Case Report
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Göz Yaşartıcı Gaz Maruziyetine Bağlı Hava Yolu Obstrüksiyonu ve Bilateral Yamalı Parankimal İnfiltrasyonlar

Year 2020, Volume: 22 Issue: 2, 146 - 148, 30.08.2020
https://doi.org/10.18678/dtfd.751582

Abstract

Elli yaşında hiç sigara içmemiş kadın hasta, balgam ve eforla artan nefes darlığı gibi solunum yakınmaları ile hastaneye başvurdu. Anamnezde bu semptomlara yol açabilecek ne mesleki ne de hobileri ile ilişkili bir özellik yoktu. Bununla birlikte, birkaç kez yoğun göz yaşartıcı gaza maruz kaldığından bahsetti ve bu maruziyetlerden hemen sonra nefes darlığı ve hırıltı tarif etti. Bilgisayarlı tomografisinde akciğerde iki taraflı periferik dağılımlı yamalı infiltrasyonları ve buzlu cam opasiteleri mevcuttu. Solunum fonksiyon testinde FEV1/FVC oranı %67 idi. Daha önceki radyografilerde lezyon olmaması, maruziyet kesildikten sonra yakınmalarında ve solunum fonksiyon testinde düzelme ve parankim lezyonlarında gerileme olması chlorobenzylidene malononitrile (CS) gazı maruziyetine bağlı pulmoner tutulumun kanıtlarıydı. Bu olgu özellikle hastadan ayrıntılı anamnez almanın öneminin altını çizmek, çevresel ve sosyal ortamların insan sağlığı üzerine olumsuz etkisini göstermek ve kullanılan gazların düşünüldüğü kadar masum olmadığını vurgulamak için sunulmuştur.

References

  • Dimitroglou Y, Rachiotis G, Hadjichristodoulou C. Exposure to the riot control agent CS and potential health effects: a systematic review of the evidence. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2015;12(2):1397-411.
  • Worthington E, Nee PA. CS exposure--clinical effects and management. J Accid Emerg Med. 1999:16(3):168-70.
  • Park S, Giammona ST. Toxic effects of tear gas on an infant following prolonged exposure. Am J Dis Child. 1972;123(3):245-6.
  • Hu H, Fine J, Epstein P, Kelsey K, Reynolds P, Walker B. Tear gas--harassing agent or toxic chemical weapon? JAMA. 1989;262(5):660-3.
  • Rothenberg C, Achanta S, Svendsen ER, Jordt SE. Tear gas: an epidemiological and mechanistic reassessment. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2016;1378(1):96-107.
  • Toprak S, Ersoy G, Hart J, Clevestig P. The pathology of lethal exposure to the Riot Control Agents: towards a forensics-based methodology for determining misuse. J Forensic Leg Med. 2015;29:36-42.
  • Arbak P, Başer İ, Kumbasar ÖO, Ülger F, Kılıçaslan Z, Evyapan F. Long term effects of tear gases on respiratory system: analysis of 93 cases. Sci World J. 2014;2014:9636638.
  • Ilgaz A, Uyanusta FÇK, Arbak P, Müezzinoğlu A, Çiftçi UT, Akpınar S, et al. Extensive exposure to tear gases in Ankara. Turk Thorac J. 2019;20(2):108-13.

Airway Obstruction and Patchy Parenchymal Infiltrations Related to Tear Gas Exposure

Year 2020, Volume: 22 Issue: 2, 146 - 148, 30.08.2020
https://doi.org/10.18678/dtfd.751582

Abstract

A 50 year old nonsmoker female patient with respiratory complaints including phlegm and effort-related dyspnea admitted to the hospital. Anamnesis pointed out neither occupational nor hobby-related exposures. However, she mentioned several intense tear gas exposures, and describe dyspnea and wheezing right after these exposures. Computed tomography of the lung showed patchy areas of consolidation and ground glass opacity. Pulmonary function tests revealed an FEV1/FVC ratio of 67%. Chlorobenzylidene malononitrile (CS) gas related pulmonary involvement was evident due to the lack of lesions on previous radiographs, improvement of her complaints and respiratory function test, and regression of the parenchymal lesions after ceasing the exposure. This case is presented to emphasize the importance of taking detailed anamnesis of the patient and to demonstrate the negative impacts of physical and social environment on human health, and more specifically to suggest that the riot control gases used are not as harmless as believed.

Thanks

Acknowledgements: I would like to thank Osman Elbek for his support in interpreting some of the data.

References

  • Dimitroglou Y, Rachiotis G, Hadjichristodoulou C. Exposure to the riot control agent CS and potential health effects: a systematic review of the evidence. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2015;12(2):1397-411.
  • Worthington E, Nee PA. CS exposure--clinical effects and management. J Accid Emerg Med. 1999:16(3):168-70.
  • Park S, Giammona ST. Toxic effects of tear gas on an infant following prolonged exposure. Am J Dis Child. 1972;123(3):245-6.
  • Hu H, Fine J, Epstein P, Kelsey K, Reynolds P, Walker B. Tear gas--harassing agent or toxic chemical weapon? JAMA. 1989;262(5):660-3.
  • Rothenberg C, Achanta S, Svendsen ER, Jordt SE. Tear gas: an epidemiological and mechanistic reassessment. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2016;1378(1):96-107.
  • Toprak S, Ersoy G, Hart J, Clevestig P. The pathology of lethal exposure to the Riot Control Agents: towards a forensics-based methodology for determining misuse. J Forensic Leg Med. 2015;29:36-42.
  • Arbak P, Başer İ, Kumbasar ÖO, Ülger F, Kılıçaslan Z, Evyapan F. Long term effects of tear gases on respiratory system: analysis of 93 cases. Sci World J. 2014;2014:9636638.
  • Ilgaz A, Uyanusta FÇK, Arbak P, Müezzinoğlu A, Çiftçi UT, Akpınar S, et al. Extensive exposure to tear gases in Ankara. Turk Thorac J. 2019;20(2):108-13.
There are 8 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Clinical Sciences
Journal Section Case Report
Authors

Nilüfer Aykaç 0000-0003-1407-8258

Publication Date August 30, 2020
Submission Date June 11, 2020
Published in Issue Year 2020 Volume: 22 Issue: 2

Cite

APA Aykaç, N. (2020). Airway Obstruction and Patchy Parenchymal Infiltrations Related to Tear Gas Exposure. Duzce Medical Journal, 22(2), 146-148. https://doi.org/10.18678/dtfd.751582
AMA Aykaç N. Airway Obstruction and Patchy Parenchymal Infiltrations Related to Tear Gas Exposure. Duzce Med J. August 2020;22(2):146-148. doi:10.18678/dtfd.751582
Chicago Aykaç, Nilüfer. “Airway Obstruction and Patchy Parenchymal Infiltrations Related to Tear Gas Exposure”. Duzce Medical Journal 22, no. 2 (August 2020): 146-48. https://doi.org/10.18678/dtfd.751582.
EndNote Aykaç N (August 1, 2020) Airway Obstruction and Patchy Parenchymal Infiltrations Related to Tear Gas Exposure. Duzce Medical Journal 22 2 146–148.
IEEE N. Aykaç, “Airway Obstruction and Patchy Parenchymal Infiltrations Related to Tear Gas Exposure”, Duzce Med J, vol. 22, no. 2, pp. 146–148, 2020, doi: 10.18678/dtfd.751582.
ISNAD Aykaç, Nilüfer. “Airway Obstruction and Patchy Parenchymal Infiltrations Related to Tear Gas Exposure”. Duzce Medical Journal 22/2 (August 2020), 146-148. https://doi.org/10.18678/dtfd.751582.
JAMA Aykaç N. Airway Obstruction and Patchy Parenchymal Infiltrations Related to Tear Gas Exposure. Duzce Med J. 2020;22:146–148.
MLA Aykaç, Nilüfer. “Airway Obstruction and Patchy Parenchymal Infiltrations Related to Tear Gas Exposure”. Duzce Medical Journal, vol. 22, no. 2, 2020, pp. 146-8, doi:10.18678/dtfd.751582.
Vancouver Aykaç N. Airway Obstruction and Patchy Parenchymal Infiltrations Related to Tear Gas Exposure. Duzce Med J. 2020;22(2):146-8.