Calcium as One of the Mechanisms of Ischemic Preconditioning and Postconditioning

Abstract

After the endogenous phenomenon of “ischemic preconditioning” in which repetitive briefepisodes of ischemia render the myocardium more resistant to subsequent prolonged ischemicinsult; in recent years, the protection via a similiar regimen of brief episodes of ischemia carriedout “just after”, instead of “just before” the maintained ischemia was determined as“postconditioning”.High levels of Ca++are blamed for fatal injury of cells that underwent to ischemia-reperfusionand their postischemic dysfunction. Besides, the main reason of cell dysfunction is dependenton ischemia-reperfusion and cell death are stressed on as “intracellular Ca++overloading”.However; it was showed that, paradoxal elevations of Ca++levels in a short interval protectsthe tissue from the more serious elevations of it.Though the protective mechanisms of ischemic preconditioning and postconditioning are notclearly known yet, lots of the potential mechanisms had been blaming up to date. It is thoughtthat, Ca++holds an important place in those potential mechanisms

Keywords

• Ischemia,Reperfusion,Ischemia/Reperfusion,Ischemic Preconditioning,Postconditioning,Calcium.

skemik Ön Koşullanma ve Sonradan Koşullanma Mekanizmalarından Biri Olarak Kalsiyum

Abstract

Önceki kısa süreli tekrarlayan iskemi-reperfüzyon dönemlerinin, miyokardiyumu, daha sonrakiasıl iskemi-reperfüzyon hasarına karşı daha dirençli hale getirdiği ve koruyucu etkisi olduğugösterilen endojen fenomen “iskemik ön koşullanma”dan sonra; son yıllarda, benzer bir rejimle,maruz kalınan iskemiden “hemen önce” yerine, “hemen sonra” kısa süreli tekrarlayan iskemireperfüzyon epizodlarının uygulanması ile oluşan koruyuculuk ise “sonradan-koşullanma”olarak tanımlanmıştır.İskemi-reperfüzyona uğramış hasarlı hücrelerdeki ölümcül hasardan ve bunların postiskemikdisfonksiyonundan, yüksek Ca++konsantrasyonu sorumlu tutulmakta ve iskemi-reperfüzyonabağlı hücre disfonksiyonu ve ölümünün asıl nedeni olarak “intrasellüler Ca++yüklenmesi”gösterilmektedir. Bununla birlikte, kısa süreli Ca++paradoks yükselmesinin dokuyu daha ciddiCa++yükselmelerinden koruduğu da bildirilmiştir.İÖ ve SK’nın koruyucu mekanizmaları henüz tam olarak bilinmemekle birlikte, bugüne dekpotansiyel birçok mekanizma suçlanmıştır. Ca++’ un bu mekanizmalar içinde önemli bir yertuttuğu düşünülmektedir

Keywords

• İskemi,Reperfüzyon,İskemi/Reperfüzyon,İskemik ön koşullanma,Sonradan koşullanma,Kalsiyum

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