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Nörolojik Hastalıklarda Deneysel Hayvan Modelleri

Year 2024, Volume: 26 Issue: S1, 55 - 64, 30.06.2024
https://doi.org/10.18678/dtfd.1481630

Abstract

İnsan beyni, milyarlarca nöronu ve trilyonlarca bağlantıyı kontrol eden bir yapıdır. Eşsiz bir anatomiye sahip olan bu yapının sayısız nöron ve bağlantıya sahip olması, onun anlaşılmasını daha da karmaşık hale getirmektedir. Hafıza, hareket, duyu ve duygular gibi özelleşmiş fonksiyonlar için farklı bölgelere ayrılmış olan beyin, insanın biliş ve davranışında büyük öneme sahiptir. Yüzyıllardır süren araştırmalar, teknolojinin de gelişmesiyle sinirbilimini ileriye taşımış, beynin nörolojik, davranışsal ve yapısal özelliklerinin anlaşılmasını sağlamıştır. Alzheimer, Parkinson, multiple skleroz, amyotrofik lateral skleroz, migren, epilepsi ve şizofreni gibi nörolojik bozukluklara yönelik tedavilerin geliştirilebilmesi ve hastalıkların karmaşık mekanizmalarının anlaşılması için yeni tedavi yöntemlerinin, ilaç ve ürünlerinin doğrudan insanlarla çalışılması etik sorunlar doğuracağından nörodejeneratif hastalıkların tedavisinde, deneysel hayvan modellerine ihtiyaç duyulmaktadır. Nörolojik bozuklukların fizyopatolojik özelliklerini aydınlatmak için hali hazırda geliştirilmiş birçok deneysel hayvan modeli mevcuttur. Bu derlemede, günümüzde geliştirilen nörodejeneratif hastalıklara yönelik deneysel modellerin bölümler halinde özetlenmesidir. Bir deneysel hayvan modelinin, insandaki hastalık sürecini tamamen karşılayamayacağını bilmekle birlikte en azından hastalığın anlaşılmasında yol gösterici olabilir.

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Experimental Animal Models in Neurological Diseases

Year 2024, Volume: 26 Issue: S1, 55 - 64, 30.06.2024
https://doi.org/10.18678/dtfd.1481630

Abstract

The human brain is a structure that controls billions of neurons and trillions of connections. Having a unique anatomy with countless neurons and connections makes its understanding even more complex. The brain, divided into different regions for specialized functions such as memory, movement, sensation, and emotions, holds great significance in human cognition and behavior. Centuries of research, coupled with advancements in technology, have propelled neuroscience forward, facilitating the understanding of the neurological, behavioral, and structural characteristics of the brain. Developing treatments for neurological disorders such as Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, multiple sclerosis, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, migraine, epilepsy, and schizophrenia as well as understanding the complex mechanisms of these diseases, require the exploration of new treatment methods, drugs, and products through direct experimentation on humans, which raises ethical concerns. Therefore, experimental animal models are needed in the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases. There are currently many experimental animal models developed to elucidate the pathophysiological characteristics of neurological disorders. The aim of this review was to summarize the experimental models of neurodegenerative diseases developed today in sections. While recognizing that an experimental animal model may not fully replicate the disease process in humans, it can at least provide guidance in understanding the disease.

References

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  • Mucke L. Neuroscience: Alzheimer's disease. Nature. 2009;461(7266):895-7.
  • Piaceri I, Nacmias B, Sorbi S. Genetics of familial and sporadic Alzheimer's disease. Front Bosci (Elite Ed). 2013;5(1):167-77.
  • Rajmohan R, Reddy PH. Amyloid-Beta and phosphorylated tau accumulations cause abnormalities at synapses of Alzheimer’s disease neurons. J Alzheimers Dis. 2017;57(4):975-99.
  • Shree S, Bhardwaj R, Kashish, Deshmukh R. Non-transgenic animal models of Alzheimer’s disease. In: Bansal PK, Deshmukh R, editors. Animal models of neurological disorders: principle and working procedure for animal models of neurological disorders. Singapore: Springer Singapore; 2017. p.3-22.
  • Li X, Bao X, Wang R. Experimental models of Alzheimer's disease for deciphering the pathogenesis and therapeutic screening (Review). Int J Mol Med. 2016;37(2):271-83.
  • Sasaguri H, Nilsson P, Hashimoto S, Nagata K, Saito T, De Strooper B, et al. APP mouse models for Alzheimer's disease preclinical studies. EMBO J. 2017;36(17):2473-87.
  • Sahara N, Lewis J. Amyloid precursor protein and tau transgenic models of Alzheimer's disease: insights from the past and directions for the future. Future Neurol. 2010;5(3):411-20.
  • Kamat PK. Streptozotocin induced Alzheimer's disease like changes and the underlying neural degeneration and regeneration mechanism. Neural Regen Res. 2015;10(7):1050-2.
  • Pal A, Rani I, Pawar A, Picozza M, Rongioletti M, Squitti R. Microglia and astrocytes in Alzheimer's disease in the context of the aberrant copper homeostasis hypothesis. Biomolecules. 2021;11(11):1598.
  • Kim HY, Lee DK, Chung BR, Kim HV, Kim Y. Intracerebroventricular injection of amyloid-β peptides in normal mice to acutely induce Alzheimer-like cognitive deficits. J Vis Exp. 2016;(109):53308.
  • Kumar A, Dogra S, Prakash A. Neuroprotective effects of Centella asiatica against intracerebroventricular colchicine-induced cognitive impairment and oxidative stress. Int J Alzheimers Dis. 2009;2009:972178.
  • Kumar A, Seghal N, Naidu PS, Padi SS, Goyal R. Colchicines-induced neurotoxicity as an animal model of sporadic dementia of Alzheimer's type. Pharmacol Rep. 2007;59(3):274-83.
  • Savory J, Herman MM, Ghribi O. Mechanisms of aluminum-induced neurodegeneration in animals: Implications for Alzheimer's disease. J Alzheimers Dis. 2006;10(2-3):135-44.
  • Walton JR. An aluminum-based rat model for Alzheimer’s disease exhibits oxidative damage, inhibition of PP2A activity, hyperphosphorylated tau, and granulovacuolar degeneration. J Inorg Biochem. 2007;101(9):1275-84.
  • Watt NT, Whitehouse IJ, Hooper NM. The role of zinc in Alzheimer's disease. Int J Alzheimers Dis. 2011;2011:971021.
  • Zhan X, Stamova B, Sharp FR. Lipopolysaccharide associates with amyloid plaques, neurons and oligodendrocytes in Alzheimer's disease brain: a review. Front Aging Neurosci. 2018;10:42.
  • Dickson DW. Neuropathology of Parkinson disease. Parkinsonism Relat Disord. 2018;46(Suppl 1):S30-S3.
  • Dauer W, Przedborski S. Parkinson's disease: mechanisms and models. Neuron. 2003;39(6):889-909.
  • Sharma N, Jamwal S, Singh S, Gill HK, Bansal PK. Animal models of Parkinson’s disease. In: Bansal PK, Deshmukh R, editors. Animal models of neurological disorders: principle and working procedure for animal models of neurological disorders. Singapore: Springer Singapore; 2017. p.23-42.
  • Blandini F, Armentero MT, Martignoni E. The 6-hydroxydopamine model: News from the past. Parkinsonism Relat Disord. 2008;14(Suppl 2):S124-9.
  • Masilamoni GJ, Smith Y. Chronic MPTP administration regimen in monkeys: a model of dopaminergic and non-dopaminergic cell loss in Parkinson’s disease. J Neural Transm (Vienna). 2018;125(3):337-63.
  • Smeyne RJ, Jackson-Lewis V. The MPTP model of Parkinson's disease. Brain Res Mol Brain Res. 2005;134(1):57-66.
  • Jagmag SA, Tripathi N, Shukla SD, Maiti S, Khurana S. Evaluation of models of Parkinson's disease. Front Neurosci. 2016;9:503.
  • Perier C, Bové J, Vila M, Przedborski S. The rotenone model of Parkinson's disease. Trends Neurosci. 2003;26(7):345-6.
  • Berry C, La Vecchia C, Nicotera P. Paraquat and Parkinson's disease. Cell Death Differ. 2010;17(7):1115-25.
  • Deng I, Corrigan F, Zhai G, Zhou XF, Bobrovskaya L. Lipopolysaccharide animal models of Parkinson’s disease: Recent progress and relevance to clinical disease. Brain Behav Immun Health. 2020;4:100060.
  • Kalinderi K, Bostantjopoulou S, Fidani L. The genetic background of Parkinson's disease: current progress and future prospects. Acta Neurol Scand. 2016;134(5):314-26.
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There are 99 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Clinical Sciences (Other), Neurology and Neuromuscular Diseases
Journal Section Invited Review
Authors

Neslihan Şirin 0000-0002-3470-0043

Şerif Demir 0000-0002-2548-1969

Early Pub Date May 10, 2024
Publication Date June 30, 2024
Submission Date February 28, 2024
Acceptance Date April 3, 2024
Published in Issue Year 2024 Volume: 26 Issue: S1

Cite

APA Şirin, N., & Demir, Ş. (2024). Experimental Animal Models in Neurological Diseases. Duzce Medical Journal, 26(S1), 55-64. https://doi.org/10.18678/dtfd.1481630
AMA Şirin N, Demir Ş. Experimental Animal Models in Neurological Diseases. Duzce Med J. June 2024;26(S1):55-64. doi:10.18678/dtfd.1481630
Chicago Şirin, Neslihan, and Şerif Demir. “Experimental Animal Models in Neurological Diseases”. Duzce Medical Journal 26, no. S1 (June 2024): 55-64. https://doi.org/10.18678/dtfd.1481630.
EndNote Şirin N, Demir Ş (June 1, 2024) Experimental Animal Models in Neurological Diseases. Duzce Medical Journal 26 S1 55–64.
IEEE N. Şirin and Ş. Demir, “Experimental Animal Models in Neurological Diseases”, Duzce Med J, vol. 26, no. S1, pp. 55–64, 2024, doi: 10.18678/dtfd.1481630.
ISNAD Şirin, Neslihan - Demir, Şerif. “Experimental Animal Models in Neurological Diseases”. Duzce Medical Journal 26/S1 (June 2024), 55-64. https://doi.org/10.18678/dtfd.1481630.
JAMA Şirin N, Demir Ş. Experimental Animal Models in Neurological Diseases. Duzce Med J. 2024;26:55–64.
MLA Şirin, Neslihan and Şerif Demir. “Experimental Animal Models in Neurological Diseases”. Duzce Medical Journal, vol. 26, no. S1, 2024, pp. 55-64, doi:10.18678/dtfd.1481630.
Vancouver Şirin N, Demir Ş. Experimental Animal Models in Neurological Diseases. Duzce Med J. 2024;26(S1):55-64.