Research Article

FPGA-Based Cosimulation of S-Box Constitution from Fractional Order Liu System

Volume: 16 Number: 4 December 30, 2025
TR EN

FPGA-Based Cosimulation of S-Box Constitution from Fractional Order Liu System

Abstract

Substitution box(S-box) has an important duty in encryption. In recent years plenty of S-box designs by chaotic systems have been studied. In this paper a high speed S-box constitution from fractional order Liu system on FPGA is proposed. The design was implemented by using Xilinx System Generator(XSG) toolbox in MATLAB/Simulink software in single precision floating point numbers format and a low cost Basys 3 FPGA trainer card was used. In addition, numerical fractional order equations was solved by using Grünwald-Letnikov(GL) method with 1024 elements length. The S-box table was constructed about 0.137s. After all performance analyzes as nonlinearity, strict avalanche criterion, differential probability, bits independent criterion, and equiprobable input/output XOR distribution, were performed. The performance analyzes shown that the design was satisfactory.

Keywords

References

  1. [1] Kocarev, L. chaos-based cryptography: a brief overview. IEEE Circuits and Systems Magazine 2001;1(3), 6-21.
  2. [2] Kiani-B A, Fallahi K, Pariz N, Leung H. A chaotic secure communication scheme using fractional chaotic systems based on an extended fractional Kalman filter. Communications in Nonlinear Science and Numerical Simulation 2009;14:863–79. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cnsns.2007.11.011.
  3. [3] Zhang X. Relationship between integer order systems and fractional order system and its two applications. IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica 2018;5:639–43. https://doi.org/10.1109/JAS.2016.7510205.
  4. [4] Petráš I. Fractional-order nonlinear systems: modeling, analysis and simulation. Springer Science & Business Media; 2011.
  5. [5] Tolba MF, AbdelAty AM, Soliman NS, Said LA, Madian AH, Azar AT, et al. FPGA implementation of two fractional order chaotic systems. AEU - International Journal of Electronics and Communications 2017;78:162–72. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aeue.2017.04.028.
  6. [6] Ávalos-Ruiz LF, Zúñiga-Aguilar CJ, Gómez-Aguilar JF, Escobar-Jiménez RF, Romero-Ugalde HM. FPGA implementation and control of chaotic systems involving the variable-order fractional operator with Mittag–Leffler law. Chaos, Solitons & Fractals 2018;115:177–89. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chaos.2018.08.021.
  7. [7] Tlelo-Cuautle E, Rangel-Magdaleno JJ, Pano-Azucena AD, Obeso-Rodelo PJ, Nunez-Perez JC. FPGA realization of multi-scroll chaotic oscillators. Communications in Nonlinear Science and Numerical Simulation 2015;27:66–80. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cnsns.2015.03.003.
  8. [8] Pano-Azucena AD, Ovilla-Martinez B, Tlelo-Cuautle E, Manuel Muñoz-Pacheco J, de la Fraga LG. FPGA-based implementation of different families of fractional-order chaotic oscillators applying Grünwald–Letnikov method. Communications in Nonlinear Science and Numerical Simulation 2019;72:516–27. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cnsns.2019.01.014.

Details

Primary Language

English

Subjects

Computer Software , Electrical Circuits and Systems

Journal Section

Research Article

Publication Date

December 30, 2025

Submission Date

November 12, 2025

Acceptance Date

November 26, 2025

Published in Issue

Year 2025 Volume: 16 Number: 4

IEEE
[1]M. A. Arserim and Ö. Türk, “FPGA-Based Cosimulation of S-Box Constitution from Fractional Order Liu System”, DUJE, vol. 16, no. 4, pp. 971–981, Dec. 2025, doi: 10.24012/dumf.1822418.