Systematic Reviews and Meta Analysis
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TREATMENT OF THUMB SUCKING HABIT IN CHILDREN

Year 2025, Volume: 7 Issue: 1, 14 - 22, 07.03.2025

Abstract

Thumb-sucking is often associated with various physiological and psychological factors, such as hunger, stress, hyperactivity, and the irritation caused by teething. The negative impacts of thumb-sucking on oral structures vary depending on the duration, intensity, and frequency of the habit. Prolonged thumb-sucking can lead to dental malocclusions such as protrusion, retrusion, open bite, and jaw misalignment.
Treatment approaches differ based on the child’s age, the severity of the habit, and the child’s level of motivation. Methods include counseling, reminder therapy, reward systems, physical deterrents, and orthodontic appliance use. Orthodontic devices such as palatal crib, quad helix, and bluegrass appliances provide effective solutions for treating thumb-sucking habits. Additionally, stress factors and family dynamics should be considered during the treatment process. This study examines the causes, effects, and treatment methods of thumb-sucking habits commonly observed in children.

References

  • 1. Borrie FR, Bearn DR, Innes NP, Iheozor-Ejiofor Z. Interventions for the cessation of non-nutritive sucking habits in children. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2015 Mar 31;2015(3):CD008694.
  • 2. Bishara SE, Warren JJ, Broffitt B, Levy SM. Changes in the prevalence of nonnutritive sucking patterns in the first 8 years of life. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2006;130(1):31-36. doi:10.1016/j.ajodo.2004.11.033
  • 3. Bengi AO, Karacay S, Güven G. A unique treatment of finger-sucking habit in children with mental retardation: report of 2 cases. Quintessence Int. 2007;38(3):e158-e163.
  • 4. Proffit W, Sarver DM, Fields HW. Contemporary Orthodontics. 2012;5th Edition.
  • 5. Doğramacı EJ, Rossi-Fedele G. Establishing the association between nonnutritive sucking behavior and malocclusions: A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Am Dent Assoc. 016;147(12):926-934.e6. doi:10.1016/j.adaj.2016.08.018
  • 6. Ülgen M. Anomaliler, Sefalometri, Etiyoloji, Büyüme ve Gelişim, Tanı. 2001;184–9.
  • 7. Nowak AJ, Christensen JR, Mabry TR, Townsend JA, Wells MH. Pediatric Dentistry, Infancy Throught Adoleslence. 2019;6th Edition.
  • 8. Ülgen M. Ortodonti, Anomaliler, Sefalometri, Etioloji, Büyüme ve Gelişim, Tanı. Yeditepe Üniversitesi Yayınları. 2000;185-189.
  • 9. Mason RM. Myths that persist about orofacial myology. Int J Orafacial Myology. 2011;37:26-38.
  • 10. Ülgen M. Ortodonti Tedavi Prensipleri. Dicle Üniversitesi Diş Hekimliği Fakültesi Yayınları. 1986;135–136.
  • 11. AlEmran SE. A new method in reminder therapy technique for ceasing digit sucking habit in children. J Clin Pediatr Dent. 2000;24(4):261-263. doi:10.17796/jcpd.24.4.c303020414023862
  • 12. Adair SM. The Ace Bandage Approach to digit-sucking habits. American Academic of Pediatric Dentistry. 1999;451–2.
  • 13. Kurol J, Rasmussen P. Occlusal development, preventive and interceptive orthodontics. In Koch G, Poulsen S editors. Pediatric Dentistry A Clinical Approach. 2nd. ed. Copenhagen: Blackwell Munksgaard; 2003.p.321-349.
  • 14. Bengi AO, Karacay S, Güven G. A unique treatment of finger-sucking habit in children with mental retardation: report of 2 cases. Quintessence Int. 2007;38(3):e158-e163.
  • 15. Accreditation for Thumbsie® | Oral Health Foundation [Internet]. [cited 2024 Mar 17]. Available from: https://thumbsie.co.uk/accreditation/
  • 16. Shetty RM, Dixit U, Hegde R, Shivprakash PK. RURS' elbow guard: an innovative treatment of the thumb-sucking habit in a child with Hurler's syndrome. J Indian Soc Pedod Prev Dent. 2010;28(3):212-218. doi:10.4103/0970-4388.73796
  • 17. Shetty RM, Shetty M, Shetty NS, Deoghare A. Three-Alarm System: Revisited to treat Thumb-sucking Habit. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent. 2015;8(1):82-86. doi:10.5005/jp-journals-10005-1289
  • 18. Haryett RD, Hansen FC, Davidson PO. Chronic thumb-sucking: A second report on treatment and its psychological effects. Am J Orthod. 1970 Feb 1;57(2):164–78.
  • 19. Greenleaf S, Mink J. A retrospective study of the use of the Bluegrass appliance in the cessation of thumb habits. Pediatr Dent. 2003;25(6):587-590.
  • 20. Haskell BS, Mink JR. An aid to stop thumb sucking: the "Bluegrass" appliance. Pediatr Dent. 1991 Mar-Apr;13(2):83-85.
  • 21. Chhabra N, Chhabra A. Evaluation of the efficacy of the modified bluegrass appliance in cessation of thumb-sucking habit: an in vivo study with 12 months follow-up. Med Pharm Rep.2020;93(2):190-194. doi:10.15386/mpr-1329
  • 22. Anand S, Jyoti D, Shukla JN, Singh A, Sulekha. Modified RURS Elbow Guard: An Alternative Approach for Thumb Sucking. J Clin Pediatr Dent. 2021;14(4):590-592. doi:10.5005/jp-journals-10005-1993
  • 23. Nascimento MH, de Araújo TM, Machado AW. Severe Anterior Open Bite during Mixed Dentition Treated with Palatal Spurs. J Clin Pediatr Dent. 2016;40(3):247-250. doi:10.17796/1053-4628-40.3.247
  • 24. Chandel R, Pande MS, Yeluri R, Pankey N, Khubchandani M. Anterior Open Bite Treated With Palatal Crib and Myofunctional Therapy: A Case Report. Cureus. 2024;16(6):e63549. Published 2024 Jun 30. doi:10.7759/cureus.63549
  • 25. Eltager T, Bardissy AE, Abdelgawad F. Cessation of thumb/finger sucking habit in children using electronic habit reminder versus palatal crib: a randomized clinical pilot study. BMC Oral Health. 2025;25(1):27. Published 2025 Jan 6. doi:10.1186/s12903-024-05310-6
  • 26. Vinay C, Sandeep V, Hanumanth Rao CH, Uloopi KS, Kumar AS. Modified quad helix appliance for thumb sucking and cross bite correction. Contemp Clin. 2013;4(4):523-526. doi:10.4103/0976-237X.123064

ÇOCUKLARDA PARMAK EMME ALIŞKANLIĞININ TEDAVİSİ

Year 2025, Volume: 7 Issue: 1, 14 - 22, 07.03.2025

Abstract

Parmak emme, genellikle açlık, stres, hiperaktivite, diş sürme dönemindeki kaşıntı gibi farklı fizyolojik ve psikolojik faktörlerle ilişkilendirilmektedir. Parmak emmenin ağız yapısı üzerindeki olumsuz etkileri, alışkanlığın süresi, şiddeti ve sıklığına bağlı olarak değişiklik göstermektedir. Uzun süreli parmak emme alışkanlığı, dişlerde protrüzyon, retrüzyon, ön açık kapanış ve çene bozuklukları gibi dental maloklüzyonlara neden olabilir. Tedavi yaklaşımları, çocuğun yaşına, alışkanlığın şiddetine ve çocuğun motivasyon düzeyine göre farklılık göstermektedir. Tedavi yöntemleri arasında konuşarak alışkanlığı bırakma, hatırlatıcı tedavi, ödüllendirme yöntemi, yardımcı/engelleyici tedavi ve ortodontik aparey kullanımı yer almaktadır. Özellikle palatal crib, quad helix, bluegrass gibi ortodontik apareyler, parmak emme alışkanlığının tedavisinde etkili çözümler sunmaktadır. Ek olarak, çocukların yaşadığı stres faktörleri ve aile içi dinamikler de tedavi sürecinde dikkate alınmalıdır. Bu çalışma, çocuklarda yaygın olarak görülen parmak emme alışkanlığının nedenleri, etkileri ve tedavi yöntemlerini incelemektedir.

References

  • 1. Borrie FR, Bearn DR, Innes NP, Iheozor-Ejiofor Z. Interventions for the cessation of non-nutritive sucking habits in children. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2015 Mar 31;2015(3):CD008694.
  • 2. Bishara SE, Warren JJ, Broffitt B, Levy SM. Changes in the prevalence of nonnutritive sucking patterns in the first 8 years of life. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2006;130(1):31-36. doi:10.1016/j.ajodo.2004.11.033
  • 3. Bengi AO, Karacay S, Güven G. A unique treatment of finger-sucking habit in children with mental retardation: report of 2 cases. Quintessence Int. 2007;38(3):e158-e163.
  • 4. Proffit W, Sarver DM, Fields HW. Contemporary Orthodontics. 2012;5th Edition.
  • 5. Doğramacı EJ, Rossi-Fedele G. Establishing the association between nonnutritive sucking behavior and malocclusions: A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Am Dent Assoc. 016;147(12):926-934.e6. doi:10.1016/j.adaj.2016.08.018
  • 6. Ülgen M. Anomaliler, Sefalometri, Etiyoloji, Büyüme ve Gelişim, Tanı. 2001;184–9.
  • 7. Nowak AJ, Christensen JR, Mabry TR, Townsend JA, Wells MH. Pediatric Dentistry, Infancy Throught Adoleslence. 2019;6th Edition.
  • 8. Ülgen M. Ortodonti, Anomaliler, Sefalometri, Etioloji, Büyüme ve Gelişim, Tanı. Yeditepe Üniversitesi Yayınları. 2000;185-189.
  • 9. Mason RM. Myths that persist about orofacial myology. Int J Orafacial Myology. 2011;37:26-38.
  • 10. Ülgen M. Ortodonti Tedavi Prensipleri. Dicle Üniversitesi Diş Hekimliği Fakültesi Yayınları. 1986;135–136.
  • 11. AlEmran SE. A new method in reminder therapy technique for ceasing digit sucking habit in children. J Clin Pediatr Dent. 2000;24(4):261-263. doi:10.17796/jcpd.24.4.c303020414023862
  • 12. Adair SM. The Ace Bandage Approach to digit-sucking habits. American Academic of Pediatric Dentistry. 1999;451–2.
  • 13. Kurol J, Rasmussen P. Occlusal development, preventive and interceptive orthodontics. In Koch G, Poulsen S editors. Pediatric Dentistry A Clinical Approach. 2nd. ed. Copenhagen: Blackwell Munksgaard; 2003.p.321-349.
  • 14. Bengi AO, Karacay S, Güven G. A unique treatment of finger-sucking habit in children with mental retardation: report of 2 cases. Quintessence Int. 2007;38(3):e158-e163.
  • 15. Accreditation for Thumbsie® | Oral Health Foundation [Internet]. [cited 2024 Mar 17]. Available from: https://thumbsie.co.uk/accreditation/
  • 16. Shetty RM, Dixit U, Hegde R, Shivprakash PK. RURS' elbow guard: an innovative treatment of the thumb-sucking habit in a child with Hurler's syndrome. J Indian Soc Pedod Prev Dent. 2010;28(3):212-218. doi:10.4103/0970-4388.73796
  • 17. Shetty RM, Shetty M, Shetty NS, Deoghare A. Three-Alarm System: Revisited to treat Thumb-sucking Habit. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent. 2015;8(1):82-86. doi:10.5005/jp-journals-10005-1289
  • 18. Haryett RD, Hansen FC, Davidson PO. Chronic thumb-sucking: A second report on treatment and its psychological effects. Am J Orthod. 1970 Feb 1;57(2):164–78.
  • 19. Greenleaf S, Mink J. A retrospective study of the use of the Bluegrass appliance in the cessation of thumb habits. Pediatr Dent. 2003;25(6):587-590.
  • 20. Haskell BS, Mink JR. An aid to stop thumb sucking: the "Bluegrass" appliance. Pediatr Dent. 1991 Mar-Apr;13(2):83-85.
  • 21. Chhabra N, Chhabra A. Evaluation of the efficacy of the modified bluegrass appliance in cessation of thumb-sucking habit: an in vivo study with 12 months follow-up. Med Pharm Rep.2020;93(2):190-194. doi:10.15386/mpr-1329
  • 22. Anand S, Jyoti D, Shukla JN, Singh A, Sulekha. Modified RURS Elbow Guard: An Alternative Approach for Thumb Sucking. J Clin Pediatr Dent. 2021;14(4):590-592. doi:10.5005/jp-journals-10005-1993
  • 23. Nascimento MH, de Araújo TM, Machado AW. Severe Anterior Open Bite during Mixed Dentition Treated with Palatal Spurs. J Clin Pediatr Dent. 2016;40(3):247-250. doi:10.17796/1053-4628-40.3.247
  • 24. Chandel R, Pande MS, Yeluri R, Pankey N, Khubchandani M. Anterior Open Bite Treated With Palatal Crib and Myofunctional Therapy: A Case Report. Cureus. 2024;16(6):e63549. Published 2024 Jun 30. doi:10.7759/cureus.63549
  • 25. Eltager T, Bardissy AE, Abdelgawad F. Cessation of thumb/finger sucking habit in children using electronic habit reminder versus palatal crib: a randomized clinical pilot study. BMC Oral Health. 2025;25(1):27. Published 2025 Jan 6. doi:10.1186/s12903-024-05310-6
  • 26. Vinay C, Sandeep V, Hanumanth Rao CH, Uloopi KS, Kumar AS. Modified quad helix appliance for thumb sucking and cross bite correction. Contemp Clin. 2013;4(4):523-526. doi:10.4103/0976-237X.123064
There are 26 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Paedodontics
Journal Section Pediatric Dentistry
Authors

Ayşe Gizem Kertmen 0009-0000-8434-8482

Melis Araz Topuz 0009-0000-5196-0544

Publication Date March 7, 2025
Submission Date January 15, 2025
Acceptance Date March 7, 2025
Published in Issue Year 2025 Volume: 7 Issue: 1

Cite

Vancouver Kertmen AG, Araz Topuz M. ÇOCUKLARDA PARMAK EMME ALIŞKANLIĞININ TEDAVİSİ. Dent & Med J - R. 2025;7(1):14-22.




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