Modelling of Electric Vehicle Batteries Using a Second-order Transfer Function

Year 2024, Volume: 13 Issue: 2, 177 - 196

Mohammed Abdulmalek Abdulrahman Mohammed , Hasan Bayındır

https://doi.org/10.55007/dufed.1438887

Abstract

In recent years, there has been an increase in the use of renewable energy sources due to global warming and the rapid depletion of fossil fuel resources. In this context, electric and hybrid electric vehicles attract have great attention from researchers, scientists and governments. One of the key components of electric vehicles is the power battery. The biggest challenge faced by electric vehicles is finding an efficient energy storage device that can provide efficient driving, fast charging capabilities, and long range. According to current technology, lithium polymer batteries, nickel metal hydride batteries and lithium-ion batteries are common among the energy sources of electric vehicles. Lithium-ion batteries have many advantages such as high energy density, long life, light weight, low discharge rate, affordable cost and no memory effect. In addition, lithium-ion batteries are made of environmentally friendly materials that do not produce harmful emissions and offer high safety. However, designing these batteries and predicting their behavior is still an engineering problem that has not been fully solved. In this study, the second-order transfer function approach, which is a simple and effective approach, is used to predict the behavior of lithium-ion batteries used in electric vehicles. The results are compared with the thermal equivalent circuit modeling, where the proposed approach gives positive results. One of the main advantages of the proposed method is the reduction in the need for computational memory. This allows the simplified model to be used to improve the efficiency, performance, and safety of energy storage systems in electric vehicles under various operating conditions.

Keywords

Electric vehicles, Transfer function, Thermal model, Modeling of electric vehicle batteries, Equivalent circuit models

İkinci Dereceden Bir Transfer Fonksiyonu Kullanılarak Elektrikli Araç Bataryalarının Modellenmesi

Abstract

Son yıllarda, küresel ısınma ve fosil yakıt kaynaklarının hızla azalması nedeniyle yenilenebilir enerji kaynaklarının kullanımında artış gözlenmektedir. Bu bağlamda, araştırmacılar, bilim insanları ve hükümetler tarafından elektrikli ve hibrit araçlar büyük ilgi görmektedir. Elektrikli araçların temel bileşenlerinden biri güç bataryasıdır. Elektrikli araçların karşılaştığı en büyük zorluk, verimli sürüş, hızlı şarj olabilme ve uzun menzil sunabilen uygun bir enerji depolama cihazı bulmaktır. Mevcut teknolojiye göre, elektrikli araçların enerji kaynakları arasında lityum polimer piller, nikel metal hibrit piller ve lityum iyon piller yaygındır. Lityum iyon piller, yüksek enerji yoğunluğu, uzun ömür, hafiflik, düşük deşarj oranı, uygun maliyet ve hafıza etkisi olmaması gibi birçok avantaja sahiptir. Ayrıca, lityum iyon piller, zararlı emisyon üretmeyen çevre dostu malzemelerden yapılmıştır ve yüksek güvenlik sunar. Ancak, bu pilleri tasarlamak ve davranışlarını tahmin etmek hala tam olarak çözülememiş bir mühendislik sorunudur. Bu çalışmada, elektrikli araçlarda kullanılan lityum iyon pillerin davranışını tahmin etmek için basit ve etkili bir yaklaşım olan ikinci dereceden transfer fonksiyonu yaklaşımı kullanılmıştır. Sonuçlar, önerilen yaklaşımın olumlu sonuçlar verdiği termal eşdeğer devre modellemesiyle karşılaştırılmıştır. Önerilen yöntemin ana avantajlarından biri, hesaplama belleğine olan ihtiyacı azaltmasıdır. Bu durum, basitleştirilmiş modelin elektrikli araçların enerji depolama sistemlerinin verimliliği, performansı ve güvenliğini çeşitli işletme koşullarında iyileştirmek için kullanılmasına olanak tanır.

Keywords

Elektrikli araçlar, Transfer fonksiyonu, Termal model, Elektrikli araç pillerinin modellenmesi, Eşdeğer devre modelleri

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