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Fichte Düşüncesinde Özgürlük Kavramı

Year 2020, Issue: 18, 73 - 97, 30.12.2020

Abstract

Mevcut makale Fichte felsefesinde özgürlüğün yerini soruşturmaktadır. Bu amaçla Fichte düşüncesinin en berrak sunumunu temsil eden İnsanın Belirlenimi adlı metne odaklanacağız. Fichte ben’i özgürlükle özdeşleştirerek ve ben’i/özgürlüğü felsefenin yegane ilkesi yaparak Kant’ın özgürlük tasavvurunu radikalleştirmiştir. Bu çerçevede Fichte bir özgürlük sistemi üretmeye girişir ve bunun felsefenin alması gereken tek münasip form olduğunu düşünür. Fichte’nin ben’i özünde kendini meydana getiren edimdir (kendini vazetme), ki burada ben, kendini meydana getirme ile eşzamanlı olarak, yalnızca bir nesneler dünyası (doğa) meydana getirmez, aynı zamanda da özgürlüğünün tekamül eden ifadesi olarak bir ahlak dünyası vücuda getirir.

References

  • Fichte, Johann Gotlieb. Sämtliche Werke, 8 cilt, ed. J. Immanuel Fichte (Berlin: De Gruyter, 1965 [1845]).
  • --- J. G. Fichte: Early Philosophical Writings, çev. ve ed. D. Breazeale (Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 1988).
  • --- Foundations of Transcendental Philosophy: Wissenschaftslehre Novo Methodo [1796/99], çev. (Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 1992).
  • --- The System of Ethics [1798], çev. D. Breazeale ve G. Zöller (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2005).
  • --- The Vocation of Man [1900], çev. Peter Preuss (Indianapolis: Hackett, 1987).
  • Harries, Karsten. 19th Century Philosophy: An Introduction (yayınlanmamış ders notları), Erişim: http://campuspress.yale.edu/karstenharries/courses-and-seminars/
  • Metz, Wilhelm. “Freiheit und Reflexion in Fichtes Sittenlehre von 1798” in Die Sittenlehre J. G. Fichtes 1798-1812, cilt 27, ed. Christoph Asmuth ve Wilhelm Metz (Amsterdam: Rodopi, 2006).
  • --- “Fichte’s Freiheitsbegriff (Sittenlehre von 1798 und 1812, Anweisung zum seligen Leben)“, in Geist und Willensfreiheit. Klassische Theorien von der Antike bis zur Moderne, ed. Edith Düsing und Hans-Dieter Klein (Würzburg: Könighausen und Neumann, 2006).
  • Neuhouser, Frederick. Fichte’s Theory of Subjectivity (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1990).
  • Spinoza, Baruch. Ethics, in Spinoza: Complete Works, çev. S. Shirley (Indianapolis: Hackett, 2002). Türkçe çeviri: Ethica, çev. Ç. Dürüşken (Kabalcı yay., 2011). --- Correspondence, çev. Jonathan Bennett (2017). erişim: https://www.earlymoderntexts.com/assets/pdfs/spinoza1661.pdf
  • Wood, Allen W. Fichte’s Ethical Thought (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2016).
  • Zöller, Günter. Fichte’s Transcendental Philosophy: The Original Duplicity of Being (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1998).
  • --- “Fichte, Johann Gottlieb” (2005), Encylopedia of Philosophy (Macmillan Reference, 2nd Edition, 2006), ed. Donald M. Borchert.
  • --- “A Philosophy of Freedom: Fichte’s Philosophical Achievement”, in The Palgrave Handbook of German Idealism, ed. Mathew C. Altman (London: Palgrave Macmillan, 2014).
Year 2020, Issue: 18, 73 - 97, 30.12.2020

Abstract

References

  • Fichte, Johann Gotlieb. Sämtliche Werke, 8 cilt, ed. J. Immanuel Fichte (Berlin: De Gruyter, 1965 [1845]).
  • --- J. G. Fichte: Early Philosophical Writings, çev. ve ed. D. Breazeale (Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 1988).
  • --- Foundations of Transcendental Philosophy: Wissenschaftslehre Novo Methodo [1796/99], çev. (Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 1992).
  • --- The System of Ethics [1798], çev. D. Breazeale ve G. Zöller (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2005).
  • --- The Vocation of Man [1900], çev. Peter Preuss (Indianapolis: Hackett, 1987).
  • Harries, Karsten. 19th Century Philosophy: An Introduction (yayınlanmamış ders notları), Erişim: http://campuspress.yale.edu/karstenharries/courses-and-seminars/
  • Metz, Wilhelm. “Freiheit und Reflexion in Fichtes Sittenlehre von 1798” in Die Sittenlehre J. G. Fichtes 1798-1812, cilt 27, ed. Christoph Asmuth ve Wilhelm Metz (Amsterdam: Rodopi, 2006).
  • --- “Fichte’s Freiheitsbegriff (Sittenlehre von 1798 und 1812, Anweisung zum seligen Leben)“, in Geist und Willensfreiheit. Klassische Theorien von der Antike bis zur Moderne, ed. Edith Düsing und Hans-Dieter Klein (Würzburg: Könighausen und Neumann, 2006).
  • Neuhouser, Frederick. Fichte’s Theory of Subjectivity (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1990).
  • Spinoza, Baruch. Ethics, in Spinoza: Complete Works, çev. S. Shirley (Indianapolis: Hackett, 2002). Türkçe çeviri: Ethica, çev. Ç. Dürüşken (Kabalcı yay., 2011). --- Correspondence, çev. Jonathan Bennett (2017). erişim: https://www.earlymoderntexts.com/assets/pdfs/spinoza1661.pdf
  • Wood, Allen W. Fichte’s Ethical Thought (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2016).
  • Zöller, Günter. Fichte’s Transcendental Philosophy: The Original Duplicity of Being (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1998).
  • --- “Fichte, Johann Gottlieb” (2005), Encylopedia of Philosophy (Macmillan Reference, 2nd Edition, 2006), ed. Donald M. Borchert.
  • --- “A Philosophy of Freedom: Fichte’s Philosophical Achievement”, in The Palgrave Handbook of German Idealism, ed. Mathew C. Altman (London: Palgrave Macmillan, 2014).
There are 14 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Philosophy
Journal Section Research Article
Authors

Musa Duman 0000-0001-8705-8122

Publication Date December 30, 2020
Submission Date November 12, 2020
Published in Issue Year 2020 Issue: 18

Cite

APA Duman, M. (2020). Fichte Düşüncesinde Özgürlük Kavramı. Dört Öge(18), 73-97.