Farklı Kalınlıktaki Modifiye Asfalt Yol Kaplamalarının Gerilme-Deformasyon ve Ses Yutma Performans Özelliklerinin İncelenmesi

Öz

Özet Bitümlü sıcak karışım asfalt (BSK) ile hazırlanana asfalt kaplama, yük ve yolcu trafiğinde tercih edilmektedir ve esnek üst yapı tiplerinden biri olarak sıklıkla kullanılmaktadır. Bu doğrultuda, yol kaplamalarında en çok kullanılan karışım tiplerinden biri olan BSK kaplamanın performans özellikleri çok büyük önem arz etmektedir. Yolun hizmet ömrü boyunca göstermesi beklenen performansı sağlaması gerekmektedir. BSK; yüksek karışım tasarımı, konforlu, güvenli ve bozulmaya karşı dirençli olmalıdır. Ayrıca yol imalatında kullanılan hammaddelerin kısıtlı olması da göz önünde tutulduğunda, asfalt yolların çevresel koşullara (iklim, trafik yoğunluğu, vs..) karşı daha uzun süreli hizmet verebilmesi için asfalt yol karışım içeriğinde katkı malzemelerinin kullanmasına ihtiyaç duyulmuştur. Katkı maddeleri arasında Stiren Bütadien Stiren (SBS) polimerleri yaygın olarak kullanılmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, farklı kalınlıklarda BSK ile hazırlanan SBS modifiyeli asfalt beton kaplamaların değişik kalınlıklarda gerilme ve deformasyon davranışı sonlu elemanlar metodu uygulanarak numerik analiz yöntemi ile sayısal analizi karşılaştırmalı olarak incelenmiştir. Bu araştırmada, kalınlık artışının ses yutma katsayısına olan etkisi ve deformasyona olan etkisi araştırılmıştır. Asfalt kaplamalardaki kalınlık artışının, düşük frekanslardaki ses yutma performansını arttırabileceği anlaşılmıştır. Kalınlık artışının deformasyon oranını ciddi düzeyde azaltabildiği numerik analiz sonucunda tespit edilmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Hot mix asphalt
• SBS
• Numerical analysis
• Finite element method
• Sound absorption

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