Research Article

One pier with two stones: A case study on different stones used in the foundation of a Roman bridge on the Batman Stream, Turkey

Volume: 13 Number: 4 January 3, 2023
TR EN

One pier with two stones: A case study on different stones used in the foundation of a Roman bridge on the Batman Stream, Turkey

Abstract

Perpira is a registered ancient bridge, probably constructed during the Late Roman/Early Byzantine, to span the banks of the Batman Stream. The foundations and the piers are the surviving remains of this bridge. Considering the current state, it is known that the bridge has not been repaired since it was discovered. Therefore, the remaining parts of the structure, especially the cut stone blocks, are original and contain precious information about the construction techniques and material selection of the period in which it was constructed. During the site investigations, it has been found that the stones used in the downstream and upstream sections may be different. In order to examine this unique application, samples were collected from the piers' downstream and upstream sections. The samples were then used to evaluate their petrographic, geochemical and engineering properties. At the macro scale, the questioned samples' petrophysical characteristics seem similar. However, the variances in their physicomechanical, petrographic, and mineralogical features indicate that they have distinctly different characteristics. The laboratory results demonstrate that the stone used in the upstream section is dolomite and has a strength of 25.21 MPa and a porosity of 25.38 percent, while the one used in the upstream section has a strength of 59.93 MPa and a porosity of 5.80 percent. According to the experiment results, it can be stated that Romans constructed this structure using highly competent engineering knowledge and material optimization. The findings also highlight how even a single piece of artefacts may provide new insights for understanding ancient material application practices.

Keywords

Supporting Institution

Dicle University, Scientific Research Project Coordination Office (DÜBAP)

Project Number

MÜHENDISLIK.18.007

Thanks

Acknowledgement The authors gratefully acknowledge the financial support provided by Dicle University, Scientific Research Project Coordination Office (DÜBAP) under grant number MÜHENDISLIK.18.007; and the conservation company for providing the opportunity to conduct this investigation at the site.

References

  1. References
  2. [1] J. J. Jensen, "History of Bridges-A philatelic review," in Proceedings of 4th Symposium of Strait Crossings, Bergen, Norway, 2001.
  3. [2] C. S. Whitney, Bridges of the World: Their Design and Construction, New York: Courier Corporation, 2003.
  4. [3] J. W. Humphrey, J. P. Oleson and A. N. Sherwood, Greek and Roman Technology: A Sourcebook: Annotated Translations of Greek and Latin Texts and Documents, Routledge, 2009.
  5. [4] C. O'Connor, "Development in Roman stone arch bridges," Endeavour, vol. 18, no. 4, pp. 157-162, 1994.
  6. [5] C. O'Connor, Roman Bridges, Cambridge University Press, 1993.
  7. [6] J. P. Adam, Roman building: materials and techniques, Routledge, 2005.
  8. [7] A. Álvarez and A. Pitarch , "Local stone used on the Roman bridge of Martorell (Barcelona, Spain)," in Interdisciplinary Studies on Ancient Stone. Proceedings of the IX ASMOSIA Conference, Tarragona, 2012.

Details

Primary Language

English

Subjects

-

Journal Section

Research Article

Publication Date

January 3, 2023

Submission Date

October 24, 2022

Acceptance Date

November 22, 2022

Published in Issue

Year 2022 Volume: 13 Number: 4

IEEE
[1]F. Dursun and F. M. Halifeoğlu, “One pier with two stones: A case study on different stones used in the foundation of a Roman bridge on the Batman Stream, Turkey”, DUJE, vol. 13, no. 4, pp. 715–722, Jan. 2023, doi: 10.24012/dumf.1194052.