: A literature review

Year 2024, Volume: 6 Issue: 2, 86 - 96, 30.06.2024

Abstract

Early childhood caries remains a problem that needs to be addressed by pediatric dentists and is a frequently encountered clinical situation. Zirconium-supported restorations, a material frequently used in adult dentistry practices, have also been used in pediatric dentistry practice in recent years. Prefabricated pediatric zirconium crowns (PZCs) are used as alternatives to stainless steel crowns (SCCs), which are widely used in pediatric dentistry because of their insufficient aesthetic properties. PZCs have superior aesthetic and physical properties and high biocompatibility. Full coronal restorations are preferred, especially in cases where it is not possible to compensate for the loss of material in the tooth with traditional methods, and are aimed at increasing the structural strength of the tooth. PZCs have found clinical use in pediatric dentistry applications due to their durability and hardness resistance against forces and being an aesthetic material compatible with tooth color. In this review, the introduction of PZCs in clinical use, their physical properties, application principles, parental satisfaction, relationship with surrounding tissues, importance of microleakage in long-term success, and current clinical and laboratory studies are included.

References

  • 1. Piconi C, Maccauro G. Zirconia as a ceramic biomaterial. Biomaterials. 1999;20(1):1–25.
  • 2. Conrad HJ, Seong WJ, Pesun IJ. Current ceramic materials and systems with clinical recommendations: a systematic review. J Prosthet Dent. 2007;98(5):389–404.
  • 3. Al Shobber MZ, Alkhadra TA. Fracture resistance of different primary anterior esthetic crowns. Saudi Dent J. 2017;29(4):179-84.
  • 4. Tote J, Gadhane A, Das G, Soni S, Jaiswal K, Vidhale G. Posterior esthetic crowns in peadiatric dentistry. Int J Dent Med Res. 2015;1(6):197–201.
  • 5. Denry I, Kelly JR. State of the art of zirconia for dental applications. Dental materials. 2008;24(3):299–307.
  • 6. Babaji P. (2015), Crowns in pediatric dentistry. New Delhi: Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers.
  • 7. EZCrowns 2023. Available from: https://sprigusa.com/ezcrowns/
  • 8. NuSmile 2023. Available from: https://nusmile.com/pages/nusmile-zr-primary
  • 9. Kinder Krowns 2023. Available from: https://www.kinderkrowns.com/zirconia%20pediatric%20crowns/
  • 10. Waggoner WF. Restoring primary anterior teeth: updated for 2014. Pediatr Dent. 2015;37(2):163–70.
  • 11. Holsinger DM, Wells MH, Scarbecz M, Donaldson M. Clinical evaluation and parental satisfaction with pediatric zirconia anterior crowns. Pediatr Dent. 2016;38(3):192–7.
  • 12. Townsend JA, Knoell P, Yu Q. In vitro fracture resistance of three commercially available zirconia crowns for primary molars. Pediatr Dent. 2014;36(5):125-9.
  • 13. Clark L, Wells MH, Harris EF, Lou J. Comparison of amount of primary tooth reduction required for anterior and posterior zirconia and stainless steel crowns. Pediatr Dent. 2016;38(1):42–6.
  • 14. Garg V, Panda A, Shah J, Panchal P. Crowns in pediatric dentistry: A review. Journal of Advanced Medical and Dental Sciences Research. 2016;4(2):41.
  • 15. Cohn C. Zirconia-Prefabricated Crowns for Pediatric Patients With Primary Dentition: Technique and Cementation for Esthetic Outcomes. Compend Contin Educ Dent. 2016;37(8):554-8.
  • 16. Taran PK, Kaya MS. A comparison of periodontal health in primary molars restored with prefabricated stainless steel and zirconia crowns. Pediatr Dent. 2018;40(5):334–9.
  • 17. Uludamar A, Aygün Ş, Özkan Y. Tam Seramik Restorasyonların Simantasyonu. Atatürk Üniversitesi Diş Hekimliği Fakültesi Dergisi. 2011(2):150–62.
  • 18. Sahana S, Vasa AA, Sekhar R, Prasad K. Esthetic crowns for primary teeth: A review. Ann Essences Dent. 2010;2(2):87–93.
  • 19. Kern M, Wegner SM. Bonding to zirconia ceramic: adhesion methods and their durability. Dental materials. 1998;14(1):64–71.
  • 20. Kachhara S, Ariga P, Jain AR. Recommended cementation for monolithic zirconia crowns. Drug Invention Today. 2018;10(4):566–8.
  • 21. Aksoy İ, Varol S, Özkan Y. Zirkonyum Restorasyonların Simantasyonu. Atatürk Üniversitesi Diş Hekimliği Fakültesi Dergisi. 2012(Supplement 6):124–31.
  • 22. Stepp P, Morrow BR, Wells M, Tipton DA, Garcia-Godoy F. Microleakage of cements in prefabricated zirconia crowns. Pediatr Dent. 2018;40(2):136–9.
  • 23. Piwowarczyk A, Lauer HC, Sorensen JA. The shear bond strength between luting cements and zirconia ceramics after two pre-treatments. Oper Dent. 2005;30(3):382-8.
  • 24. Gargari M, Gloria F, Napoli E, Pujia AM. Zirconia: cementation of prosthetic restorations. Literature review. Oral Implantol (Rome). 2010;3(4):25-9.
  • 25. Mitra SB. Adhesion to dentin and physical properties of a light-cured glass-ionomer liner/base. J Dent Res. 1991;70(1):72–4.
  • 26. Nothdurft FP, Pospiech PR. Clinical evaluation of pulpless teeth restored with conventionally cemented zirconia posts: a pilot study. J Prosthet Dent. 2006;95(4):311–4.
  • 27. Hill EE, Lott J. A clinically focused discussion of luting materials. Aust Dent J. 2011;56:67–76.
  • 28. Diaz-Arnold AM, Vargas MA, Haselton DR. Current status of luting agents for fixed prosthodontics. J Prosthet Dent. 1999;81(2):135–41.
  • 29. Piwowarczyk A, Lauer HC, Sorensen J. In vitro shear bond strength of cementing agents to fixed prosthodontic restorative materials. J Prosthet Dent. 2004;92(3):265–73.
  • 30. El-Badrawy WA, El-Mowafy OM. Chemical versus dual curing of resin inlay cements. J Prosthet Dent. 1995;73(6):515–24.
  • 31. Peumans M, Van Meerbeek B, Lambrechts P, Vanherle G. Porcelain veneers: a review of the literature. J Dent. 2000;28(3):163–77.
  • 32. Myers ML, Caughman WF, Rueggeberg FA. Effect of restoration composition, shade, and thickness on the cure of a photoactivated resin cement. Journal of Prosthodontics. 1994;3(3):149–57.
  • 33. Salz U, Zimmermann J, Salzer T. Self-curing, self-etching adhesive cement systems. J Adhes Dent. 2005;7(1):7-17.
  • 34. Palacios RP, Johnson GH, Phillips KM, Raigrodski AJ. Retention of zirconium oxide ceramic crowns with three types of cement. J Prosthet Dent. 2006;96(2):104–14.
  • 35. Gherlone E, Mandelli F, Capparè P, Pantaleo G, Traini T, Ferrini F. A 3 years retrospective study of survival for zirconia-based single crowns fabricated from intraoral digital impressions. J Dent. 2014;42(9):1151–5.
  • 36. Waggoner WF. Restoring primary anterior teeth. Pediatr Dent. 2002;24(5):511–516.
  • 37. Chang B, Goldstein R, Lin CP, Byreddy S, Lawson NC. Microleakage around zirconia crown margins after ultrasonic scaling with self‐adhesive resin or resin modified glass ionomer cement. Journal of Esthetic and Restorative Dentistry. 2018;30(1):73–80.
  • 38. Alkac B. Prefabrı̇ke Zı̇rkonya Kronlarda Kullanılan Farklı Sı̇mantasyon Materyallerı̇nı̇n Mı̇krosızıntısının Değerlendı̇rı̇lmesı̇. Kırıkkale: Kırıkkale University; 2021.
  • 39. Albert FE, El-Mowafy OM. Marginal adaptation and microleakage of Procera AllCeram crowns with four cements. Int J Prosthodont. 2004;17(5):529-35.
  • 40. Newcomb GM. The relationship between the location of subgingival crown margins and gingival inflammation. J Periodontol. 1974;45(3):151–4.
  • 41. Develioglu H, Kesim B, Tuncel A. Evaluation of the marginal gingival health using laser Doppler flowmetry. Braz Dent J. 2006;17:219–2.
  • 42. Go H, Park H, Lee J, Seo H, Lee S. Effect of various polishing burs on surface roughness and bacterial adhesion in pediatric zirconia crowns. Dent Mater J. 2019;38(2):311–6.
  • 43. Mathew MG, Samuel SR, Soni AJ, Roopa KB. Evaluation of adhesion of Streptococcus mutans, plaque accumulation on zirconia and stainless steel crowns, and surrounding gingival inflammation in primary molars: Randomized controlled trial. Clin Oral Investig. 2020;24:3275–80.
  • 44. Donly KJ, Sasa I, Contreras CI, Mendez MJC. Prospective randomized clinical trial of primary molar crowns: 24-month results. Pediatr Dent. 2018;40(4):253–8.
  • 45. Ağmaz O. Süt Dişlerine Uygulanan Zirkonyum Ve Paslanmaz Çelik Kron Restorasyonlarda Aşınma, Dişeti Sağlığı Ve Veli Memnuniyetinin Değerlendirilmesi. Konya: Necmettin Erbakan University; 2020.
  • 46. Gill A, Garcia M, Won An S, Scott J, Seminario AL. Clinical Comparison of three esthetic full-coverage restorations in primary maxillary incisors at 12 months. Pediatr Dent. 2020;42(5):367–72.
  • 47. Zimmerman JA, Feigal RJ, Till MJ, Hodges JS. Parental attitudes on restorative materials as factors influencing current use in pediatric dentistry. Pediatr Dent. 2009;31(1):63–70.
  • 48. Pani SC, Saffan AA, AlHobail S, Bin Salem F, AlFuraih A, AlTamimi M. Esthetic Concerns and Acceptability of Treatment Modalities in Primary Teeth: A Comparison between Children and Their Parents. Int J Dent. 2016;2016:3163904.
  • 49. Seminario AL, Garcia M, Spiekerman C, Rajanbabu P, Donly KJ, Harbert P. Survival of zirconia crowns in primary maxillary incisors at 12-, 24-and 36-month follow-up. Pediatr Dent. 2019;41(5):385–90.

Pediyatrik Zirkonya Kronlar: Bir literatür derlemesi

Year 2024, Volume: 6 Issue: 2, 86 - 96, 30.06.2024

Abstract

Erken çocukluk çağı çürükleri (EÇÇ), klinikte sıklıkla karşılaşılan ve çocuk diş hekimleri tarafından ele alınması gereken bir sorun olmaya devam etmektedir. Erişkin diş hekimliği uygulamalarında sıklıkla kullanılan bir materyal olan zirkonyum destekli restorasyonlar son yıllarda çocuk diş hekimliği pratiğinde özellikle EÇÇ’nin yönetilmesinde sıkça kullanılmaktadır. Prefabrik pediatrik zirkonyum kronlar (PZK), yetersiz estetik özellikleri nedeniyle çocuk diş hekimliğinde yaygın olarak kullanılan paslanmaz çelik kronlara (PÇK) alternatif olarak ortaya çıkmıştır. PZK'lar üstün estetik görünüme, fiziksel özelliklere ve yüksek biyouyumluluğa sahiptir. Tam koronal restorasyonlar özellikle dişteki madde kaybını geleneksel yöntemlerle telafi etmenin mümkün olmadığı durumlarda tercih edilmekte ve dişin yapısal dayanımının arttırılması amaçlanmaktadır. Dayanıklılığı, kuvvetlere karşı dirençleri ve diş rengi ile uyumlu estetik bir materyal olmaları nedeniyle pediyatrik diş hekimliği uygulamalarında klinik kullanım alanı bulmuştur. Bu derlemede PZK'ların klinik kullanıma girişi, fiziksel özellikleri, uygulama ilkeleri, ebeveyn memnuniyeti, çevre dokularla ilişkisi, uzun dönem başarıda mikrosızıntının önemi, güncel klinik ve laboratuvar çalışmalarına yer verilmiştir.

References

  • 1. Piconi C, Maccauro G. Zirconia as a ceramic biomaterial. Biomaterials. 1999;20(1):1–25.
  • 2. Conrad HJ, Seong WJ, Pesun IJ. Current ceramic materials and systems with clinical recommendations: a systematic review. J Prosthet Dent. 2007;98(5):389–404.
  • 3. Al Shobber MZ, Alkhadra TA. Fracture resistance of different primary anterior esthetic crowns. Saudi Dent J. 2017;29(4):179-84.
  • 4. Tote J, Gadhane A, Das G, Soni S, Jaiswal K, Vidhale G. Posterior esthetic crowns in peadiatric dentistry. Int J Dent Med Res. 2015;1(6):197–201.
  • 5. Denry I, Kelly JR. State of the art of zirconia for dental applications. Dental materials. 2008;24(3):299–307.
  • 6. Babaji P. (2015), Crowns in pediatric dentistry. New Delhi: Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers.
  • 7. EZCrowns 2023. Available from: https://sprigusa.com/ezcrowns/
  • 8. NuSmile 2023. Available from: https://nusmile.com/pages/nusmile-zr-primary
  • 9. Kinder Krowns 2023. Available from: https://www.kinderkrowns.com/zirconia%20pediatric%20crowns/
  • 10. Waggoner WF. Restoring primary anterior teeth: updated for 2014. Pediatr Dent. 2015;37(2):163–70.
  • 11. Holsinger DM, Wells MH, Scarbecz M, Donaldson M. Clinical evaluation and parental satisfaction with pediatric zirconia anterior crowns. Pediatr Dent. 2016;38(3):192–7.
  • 12. Townsend JA, Knoell P, Yu Q. In vitro fracture resistance of three commercially available zirconia crowns for primary molars. Pediatr Dent. 2014;36(5):125-9.
  • 13. Clark L, Wells MH, Harris EF, Lou J. Comparison of amount of primary tooth reduction required for anterior and posterior zirconia and stainless steel crowns. Pediatr Dent. 2016;38(1):42–6.
  • 14. Garg V, Panda A, Shah J, Panchal P. Crowns in pediatric dentistry: A review. Journal of Advanced Medical and Dental Sciences Research. 2016;4(2):41.
  • 15. Cohn C. Zirconia-Prefabricated Crowns for Pediatric Patients With Primary Dentition: Technique and Cementation for Esthetic Outcomes. Compend Contin Educ Dent. 2016;37(8):554-8.
  • 16. Taran PK, Kaya MS. A comparison of periodontal health in primary molars restored with prefabricated stainless steel and zirconia crowns. Pediatr Dent. 2018;40(5):334–9.
  • 17. Uludamar A, Aygün Ş, Özkan Y. Tam Seramik Restorasyonların Simantasyonu. Atatürk Üniversitesi Diş Hekimliği Fakültesi Dergisi. 2011(2):150–62.
  • 18. Sahana S, Vasa AA, Sekhar R, Prasad K. Esthetic crowns for primary teeth: A review. Ann Essences Dent. 2010;2(2):87–93.
  • 19. Kern M, Wegner SM. Bonding to zirconia ceramic: adhesion methods and their durability. Dental materials. 1998;14(1):64–71.
  • 20. Kachhara S, Ariga P, Jain AR. Recommended cementation for monolithic zirconia crowns. Drug Invention Today. 2018;10(4):566–8.
  • 21. Aksoy İ, Varol S, Özkan Y. Zirkonyum Restorasyonların Simantasyonu. Atatürk Üniversitesi Diş Hekimliği Fakültesi Dergisi. 2012(Supplement 6):124–31.
  • 22. Stepp P, Morrow BR, Wells M, Tipton DA, Garcia-Godoy F. Microleakage of cements in prefabricated zirconia crowns. Pediatr Dent. 2018;40(2):136–9.
  • 23. Piwowarczyk A, Lauer HC, Sorensen JA. The shear bond strength between luting cements and zirconia ceramics after two pre-treatments. Oper Dent. 2005;30(3):382-8.
  • 24. Gargari M, Gloria F, Napoli E, Pujia AM. Zirconia: cementation of prosthetic restorations. Literature review. Oral Implantol (Rome). 2010;3(4):25-9.
  • 25. Mitra SB. Adhesion to dentin and physical properties of a light-cured glass-ionomer liner/base. J Dent Res. 1991;70(1):72–4.
  • 26. Nothdurft FP, Pospiech PR. Clinical evaluation of pulpless teeth restored with conventionally cemented zirconia posts: a pilot study. J Prosthet Dent. 2006;95(4):311–4.
  • 27. Hill EE, Lott J. A clinically focused discussion of luting materials. Aust Dent J. 2011;56:67–76.
  • 28. Diaz-Arnold AM, Vargas MA, Haselton DR. Current status of luting agents for fixed prosthodontics. J Prosthet Dent. 1999;81(2):135–41.
  • 29. Piwowarczyk A, Lauer HC, Sorensen J. In vitro shear bond strength of cementing agents to fixed prosthodontic restorative materials. J Prosthet Dent. 2004;92(3):265–73.
  • 30. El-Badrawy WA, El-Mowafy OM. Chemical versus dual curing of resin inlay cements. J Prosthet Dent. 1995;73(6):515–24.
  • 31. Peumans M, Van Meerbeek B, Lambrechts P, Vanherle G. Porcelain veneers: a review of the literature. J Dent. 2000;28(3):163–77.
  • 32. Myers ML, Caughman WF, Rueggeberg FA. Effect of restoration composition, shade, and thickness on the cure of a photoactivated resin cement. Journal of Prosthodontics. 1994;3(3):149–57.
  • 33. Salz U, Zimmermann J, Salzer T. Self-curing, self-etching adhesive cement systems. J Adhes Dent. 2005;7(1):7-17.
  • 34. Palacios RP, Johnson GH, Phillips KM, Raigrodski AJ. Retention of zirconium oxide ceramic crowns with three types of cement. J Prosthet Dent. 2006;96(2):104–14.
  • 35. Gherlone E, Mandelli F, Capparè P, Pantaleo G, Traini T, Ferrini F. A 3 years retrospective study of survival for zirconia-based single crowns fabricated from intraoral digital impressions. J Dent. 2014;42(9):1151–5.
  • 36. Waggoner WF. Restoring primary anterior teeth. Pediatr Dent. 2002;24(5):511–516.
  • 37. Chang B, Goldstein R, Lin CP, Byreddy S, Lawson NC. Microleakage around zirconia crown margins after ultrasonic scaling with self‐adhesive resin or resin modified glass ionomer cement. Journal of Esthetic and Restorative Dentistry. 2018;30(1):73–80.
  • 38. Alkac B. Prefabrı̇ke Zı̇rkonya Kronlarda Kullanılan Farklı Sı̇mantasyon Materyallerı̇nı̇n Mı̇krosızıntısının Değerlendı̇rı̇lmesı̇. Kırıkkale: Kırıkkale University; 2021.
  • 39. Albert FE, El-Mowafy OM. Marginal adaptation and microleakage of Procera AllCeram crowns with four cements. Int J Prosthodont. 2004;17(5):529-35.
  • 40. Newcomb GM. The relationship between the location of subgingival crown margins and gingival inflammation. J Periodontol. 1974;45(3):151–4.
  • 41. Develioglu H, Kesim B, Tuncel A. Evaluation of the marginal gingival health using laser Doppler flowmetry. Braz Dent J. 2006;17:219–2.
  • 42. Go H, Park H, Lee J, Seo H, Lee S. Effect of various polishing burs on surface roughness and bacterial adhesion in pediatric zirconia crowns. Dent Mater J. 2019;38(2):311–6.
  • 43. Mathew MG, Samuel SR, Soni AJ, Roopa KB. Evaluation of adhesion of Streptococcus mutans, plaque accumulation on zirconia and stainless steel crowns, and surrounding gingival inflammation in primary molars: Randomized controlled trial. Clin Oral Investig. 2020;24:3275–80.
  • 44. Donly KJ, Sasa I, Contreras CI, Mendez MJC. Prospective randomized clinical trial of primary molar crowns: 24-month results. Pediatr Dent. 2018;40(4):253–8.
  • 45. Ağmaz O. Süt Dişlerine Uygulanan Zirkonyum Ve Paslanmaz Çelik Kron Restorasyonlarda Aşınma, Dişeti Sağlığı Ve Veli Memnuniyetinin Değerlendirilmesi. Konya: Necmettin Erbakan University; 2020.
  • 46. Gill A, Garcia M, Won An S, Scott J, Seminario AL. Clinical Comparison of three esthetic full-coverage restorations in primary maxillary incisors at 12 months. Pediatr Dent. 2020;42(5):367–72.
  • 47. Zimmerman JA, Feigal RJ, Till MJ, Hodges JS. Parental attitudes on restorative materials as factors influencing current use in pediatric dentistry. Pediatr Dent. 2009;31(1):63–70.
  • 48. Pani SC, Saffan AA, AlHobail S, Bin Salem F, AlFuraih A, AlTamimi M. Esthetic Concerns and Acceptability of Treatment Modalities in Primary Teeth: A Comparison between Children and Their Parents. Int J Dent. 2016;2016:3163904.
  • 49. Seminario AL, Garcia M, Spiekerman C, Rajanbabu P, Donly KJ, Harbert P. Survival of zirconia crowns in primary maxillary incisors at 12-, 24-and 36-month follow-up. Pediatr Dent. 2019;41(5):385–90.
There are 49 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Paedodontics
Journal Section Pediatric Dentistry
Authors

İrem Okumuş 0000-0003-1471-4605

Semih Ercan Akgün 0000-0001-7266-8593

Bahar Tekin 0009-0008-2539-5551

Derya Guler 0000-0002-9531-375X

Publication Date June 30, 2024
Submission Date August 17, 2023
Published in Issue Year 2024 Volume: 6 Issue: 2

Cite

Vancouver Okumuş İ, Akgün SE, Tekin B, Guler D. Pediatric Zirconia Crowns: A literature review. Dent & Med J - R. 2024;6(2):86-9.




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