Çeşitli Klinik Örneklerden İzole Edilen Metisiline Dirençli ve Duyarlı Staphylococcus aureus Suşlarının Toksin Profillerinin Araştırılması

Abstract

Amaç: Bu çalışmada çeşitli klinik materyallerden elde edilen Staphylococcus aureus izolatlarında süperantijenik (SAg) toksin, eksfoliatif toksin (ET), hemolizin (HLY) ve lökotoksin (LUK) genleri ve aksesuar gen regülatör (agr) tiplerinin araştırılması amaçlandı. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Toplam 190 S. aureus izolatında toksin genleri, mecA geni ve agr tipleri polimeraz zincir reaksiyonu (PZR) kullanılarak incelendi. Bulgular: mecA geni 87 (%45,8) izolatta tespit edildi. İncelenen 190 S. aureus izolatının %83,7’si (n=159) SAg genleri yönünden pozitif bulundu. En yaygın toksin geni seg (%41,1) olarak belirlenirken, bunu sırasıyla sei (%38,9), selo (%38,9), selm (%28,4), sea (%25,8) ve tst (%18,4) genleri izledi. Yetmiş bir farklı SAg toksin profili belirlendi. sei, seg, selm, seln ve selo genlerini taşıyan tip I νSaβ 37 (%19,5) izolatta tespit edilerek en yaygın mobil genetik element (MGE) olarak belirlendi. hla, hlb, hld, hlg ve hlg2 genleri izolatların sırasıyla %92,6 (n=176), %1,6 (n=3), %98,9 (n=188), %1,1 (n=2) ve %31,6’sında (n=60) tespit edildi. pvl geni sırasıyla, metisilin dirençli S. aureus (methicillin resistant S. aureus, MRSA) izolatlarının %12,6’sında (n=11) ve metisilin duyarlı S. aureus (methicillin sensitive S. aureus, MSSA) izolatlarının ise %14,6’sında (n=15) saptandı (p=0,701). İzolatların hiçbiri lukM geni taşımazken, MSSA izolatlarının %67’si (n=69) ve MRSA izolatlarının %69’u (n=60) lukED geni için pozitif bulundu (p=0,519). Sonuç: S. aureus izolatları arasında toksin genlerinin yüksek oranda bulunması ve çeşitliliği, toksin genlerinin MGE'ler aracılığıyla horizontal transferi ile açıklanabilir.

Keywords

• Staphylococcus aureus
• Metisilin direnci
• Toksin
• Gen

Investigation of Toxin Profiles of Methicillin Resistant and Sensitive Staphylococcus aureus Strains Isolated from Various Clinical Specimens

Abstract

Aim: This study aimed to investigate the superantigenic (SAg) toxin, exfoliative toxin (ET), hemolysin (HLY), leukotoxin (LUK) genes and accessory gene regulator (agr) types in Staphylococcus aureus isolates from various clinical materials. Material and Methods: A total of 190 S. aureus isolates were investigated for the presence of toxin genes, mecA gene and agr types using by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Results: mecA gene was detected in 87 (45.8%) isolates. Of the 190 S. aureus isolates examined, 83.7% (n=159) were found to be positive for SAg genes. The seg (41.1%) was determined to be the most common toxin gene, followed by sei (38.9%), selo (38.9%), selm (28.4%), sea (%25.8), and tst (18.4%) genes, respectively. Seventy one different SAg toxin profiles were identified. Type I νSaβ encoding seg, sei, selm, seln and selo was the most common mobile genetic element (MGE), which was detected in 37 isolates (19.5%). The hla, hlb, hld, hlg and hlg2 genes were detected in 92.6% (n=176), 1.6% (n=3), 98.9% (n=188), 1.1% (n=2) and 31.6% (n=60) of the isolates, respectively. The pvl gene was detected in 12.6% (n=11) of methicillin resistant S. aureus (MRSA) and 14.6% (n=15) of methicillin sensitive S. aureus (MSSA), respectively (p=0.701). While none of the isolates carried lukM gene, 67% (n=69) of MSSA and 69% (n=60) of MRSA isolates were found to be positive for lukED gene (p=0.519). Conclusion: High occurrence and diversity of toxin genes among S. aureus isolates could be explained by horizontal transmission of toxin genes through MGEs.

Keywords

• Staphylococcus aureus
• Methicillin resistance
• Toxin
• Gene

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