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GAZETE KÖŞE YAZILARINDA 'DEMOKRASİ' KAVRAMINA İLİŞKİN METAFORLAR: DERLEM TEMELLİ BİR ELEŞTİREL METAFOR ÇÖZÜMLEMESİ

Year 2018, Volume: 58 Issue: 2, 1390 - 1411, 01.01.2018

Abstract

Bu çalışma, bilişsel dilbilim çerçevesi içerisinde 'demokrasi' kavramına ilişkin metaforik kavramsallaşmaları tespit etmeyi ve bu kavrama ait kültürel-bilişsel bir model önerisinde bulunmayı amaçlamaktadır. Çalışmanın veri tabanını oluşturmak için gazete köşe yazılarından oluşan TS Columns Corpus kullanılmıştır. Derlem içerisinde {demokrasi} kök sözcük olarak taranmış ve çıkan sonuçlardan 1500 örnek rastgele seçilerek çalışmaya dahil edilmiştir. Demokrasi kavramı ile ilişkili metaforların tespiti, yorumlaması ve açıklanmasında Charteris-Black tarafından ileri sürülen Eleştirel Metafor Çözümlemesi temel alınmıştır. Yapılan inceleme sonucu demokrasi kavramı ile ilişkili FİZİKSEL BİR NESNE, MÜCADELE, HEDEF, CANLI BİR VARLIK, KAP, YAPI, MAKİNE ve ARAÇ temel kaynak alanları tespit edilmiş ve bu alanların sayısal dağılımları hesaplanmıştır. En fazla dilsel ögeye sahip ilk dört kaynak alan ve alt alanlarına ait metaforik eşleşmeler çalışmada detaylı bir şekilde incelenmiştir. Çalışmada tespit edilen metaforlar, sosyal ve politik bir olgu olarak demokrasi kavramının Türkçede nasıl kavramsallaştığına ve bu kavramın içeriğinin farklı yönlerine dair bilgi vermektedir. Çalışmanın bulguları, insanların ne tür bir demokrasi ile yönetildiklerine dair algılarının yönlendirilmesinde metaforun işlevlerini ortaya koymaktadır.

References

  • Charteris-Black, Jonathan. Corpus Approaches to Critical Metaphor Analysis. New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2004.
  • --. Politicians and Rhetoric: The Persuasive Power of Power. New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2005.
  • Doğan, İsmail. Modern Toplumda Vatandaşlık, Demokrasi ve İnsan Hakları: İnsan Haklarının Kültürel Temelleri. (3. Baskı) Ankara: Pegem A Yayıncılık, 2002.
  • Efeoğlu, Esranur ve Hale Işık-Güler. “Turkey as BODY POLITIC: A Comparative Perspective on Body-Related Metaphors from Turkish, British, and American Political News Discourse.” Dilbilim Araştırmaları Dergisi 1 (2017): 57-77.
  • Erdoğan, Mustafa. Anayasal Demokrasi. Ankara: Siyasal Kitabevi, 2012.
  • Goatly, Andrew. The Language of Metaphors. London/New York: Routledge, 1997.
  • --. Washing the Brain - Metaphor and Hidden Ideology. Amsterdam/Philadelphia: John Benjamins Publishing, 2007.
  • Kövecses, Zoltan. “Language, Figurative Thought, and Cross-Cultural Comparison.” Metaphor and Symbol 18.4 (2003): 311-320.
  • --. Metaphor: A Practical Introduction (2. Baskı). New York: Oxford University Press, 2010.
  • --. “Context in Cultural Linguistics: The Case of Metaphor.” Advances in Cultural Linguistics. Ed. Farzad Sharifian. Singapore: Springer, 2017. 307-324.
  • Lakoff, George. “The Contemporary Theory of Metaphor.” Metaphor and Thought (2. Baskı) Ed. Andrew Ortony. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1993. 202-251.
  • --. The Political Mind: A Cognitive Scientist’s Guide to Your Brain and Its Politics. USA: Penguin Books, 2009.
  • Lakoff, George, Jane Espenson ve Alan Schwartz. Master Metaphor List: Second Draft Copy. Berkeley: University of California, 1991. Web. 20 Haziran 2012.
  • Lakoff, George ve Mark Johnson. Metaphors We Live By. London: The University of Chicago, 1980.
  • Musolff, Andreas. Metaphor and Political Discourse: Analogical Reasoning in Debates about Europe. London: Palgrave Macmillan, 2004.
  • Pragglejaz Group. “MIP: A Method for Identifying Metaphorically Used Words in Discourse.” Metaphor and Symbol 22. 1 (2007): 1-39.
  • Sargın, Meltem. “Gazete Köşe Yazılarında Kullanılan Dilsel Stratejilere İlişkin Bir Çözümleme Örneği.” The Journal of Academic Social Science Studies 29. 3 (2014): 351-365.
  • Sharifian, Farzad. Cultural Linguistics: Cultural Conceptualizations and Language. Amsterdam/Philadelphia: John Benjamins Publishing Company, 2017.
  • Thibodeau, Paul H. ve Lera Boroditsky. “Metaphors We Think With: The Role of Metaphor in Reasoning.” Plos One 6. 2 (2011): 1-11.
  • TS Columns Corpus. Web. 20 Mayıs 2017.
  • Van Dijk, Teun. “Opinions and Ideologies in the Press.” Approaches to Media Discourse. Ed. Alan Bell ve Peter Garrett. Oxford: Blackwell, 1998. 21-63.
  • Yanık, Lerna K. “The Metamorphosis of Metaphors of Vision: “Bridging” Turkey's Location, Role and Identity After the End of the Cold War.” Geopolitics 14.3 (2009): 531-549.

METAPHORS FOR THE CONCEPT OF 'DEMOCRACY' IN NEWSPAPER ARTICLES: A CORPUS-BASED CRITICAL METAPHOR ANALYSIS

Year 2018, Volume: 58 Issue: 2, 1390 - 1411, 01.01.2018

Abstract

This study aims to investigate the metaphoric conceptualizations of the concept 'democracy' within the cognitive linguistic framework, and to propose a cultural-cognitive model related to this concept. TS Columns Corpus that is made up of newspaper articles was employed to construct the database of the study. The lemma {demokrasi} was searched in the corpus, and randomly selected 1500 examples were included in the study. In the identification, interpretation and explanation process of the metaphors Critical Metaphor Analysis proposed by Charteris-Black 34 was employed. The source domains - A PHYSICAL OBJECT, STRUGGLE, TARGET, A LIVING BEING, CONTAINER, CONSTRUCTION, MACHINE and INSTRUMENT - were identified in the analysis, and their quantitative distribution was calculated. The conceptual mappings for the first four source domains with the highest frequency of use were analyzed in detail in the study. The metaphors identified in the study give information on how democracy, as a social and political phenomenon, is conceptualized in Turkish, and on different aspects of the content of this concept. The findings of this study reveal the functions of metaphor in shaping the perceptions of people about what kind of a democracy they are governed with.

References

  • Charteris-Black, Jonathan. Corpus Approaches to Critical Metaphor Analysis. New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2004.
  • --. Politicians and Rhetoric: The Persuasive Power of Power. New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2005.
  • Doğan, İsmail. Modern Toplumda Vatandaşlık, Demokrasi ve İnsan Hakları: İnsan Haklarının Kültürel Temelleri. (3. Baskı) Ankara: Pegem A Yayıncılık, 2002.
  • Efeoğlu, Esranur ve Hale Işık-Güler. “Turkey as BODY POLITIC: A Comparative Perspective on Body-Related Metaphors from Turkish, British, and American Political News Discourse.” Dilbilim Araştırmaları Dergisi 1 (2017): 57-77.
  • Erdoğan, Mustafa. Anayasal Demokrasi. Ankara: Siyasal Kitabevi, 2012.
  • Goatly, Andrew. The Language of Metaphors. London/New York: Routledge, 1997.
  • --. Washing the Brain - Metaphor and Hidden Ideology. Amsterdam/Philadelphia: John Benjamins Publishing, 2007.
  • Kövecses, Zoltan. “Language, Figurative Thought, and Cross-Cultural Comparison.” Metaphor and Symbol 18.4 (2003): 311-320.
  • --. Metaphor: A Practical Introduction (2. Baskı). New York: Oxford University Press, 2010.
  • --. “Context in Cultural Linguistics: The Case of Metaphor.” Advances in Cultural Linguistics. Ed. Farzad Sharifian. Singapore: Springer, 2017. 307-324.
  • Lakoff, George. “The Contemporary Theory of Metaphor.” Metaphor and Thought (2. Baskı) Ed. Andrew Ortony. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1993. 202-251.
  • --. The Political Mind: A Cognitive Scientist’s Guide to Your Brain and Its Politics. USA: Penguin Books, 2009.
  • Lakoff, George, Jane Espenson ve Alan Schwartz. Master Metaphor List: Second Draft Copy. Berkeley: University of California, 1991. Web. 20 Haziran 2012.
  • Lakoff, George ve Mark Johnson. Metaphors We Live By. London: The University of Chicago, 1980.
  • Musolff, Andreas. Metaphor and Political Discourse: Analogical Reasoning in Debates about Europe. London: Palgrave Macmillan, 2004.
  • Pragglejaz Group. “MIP: A Method for Identifying Metaphorically Used Words in Discourse.” Metaphor and Symbol 22. 1 (2007): 1-39.
  • Sargın, Meltem. “Gazete Köşe Yazılarında Kullanılan Dilsel Stratejilere İlişkin Bir Çözümleme Örneği.” The Journal of Academic Social Science Studies 29. 3 (2014): 351-365.
  • Sharifian, Farzad. Cultural Linguistics: Cultural Conceptualizations and Language. Amsterdam/Philadelphia: John Benjamins Publishing Company, 2017.
  • Thibodeau, Paul H. ve Lera Boroditsky. “Metaphors We Think With: The Role of Metaphor in Reasoning.” Plos One 6. 2 (2011): 1-11.
  • TS Columns Corpus. Web. 20 Mayıs 2017.
  • Van Dijk, Teun. “Opinions and Ideologies in the Press.” Approaches to Media Discourse. Ed. Alan Bell ve Peter Garrett. Oxford: Blackwell, 1998. 21-63.
  • Yanık, Lerna K. “The Metamorphosis of Metaphors of Vision: “Bridging” Turkey's Location, Role and Identity After the End of the Cold War.” Geopolitics 14.3 (2009): 531-549.
There are 22 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Journal Section Research Article
Authors

Melike Baş

Publication Date January 1, 2018
Published in Issue Year 2018 Volume: 58 Issue: 2

Cite

APA Baş, M. (2018). GAZETE KÖŞE YAZILARINDA ’DEMOKRASİ’ KAVRAMINA İLİŞKİN METAFORLAR: DERLEM TEMELLİ BİR ELEŞTİREL METAFOR ÇÖZÜMLEMESİ. Ankara Üniversitesi Dil Ve Tarih-Coğrafya Fakültesi Dergisi, 58(2), 1390-1411.

Ankara University Journal of the Faculty of Languages and History-Geography

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