Fibrinojen/Albümin Oranının COVID-19 Hastalarının Prognozundaki Değeri

Abstract

Amaç: Fibrinojen ve albümin inflamasyonda rol oynayabilen proteinlerdendir. Bu çalışmada, koronavirüs hastalığı 2019 (coronavirus disease 2019, COVID-19) hastalarında fibrinojen, albümin ve fibrinojen/albümin oranı (FAR) düzeylerinin hastalık şiddeti ve prognoz belirteçleri olarak rolünün araştırılması amaçlanmıştır. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Çalışmada Mart ve Mayıs 2020 tarihleri arasında COVID-19 tanısı ile Sakarya Eğitim ve Araştırma Hastanesi Nöroloji Kliniği’ne yatırılan 19 ve 84 yaş arasındaki 71 hasta geriye dönük olarak analiz edildi. Hastaların fibrinojen, albümin, FAR, D-dimer, trombosit ve C-reaktif protein (CRP) düzeyleri, hastanede kalış süresinin uzunluğu, hayatta kalma ve COVID-19 klinik şiddetine göre karşılaştırıldı. Bulgular: Hastaların 28’i (%39,4) erkek ve 43’ü (%60,6) kadın olup yaş ortalaması 55,7±20,7 yıl idi. COVID-19 klinik şiddetine göre ayrılmış olan gruplar arasında yaş, fibrinojen, albümin, FAR, D-dimer ve CRP değerleri açısından anlamlı bir farklılık vardı (tüm p değerleri <0,001). Ayrıca, hastanede daha uzun süre yatan hastalarda fibrinojen, FAR, D-dimer ve CRP değerleri anlamlı olarak daha yüksek bulunurken, bu hastalarda albümin düzeyleri daha düşüktü (tüm p değerleri <0,001). Hayatta kalamayan hastalarda yaşayan hastalara göre FAR değerleri daha yüksek ve albümin değerleri daha düşüktü (sırasıyla, p=0.025 ve p<0.001). Sonuç: FAR seviyeleri, COVID-19 hastalarında ölüm riskini tahmin etmede faydalı olabilir. Ayrıca hastalığın şiddeti ve hastanede kalış süresi arttıkça daha yüksek seviyelere sahip olduğu için prognozu belirlemede de yardımcı ve faydalı olabilir.

Keywords

• COVID-19
• fibrinojen
• albumin
• fibrinojen/albumin

The Value of Fibrinogen/Albumin Ratio on Prognosis of COVID-19 Patients

Abstract

Aim: Fibrinogen and albumin are proteins that play a role in inflammation. In this study, it was aimed to investigate the role of fibrinogen, albumin, and fibrinogen/albumin ratio (FAR) levels as markers of disease severity and prognosis in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients. Material and Methods: Seventy-one patients aged between 19 and 84 years diagnosed with COVID-19 who were hospitalized in Sakarya University Training and Research Hospital, Neurology Department between March and May 2020 were analyzed retrospectively. Fibrinogen, albumin, FAR, D-dimer, platelet, and C-reactive protein (CRP) levels of the patients were compared according to the length of hospitalization duration, survival, and clinical severity of COVID-19. Results: Twenty-eight (%39.4) of the patients were male and 43 (%60.6) were female, and the mean age was 55.7±20.7 years. There was a significant difference between the groups of COVID-19 clinical severity in terms of age, fibrinogen, albumin, FAR, D-dimer, and CRP values (all p values were <0.001). Also, significantly higher fibrinogen, FAR, D-dimer, and CRP values were found in patients hospitalized longer, while the albumin level was lower in these patients (all p values were <0.001). FAR values were higher and albumin values were lower in non-surviving patients compared to surviving patients (p=0.025 and p<0.001, respectively). Conclusion: FAR levels may be useful in predicting mortality risk in COVID-19 patients. In addition, it may be helpful and useful in determining the prognosis since it has higher levels as the severity of the disease and the length of hospital stay increase.

Keywords

• fibrinogen
• albumin
• fibrinogen/albumin ratio
• COVID-19

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