Lung Tissue Damage in the Experimental Carbon Tetrachloride Toxicity and Protective Role of Melatonin Hormone: A light Microscopic and Biochemical Study

Abstract

In this study, it was aimed to investigate the protective effects of melatonin hormone against tocarbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced toxicity in lung tissue. Twenty-four male Wistar-Albinorats were randomly divided into three equal groups. Rats in group I were used as control. Ratsin group II were injected subcutaneously every other day with CCl4. Rats in group III wereinjected subcutaneously every other day with CCl4 and melatonin. At the end of four weeks ofexperimental period, all animals were killed by decapitation and their lungs were removed. Forbiochemical examination, superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px)enzyme activities and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels were determinated by aspectrophotometer in some of the lung tissue specimens. For light microscopic examination,tissue specimens were embedded in paraffin blocks following routine histological procedures.In lung tissue samples of rats treated with CCl4, SOD and GSH-Px enzyme activities weresignificantly lower and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels were significantly higher than thecontrol group. Microscopically, interstitial pulmonary hemorrhage, leucocytes with polymorphicnuclei and macrophage infiltration were observed in the lung specimens of rats exposed to CCl4alone.There is a statistically significant increase in SOD and GSH-Px enzyme activities, and adecrease in MDA levels in rats treated with CCl4 and melatonin. Histopathological changescaused by CCl4 toxicity were not observed in rats treated by melatonin. It is concluded thatCCl4 creates oxidative damage in lung tissue and melatonin has protective effects against thisCCl4 induced damage.Anahtar kelimeler: Lung, CCl4, oxidative stress, rat

Keywords

• Lung, CCl4, oxidative stress, rat

Deneysel Karbon Tetraklorür Zehirlenmesinde Akciğer Doku Hasarı ve Melatonin Hormonunun Koruyucu Rolü: Işık Mikroskobik ve Biyokimyasal Bir Çalışma

Abstract

Bu çalışmada, akciğer dokusu üzerindeki karbon tetraklorür (CCl4) toksisitesine karşı melatoninhormonunun koruyucu etkisinin incelenmesi amaçlandı. 24 adet Wistar-Albino cinsi erkeksıçanlar üç eşit gruba ayrıldı. Grup I’deki sıçanlar kontrol olarak kullanıldı. Grup II’dekihayvanlara gün aşırı olarak ve derialtı yolla CCl4 uygulandı. Grup III’deki sıçanlara ise CCl4enjeksiyonu ile birlikte yine gün aşırı olarak ve derialtı yolla melatonin verildi. Dört haftalıkdeney süresi sonunda bütün sıçanlar dekapite edilerek akciğerleri çıkartıldı. Biyokimyasalincelemeler için, akciğer doku örneklerinin bir bölümünde süperoksit dismutaz (SOD), glutatyonperoksidaz (GSH-Px) enzim aktiviteleri ve malondialdehit (MDA) seviyeleri spektrofotometrikolarak belirlendi. Mikroskobik incelemeler için, doku örnekleri rutin histolojik prosedürlerdengeçirilerek parafine gömüldü. CCl4 enjeksiyonu yapılan sıçanlara ait akciğer dokuörneklerindeki SOD ve GSH-Px enzim aktivitelerinin kontrol grubuna göre istatistiksel olarakanlamlı bir şekilde azaldığı, MDA düzeylerinin ise arttığı tespit edildi. Mikroskobik incelemedeise, CCl4 maruziyetinin akciğerde pulmoner interstisyumda hemoraji’ye, polimorf çekirdeklilökosit ve makrofaj infiltrasyonuna neden olduğu görüldü. CCl4 enjeksiyonu ile birliktemelatonin uygulanan hayvanlarda, SOD ve GSH-Px enzim aktivitelerinde bir artışın meydanageldiği, MDA değerlerinde ise anlamlı bir düşüşün olduğu gözlendi. Işık mikroskobikincelemelerde, CCl4 toksisitesinin neden olduğu histopatolojik değişikliklerin melatoninuygulamasıyla düzeldiği görüldü. CCl4 toksisitesinin akciğerlerde önemli ölçüde oksidatif dokuhasarına yol açtığı ve bu hasarın melatonin uygulamasıyla önlenebildiği tespit edildi

Keywords

• Akciğer,CCl4,Oksidatif hasar,Sıçan

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