Deneysel Sinirbilim Araştırmalarında Kullanılan Hayvan Deneyleri: Öğrenme, Hafıza, Anksiyete, Depresyon ve Motor Fonksiyon Davranış Deneyleri

Year 2024, , 65 - 71, 30.06.2024

Güven Akçay

https://doi.org/10.18678/dtfd.1493348

Abstract

Davranış deneyleri, 1904'te Ivan Pavlov'un klasik koşullanma araştırmalarından beri yapılmaktadır. Hastalıkların mekanizmalarının anlaşılması, bu hastalıkların önlenmesi ve etkin tedavi yöntemlerinin geliştirilmesinde, deneysel çalışmalar önemli rol oynar. Hayvan modelleri kullanılarak yapılan araştırmalar, bu hastalıkların mekanizmalarını aydınlatabilmek ve etkin tedavi stratejileri geliştirebilmek için oldukça önemlidir. Bir tedavi yönteminin araştırılmasında, yeni tedavi protokollerinin geliştirilmesinde ve yeni ilaç moleküllerinin keşfedilmesinde, hayvan modelleri yaygın olarak kullanılır. Geliştirilecek olan ilacın etkinliği hem araştırılmaya başlanmadan önce hayvan modelinin oluşup oluşmadığının test edilmesi için hem de ilacın tedavideki etkinliği açısından ve hem de araştırılacak mekanizmaların aydınlatılması için oldukça önemlidir. Bundan dolayı genellikle davranış deneyleri ile değerlendirmeler yapılır. Her davranış deneyinin kendine özgü avantajları ve dezavantajları vardır. Bu nedenle araştırmacı, davranış deneyini seçmeden önce bu avantajların ve kısıtlamaların farkında olarak en uygun davranış deneyini tercih etmelidir. Bu derlemede Alzheimer, epilepsi, migren, nöropatik ağrı, şizofreni, Parkinson, serebral iskemi ve travmatik beyin hasarı gibi deneysel modellerde en sık kullanılan öğrenme, hafıza, anksiyete, depresyon ve motor fonksiyon davranışsal deney protokollerinin detaylı olarak tanımlanması amaçlandı.

Keywords

Anksiyete, depresyon, hafıza, öğrenme, motor fonksiyon

Animal Experiments Used in Experimental Neuroscience Research: Learning, Memory, Anxiety, Depression and Motor Function Behavioural Experiments

Abstract

Behavioral experiments have been conducted since the classical conditioning research of Ivan Pavlov in 1904. Experimental research plays an important role in understanding the mechanisms of diseases, preventing these diseases, and developing effective treatment methods. Research using animal models is very important to understand the mechanisms of these diseases and to develop effective treatment strategies. Animal models are widely used in the research of a treatment method, the development of novel treatment protocols, and the discovery of new drug molecules. The efficacy of the drug to be developed is very important both for testing whether the animal model is formed before starting the research and for the effectiveness of the drug in treatment and for the elucidation of the mechanisms to be investigated. Therefore, evaluations are usually made with behavioral experiments. Each behavioral experiment has its own advantages and disadvantages. Therefore, the researcher should be aware of these advantages and limitations before choosing the most appropriate behavioral experiment. This review aimed to describe the most commonly used learning, memory, anxiety, depression, and motor function behavioral experimental protocols in experimental models such as Alzheimer's, epilepsy, migraine, neuropathic pain, schizophrenia, Parkinson's, cerebral ischemia, and traumatic brain injury.

Keywords

Anxiety, depression, learning, memory, motor function

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