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Virginia Woolf, Orlando ve İstanbul

Year 2011, Volume: 51 Issue: 1, 107 - 122, 01.01.2011

Abstract

Virginia Woolf’un Orlando 1928 adlı romanı, eleştirmenler tarafından Woolf’un romanına adını veren Orlando karakterinin toplumsal cinsiyet değişimi kapsamında, farklı sosyolojik ve psikanalitik parametrelerde ele alınmış ve roman, Orlando karakterinin erklik ve dişilik normlarına eleştirel bir bakış sunması ve cinsiyet rollerinin esnekliğini vurgulaması bakımından sıklıkla edebiyatta androjini/çiftcinsiyetlilik temsilinin bir örneği olarak düşünülmüştür. Ancak, Orlando’nun toplumsal cinsiyet değişiminin gerçekleştiği yer olan İstanbul, coğrafi ve estetiksel uzam bağlamında edebi eleştirilerde pek dikkate alınmamıştır. Bu sebeple, bu makale İstanbul şehrini, Woolf’un karakterinin toplumsal cinsiyet değişimine olanak sağlayan coğrafi bir uzam olarak incelemeyi ve buradan yola çıkarak Doğu ve Batı arasında bir köprü işlevi gören İstanbul’un, Woolf’un romanında toplumsal cinsiyet normlarını ve rollerini sentezleyen bir uzam olarak tartışmayı amaçlamaktadır. Bu saptamalar doğrultusunda, bu çalışma, Woolf’un romanının uzamsal yönünü öne çıkarıp, uzamın estetik ve coğrafi düzlemde çağrıştırdığı anlamları ele alarak, Woolf’un bu romanına çağdaş uzam teorileri ışığında farklı bir eleştirel bakış getirmeyi hedeflemektedir.

References

  • AIKEN, Conrad. (1975). “Review”. In Virginia Woolf: The Critical Heritage. (Ed. Robin Majumdar and Allen McLaurin). (234-237). London: Routledge.
  • BAKHTIN, Mikhail. (1984). Rabelais and His World. (Trans. Helene Iswolsky). Bloomington: Indiana University Press.
  • BENNETT, Arnold. (1975). “Arnold Bennett on Virginia Woolf”. In Virginia Woolf: The Critical Heritage. (Ed. Robin Majumdar and Allen McLaurin). (232-234). London: Routledge.
  • BOWLBY, Rachel. (1988). Virginia Woolf: Feminist Destinations. Oxford, New York: Basil Blackwell.
  • BOWLBY, Rachel. (1997). Feminist Destinations and Further Essays on Virginia Woolf. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press.
  • BUTLER, Judith. (1990). Gender Trouble: Feminism and the Subversion of Identity. London: Routledge.
  • CARPENTER, Edward. (1911). “The Intermediate Sex”. In Love’s Coming of Age. (114-134). New York: Mitchell Kennerley.
  • COLBURN, Krystyna. (1996). “Spires of London: Domes of Istanbul”. In Virginia Woolf: Texts and Contexts: Selected Papers from the Fifth Annual Conference on Virginia Woolf. (Ed. Beth Rigel Daugherty and Eileen Barrett). (250-254). New York: Pace University Press.
  • ÇAKIR, Serpil. (1996). Osmanlı Kadın Hareketi. İstanbul: Metis.
  • ÇAKIR, Serpil. (2006). “Türkiye’de Kadın Tarihi Çalışmaları 2”. http://eski.bianet.org/2006/05/01/78373.htm [16 Nisan 2011]
  • DİNGEÇ, Emine. (2010). “Osmanlı Toplumunda Kadınların Üretime Katkıları”. History Studies. 2 (1): 9-30.
  • ELLIS, Havelock. (1933). The Psychology of Sex. New York: Ray Long & Richard R. Smith.
  • FASSLER, Barbara. (1979). “Theories of Homosexuality as Sources of Bloomsbury’s Androgyny”. Signs. 5 (2): 237-251.
  • FREUD, Sigmund. (1977). “The Sexual Aberrations”. In On Sexuality: Three Essays on the Theory of Sexuality and Other Works. (Ed. Angela Richards). (Trans. James Stratchey). (46-59). Harmondsworth: Penguin.
  • GROSZ, Elizabeth. (1992). “Bodies-Cities”. In Sexuality and Space. (Ed. Beatriz Colomina). (241-255). New York: Princeton Architectural Press.
  • HARGREAVES, Tracy. (2005). Androgyny in Modern Literature. Houndmills, Basingstoke, Hampshire, New York: Palgrave Macmillan.
  • HEILBRUN, Carolyn. (1982). Towards a Recognition of Androgyny. New York: Norton.
  • HUTCHEON, Linda. (2000). A Poetics of Postmodernism: History, Theory, Fiction. New York, London: Routledge.
  • JAMILI, Leila Baradaran. (2006). Virginia Woolf: Travelling, Travel Writing and Travel Fictions. Doktora tezi (Berlin Hür Üniversitesi). http://www.zevep.com/php/exit.php?url=http://webdoc.sub.gwdg.de/ebook/dis sts/Berlin_FU/Jamili2006.zip [01 Eylül 2009]
  • KAIVOLA, Karen. (1999). “Revisiting Woolf’s Representations of Androgyny: Gender, Race, Sexuality, and Nation”. Tulsa Studies in Women’s Literature. 18 (2): 235-261.
  • LEE, Hermione. (1977). The Novels of Virginia Woolf. London: Methuen & Co.
  • LOCKE, John. (1979). An Essay Concerning Human Understanding. (Ed. A.D. Woozley). Oxford: Oxford University Press.
  • MACCARTHY, Desmond. (1975). “Review”. In Virginia Woolf: The Critical Heritage. (Ed. Robin Majumdar and Allen McLaurin). (222-227). London: Routledge.
  • MASSEY, Doreen. (1994). Space, Place and Gender. Oxford: Blackwell.
  • MAXWELL, Anne. (2007). “Encountering the Cultural Other: Virginia Woolf in Constantinople and Katherine Mansfield in the Ureweras”. Ariel. 38 (2/3): 19- 40.
  • MCDOWELL, Linda. (2003). “Place and Space”. In A Concise Companion to Feminist Theory. (Ed. Mary Eagleton). (11-32). Oxford: Blackwell.
  • NICOLSON, Nigel. (1973). Portrait of a Marriage. London: Weidenfield and Nicolson.
  • ROESSEL, David. (1992). “The Significance of Constantinople in Orlando”. Papers on Language and Literature. 28 (4): 398-416.
  • SACKVILLE-WEST, Vita. (1917). Poems of West and East. London: John Lane.
  • SAID, Edward W. (1979). Orientalism. New York: Vintage.
  • SHOWALTER, Elaine. (1977). A Literature of Their Own: British Women Novelists from Brontë to Lessing. Princeton: Princeton University Press.
  • SPAIN, Daphne. (1992). Gendered Spaces. Chapel Hill, London: The University of North Carolina Press.
  • STAPE, J. H. (1995). Virginia Woolf: Interviews and Recollections. Houndmills, Baingstoke, Hampshire, London: Macmillan.
  • TOPPING BAZIN, Nancy. (1973). Virginia Woolf and the Androgynous Vision. New Brunswick, N.J: Rutgers University Press.
  • WEIL, Kari. (1992). Androgyny and the Denial of Difference. Charlottesville: University Press of Virginia.
  • WOLLSTONECRAFT, Mary. (1992). A Vindication of the Rights of Woman. London: Penguin.
  • WOOLF, Virginia. (1980). The Diary of Virginia Woolf. (Ed. Anne Olivier Bell). New York: Harcourt.
  • WOOLF, Virginia. (1989). Deniz Feneri. (Çev. Naciye Akseki Öncül). İstanbul: Can Yayınları.
  • WOOLF, Virginia. (1990). A Passionate Apprentice: The Early Journals of Virginia Woolf from 1897-1909. (Ed. Mitchell A. Leaska). London: The Hogarth Press.
  • WOOLF, Virginia. (1994). Orlando: Yaşamöyküsü. (Çev. Seniha Akar). İstanbul: Ayrıntı.
  • WOOLF, Virginia. (1999). Mrs. Dalloway. (Çev. Tomris Uyar). İstanbul: İletişim.
  • WOOLF, Virginia. (2002). Kendine Ait Bir Oda. (Çev. Suğra Öncü). İstanbul:

Virginia Woolf, Orlando and Istanbul

Year 2011, Volume: 51 Issue: 1, 107 - 122, 01.01.2011

Abstract

Regarded as a stimulating representative of androgyny in literature, Virginia Woolf’s Orlando 1928 has often been studied within sociological and psychoanalytic parametres that lay the chief focus on Woolf’s protagonist’s sexual transformation. However, the significance of androgyny in Woolf’s novel becomes even more provocative when argued in relation to the place in which the androgynous identity is born, a correlation which seems to have been critically overlooked. This article, therefore, aims to engage with the significance of Istanbul not only as a geographical and aesthetic space that paves the way for Orlando’s transformation but also as a non-gendered space that simultaneously dismantles and sythesizes the normative regulations of gender. Thus, this study seeks to discuss the ways in which Istanbul serves as a symbolic space in Woolf’s literary imagination through an exploration of the geographical and aesthetic implications of Istanbul in Woolf’s novel within the frame of contemporary spatial theories.

References

  • AIKEN, Conrad. (1975). “Review”. In Virginia Woolf: The Critical Heritage. (Ed. Robin Majumdar and Allen McLaurin). (234-237). London: Routledge.
  • BAKHTIN, Mikhail. (1984). Rabelais and His World. (Trans. Helene Iswolsky). Bloomington: Indiana University Press.
  • BENNETT, Arnold. (1975). “Arnold Bennett on Virginia Woolf”. In Virginia Woolf: The Critical Heritage. (Ed. Robin Majumdar and Allen McLaurin). (232-234). London: Routledge.
  • BOWLBY, Rachel. (1988). Virginia Woolf: Feminist Destinations. Oxford, New York: Basil Blackwell.
  • BOWLBY, Rachel. (1997). Feminist Destinations and Further Essays on Virginia Woolf. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press.
  • BUTLER, Judith. (1990). Gender Trouble: Feminism and the Subversion of Identity. London: Routledge.
  • CARPENTER, Edward. (1911). “The Intermediate Sex”. In Love’s Coming of Age. (114-134). New York: Mitchell Kennerley.
  • COLBURN, Krystyna. (1996). “Spires of London: Domes of Istanbul”. In Virginia Woolf: Texts and Contexts: Selected Papers from the Fifth Annual Conference on Virginia Woolf. (Ed. Beth Rigel Daugherty and Eileen Barrett). (250-254). New York: Pace University Press.
  • ÇAKIR, Serpil. (1996). Osmanlı Kadın Hareketi. İstanbul: Metis.
  • ÇAKIR, Serpil. (2006). “Türkiye’de Kadın Tarihi Çalışmaları 2”. http://eski.bianet.org/2006/05/01/78373.htm [16 Nisan 2011]
  • DİNGEÇ, Emine. (2010). “Osmanlı Toplumunda Kadınların Üretime Katkıları”. History Studies. 2 (1): 9-30.
  • ELLIS, Havelock. (1933). The Psychology of Sex. New York: Ray Long & Richard R. Smith.
  • FASSLER, Barbara. (1979). “Theories of Homosexuality as Sources of Bloomsbury’s Androgyny”. Signs. 5 (2): 237-251.
  • FREUD, Sigmund. (1977). “The Sexual Aberrations”. In On Sexuality: Three Essays on the Theory of Sexuality and Other Works. (Ed. Angela Richards). (Trans. James Stratchey). (46-59). Harmondsworth: Penguin.
  • GROSZ, Elizabeth. (1992). “Bodies-Cities”. In Sexuality and Space. (Ed. Beatriz Colomina). (241-255). New York: Princeton Architectural Press.
  • HARGREAVES, Tracy. (2005). Androgyny in Modern Literature. Houndmills, Basingstoke, Hampshire, New York: Palgrave Macmillan.
  • HEILBRUN, Carolyn. (1982). Towards a Recognition of Androgyny. New York: Norton.
  • HUTCHEON, Linda. (2000). A Poetics of Postmodernism: History, Theory, Fiction. New York, London: Routledge.
  • JAMILI, Leila Baradaran. (2006). Virginia Woolf: Travelling, Travel Writing and Travel Fictions. Doktora tezi (Berlin Hür Üniversitesi). http://www.zevep.com/php/exit.php?url=http://webdoc.sub.gwdg.de/ebook/dis sts/Berlin_FU/Jamili2006.zip [01 Eylül 2009]
  • KAIVOLA, Karen. (1999). “Revisiting Woolf’s Representations of Androgyny: Gender, Race, Sexuality, and Nation”. Tulsa Studies in Women’s Literature. 18 (2): 235-261.
  • LEE, Hermione. (1977). The Novels of Virginia Woolf. London: Methuen & Co.
  • LOCKE, John. (1979). An Essay Concerning Human Understanding. (Ed. A.D. Woozley). Oxford: Oxford University Press.
  • MACCARTHY, Desmond. (1975). “Review”. In Virginia Woolf: The Critical Heritage. (Ed. Robin Majumdar and Allen McLaurin). (222-227). London: Routledge.
  • MASSEY, Doreen. (1994). Space, Place and Gender. Oxford: Blackwell.
  • MAXWELL, Anne. (2007). “Encountering the Cultural Other: Virginia Woolf in Constantinople and Katherine Mansfield in the Ureweras”. Ariel. 38 (2/3): 19- 40.
  • MCDOWELL, Linda. (2003). “Place and Space”. In A Concise Companion to Feminist Theory. (Ed. Mary Eagleton). (11-32). Oxford: Blackwell.
  • NICOLSON, Nigel. (1973). Portrait of a Marriage. London: Weidenfield and Nicolson.
  • ROESSEL, David. (1992). “The Significance of Constantinople in Orlando”. Papers on Language and Literature. 28 (4): 398-416.
  • SACKVILLE-WEST, Vita. (1917). Poems of West and East. London: John Lane.
  • SAID, Edward W. (1979). Orientalism. New York: Vintage.
  • SHOWALTER, Elaine. (1977). A Literature of Their Own: British Women Novelists from Brontë to Lessing. Princeton: Princeton University Press.
  • SPAIN, Daphne. (1992). Gendered Spaces. Chapel Hill, London: The University of North Carolina Press.
  • STAPE, J. H. (1995). Virginia Woolf: Interviews and Recollections. Houndmills, Baingstoke, Hampshire, London: Macmillan.
  • TOPPING BAZIN, Nancy. (1973). Virginia Woolf and the Androgynous Vision. New Brunswick, N.J: Rutgers University Press.
  • WEIL, Kari. (1992). Androgyny and the Denial of Difference. Charlottesville: University Press of Virginia.
  • WOLLSTONECRAFT, Mary. (1992). A Vindication of the Rights of Woman. London: Penguin.
  • WOOLF, Virginia. (1980). The Diary of Virginia Woolf. (Ed. Anne Olivier Bell). New York: Harcourt.
  • WOOLF, Virginia. (1989). Deniz Feneri. (Çev. Naciye Akseki Öncül). İstanbul: Can Yayınları.
  • WOOLF, Virginia. (1990). A Passionate Apprentice: The Early Journals of Virginia Woolf from 1897-1909. (Ed. Mitchell A. Leaska). London: The Hogarth Press.
  • WOOLF, Virginia. (1994). Orlando: Yaşamöyküsü. (Çev. Seniha Akar). İstanbul: Ayrıntı.
  • WOOLF, Virginia. (1999). Mrs. Dalloway. (Çev. Tomris Uyar). İstanbul: İletişim.
  • WOOLF, Virginia. (2002). Kendine Ait Bir Oda. (Çev. Suğra Öncü). İstanbul:
There are 42 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Journal Section Research Article
Authors

Zeynep Z. Atayurt This is me

Publication Date January 1, 2011
Published in Issue Year 2011 Volume: 51 Issue: 1

Cite

APA Atayurt, Z. Z. (2011). Virginia Woolf, Orlando ve İstanbul. Ankara Üniversitesi Dil Ve Tarih-Coğrafya Fakültesi Dergisi, 51(1), 107-122.

Ankara University Journal of the Faculty of Languages and History-Geography

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