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Bernard Shaw’ın "Pygmalion" Adlı Oyununda Dil, Eğitim ve Toplumsal Sınıf İlişkisi

Year 2008, Volume: 48 Issue: 2, 29 - 42, 01.01.2008

Abstract

Çağdaş İngiliz tiyatrosunun en ünlü örneklerinden biri olan Bernard Shaw’ın Pygmalion adlı eserinde ‘gündelik dil’ biçiminde yer alan ‘sözel şiddet’, dili yetkin biçimde kullanamayanlar üzerinde otorite kurmak için uygulanmaktadır. Oyunda, aşağı tabakaya mensup olan ‘çiçekçi kız’ Liza Eliza Profesör Higgins’in sözel şiddetine maruz kalır ve daha sonra ondan aldığı fonetik dersleri sonucunda toplumsal açıdan önemli bir değişim geçirir. Liza, aldığı fonetik eğitimi ve dolayısıyla dili kullanma becerisi ilerledikçe, hem toplumsal statüsünü yükseltir, aynı zamanda da yabancılaşma yaşar çünkü aldığı eğitimle sınıfının dışına düşmüş, ne ki başka bir sınıf tarafından da bütünüyle kabul edilmemiştir. Bir başka deyişle, aldığı fonetik eğitimi sonucunda Liza ‘standartlaşmış’, topluma uyum sağlamış, ancak toplumsal düzeyde gerçek anlamda bir yükselme gerçekleştirememiştir.

References

  • ARISTOTLE. (1995) Treatise on Rhetoric. (Çev.Theodore Buckley). New York: Prometheus Books.
  • BERST, Charles A. (1973). Bernard Shaw and the Art of Drama. Urbana: University of Illinois Press.
  • BROWN, John Russell (1986). “Words and Silence”. Harold Pinter: The Birthday Party, The Caretaker, The Homecoming. London: Macmillan, 87-99.
  • CRAWFORD, Fred D. (1993) “Shaw’s British Inheritors”. Shaw and Other Playwrights. (Haz. John A. Bertolini). Pennsylvania: The Pennsylvania State University Press, 101-111.
  • CROMPTON, Louis (1970). Shaw the Dramatist. Lincoln: University of Bebraska Press.
  • DERRIDA, Jacques (1981). Positions. Trans. Alan Buss. London: Athlore Press.
  • DUKORE, Bernard F. (1973) Bernard Shaw, Playwright Aspects of Shavian Drama. Colombia: University of Missouri Press.
  • EINSTEIN, Albert (1986). Ideas and Opinions. New York: Crown Publications.
  • FOUCAULT, Michel (1977). Discipline and Punish: The Birth of Prison. (Çev. Alan Sheridan). London: Penguin Books.
  • - -. (1991). The Foucault Reader. (Haz. Paul Rabinow). London: Penguin Books.
  • - -. (1973) Madness and Civilization. New York: (Çev. Richard Howard). Vintage Books.
  • - -. (1990). The History of Sexuality: The Use of Pleasure. (Çev. Robert Hurley). New York: Vintage Books.
  • - -.(1998) The History of Sexuality: The Will to Knowledge. (Çev. Robert Hurley). London: Penguin Books.
  • - -. (1998) Aesthetic, Method, and Epistemology. (Çev. Robert Huxley). New York: The New York Press.
  • GIBBS, A. M. (1983) The Art and Mind of Shaw. Macmillan: Gill and Macmillan.
  • HONEY, John (1989). Does Accent Matter? The Pygmalion Factor. London: Faber and Faber.
  • MORGAN, Margery M. (1992) Bernard Shaw II: 1907-1950. Berkshire: Profile Books.
  • REYNOLDS, Jean (1999). Pygmalion’s Wordplay: The Postmodern Shaw. Gainesville: University Press of Florida.
  • RUSINKO, Susan (1989). British Drama 1950 to the Present. Boston: Twayne Publishers.
  • SHAW, Bernard (1957). Pygmalion. Harmondsworth: Penguin Books.
  • - -. (2004). Bernard Shaw Dört Oyun. (Çev. Sevgi Sanlı).İstanbul: Kültür Yayınları.
  • THOMAS, Linda and Shan WAREING. (1999) Language, Society and Power: An Introduction. London: Routledge.

Language, Education and Social Class in Bernard Shaw’s “Pygmalion”

Year 2008, Volume: 48 Issue: 2, 29 - 42, 01.01.2008

Abstract

In contemporary English plays, linguistic violence contributes not only to the creation of a realistic spectacle, but also to the replacement of critical thinking by automatic patterns of thought and speech. Such pre-constructed thought and speech function to re-shape, redefine and transform individuals’ character and destroy their autonomy. In Bernard Shaw’s Pygmalion, linguistic violence is employed to promote conformity to social order. The play illustrates the transformation of Eliza, a common flower girl, as a result of the instruction in phonetics given to her Professor Higgins. At the beginning, her non-standard Cockney accent makes her an outcast of the system and she is subjected to verbal abuse by Prof. Higgins. As Eliza’s education in phonetics advances and her command of English increases, she is both empowered and alienated. Despite her success at the Embassy reception, Eliza remains a disclassed flower girl who will never be completely accepted in upper-middle class British society.

References

  • ARISTOTLE. (1995) Treatise on Rhetoric. (Çev.Theodore Buckley). New York: Prometheus Books.
  • BERST, Charles A. (1973). Bernard Shaw and the Art of Drama. Urbana: University of Illinois Press.
  • BROWN, John Russell (1986). “Words and Silence”. Harold Pinter: The Birthday Party, The Caretaker, The Homecoming. London: Macmillan, 87-99.
  • CRAWFORD, Fred D. (1993) “Shaw’s British Inheritors”. Shaw and Other Playwrights. (Haz. John A. Bertolini). Pennsylvania: The Pennsylvania State University Press, 101-111.
  • CROMPTON, Louis (1970). Shaw the Dramatist. Lincoln: University of Bebraska Press.
  • DERRIDA, Jacques (1981). Positions. Trans. Alan Buss. London: Athlore Press.
  • DUKORE, Bernard F. (1973) Bernard Shaw, Playwright Aspects of Shavian Drama. Colombia: University of Missouri Press.
  • EINSTEIN, Albert (1986). Ideas and Opinions. New York: Crown Publications.
  • FOUCAULT, Michel (1977). Discipline and Punish: The Birth of Prison. (Çev. Alan Sheridan). London: Penguin Books.
  • - -. (1991). The Foucault Reader. (Haz. Paul Rabinow). London: Penguin Books.
  • - -. (1973) Madness and Civilization. New York: (Çev. Richard Howard). Vintage Books.
  • - -. (1990). The History of Sexuality: The Use of Pleasure. (Çev. Robert Hurley). New York: Vintage Books.
  • - -.(1998) The History of Sexuality: The Will to Knowledge. (Çev. Robert Hurley). London: Penguin Books.
  • - -. (1998) Aesthetic, Method, and Epistemology. (Çev. Robert Huxley). New York: The New York Press.
  • GIBBS, A. M. (1983) The Art and Mind of Shaw. Macmillan: Gill and Macmillan.
  • HONEY, John (1989). Does Accent Matter? The Pygmalion Factor. London: Faber and Faber.
  • MORGAN, Margery M. (1992) Bernard Shaw II: 1907-1950. Berkshire: Profile Books.
  • REYNOLDS, Jean (1999). Pygmalion’s Wordplay: The Postmodern Shaw. Gainesville: University Press of Florida.
  • RUSINKO, Susan (1989). British Drama 1950 to the Present. Boston: Twayne Publishers.
  • SHAW, Bernard (1957). Pygmalion. Harmondsworth: Penguin Books.
  • - -. (2004). Bernard Shaw Dört Oyun. (Çev. Sevgi Sanlı).İstanbul: Kültür Yayınları.
  • THOMAS, Linda and Shan WAREING. (1999) Language, Society and Power: An Introduction. London: Routledge.
There are 22 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Journal Section Research Article
Authors

Sıla Şenlen This is me

Publication Date January 1, 2008
Published in Issue Year 2008 Volume: 48 Issue: 2

Cite

APA Şenlen, S. (2008). Bernard Shaw’ın "Pygmalion" Adlı Oyununda Dil, Eğitim ve Toplumsal Sınıf İlişkisi. Ankara Üniversitesi Dil Ve Tarih-Coğrafya Fakültesi Dergisi, 48(2), 29-42.

Ankara University Journal of the Faculty of Languages and History-Geography

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