ASSESSMENT OF ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY ON THE SKIN SECRETIONS OF NINE ANURAN SPECIES FROM TURKEY

Abstract

A dramatic decline of amphibians was reported for the first time about 40 years ago and then, this decline has continued at an alarming rate. Nearly one-third (32%), or 6593 amphibian species are threatened according to the most recent 2008 global assessment. Since 1980, the population size of at least 43% of amphibian species is declining and 122 amphibian species have become extinct. The causes of this declines are likely to be complex. Amphibians, like higher vertebrates, have immune systems including both adaptive and innate immunity. Innate immunity has different mechanisms that can provide an instant response nonspecifically to many pathogens. Antimicrobial peptides are the first step in these mechanisms. As each frog species has its own unique peptides, significant variation obtains among species in the number, structure and antimicrobial activity of these peptides. In our knowledge, there is no study previously performed in our country on the amphibian immune system. This study aims to evaluate the skin secretions of the nine anuran species and antimicrobial activity.

Keywords

• Amphibian populations,decline causes,amphibian immune system,antimicrobial peptids

TÜRKİYE’DEN DOKUZ ANURA TÜRÜNÜN DERİ SEKRESYONLARININ ANTİMİKROBİYAL AKTİVİTESİNİN DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ

Abstract

İlk kez yaklaşık kırk yıl önce amfibilerde dramatik bir azalma rapor edilmiş ve bu düşüş endişe verici bir oranda devam etmiştir. 2008 yılı son küresel değerlendirmesine göre amfibilerin yaklaşık üçte biri (% 32) veya 6593 amfibi türü tehdit altındadır. Bu azalışın birçok karmaşık sebebi olabilir. Amfibiler omurgalılar da olduğu gibi hem doğuştan hem de kazanılmış immün sisteme sahip canlılardır. Doğal bağışıklık bireyin birçok farklı patojene karşı anlık tepki göstermesini sağlayan farklı mekanizmaları içerir. Bu mekanizmalar içerisinde antimikrobiyal peptidler ilk sırada yer alır. Her bir kurbağa türünün kendine özgü peptidleri olduğu için, bu peptidlerin sayısı, yapısı ve antimikrobiyal aktivitesindeki türler arasında önemli farklılıklar gösterir. Türkiye’de amfibi bağışıklık sistemi ile ilgili yapılmış herhangi bir çalışma bulunmamaktadır. Bu çalışmada 9 amfibi türünden edilen deri sekresyonlarının antimikrobiyal aktivitelerinin belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır.

Keywords

• Amfibi populasyonu,Azalma sebepleri,Amfibi immün sistemi,Antimikrobiyal peptidler

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