Determination of the influence of the machining parameters on the tensile load in CFRPs by analysis of variance

Year 2020, Volume: 11 Issue: 1, 215 - 223, 27.03.2020

Burak Yenigün Erol Kılıçkap

https://doi.org/10.24012/dumf.500525

Cited By: 1

Abstract

By the increasing use of carbon fiber reinforced composites (CFRP) materials have started to increase the interest in CFRP materials. However, it also has cause problem of machining of CFRP. The most common method used in machining of CFRP is drilling. But some problems occur such as deformation, poor surface quality, and matrix burning in the drilling of CFRP. These problems cause the CFRP to be damaged more quickly or to become waste. In this study, the effects of drilling conditions of CFRP materials that have a 0/90° fiber orientation angle which subjected to tensile loads were investigated. At firstly, CFRP materials were drilled at spindle speeds of 1000, 3000 and 5000 rpm and feed rates of  0.05, 0.10 and 0.15 mm/rev with HSS, Wc and Brad Spurr tool types. Then, the variance analyses (ANOVA) was applied to determinate the rate of drilling parameters, tool type and material. effects on cutting force, deformation factor, surface roughness, and tensile load. As a result of the study, it was seen that the most effective parameter on cutting force, surface roughness, deformation, and the tensile load was tool type. However, it was also determined that the optimum parameters were WC tool type, the feed rate of 0.05 mm/rev and the spindle speed of 5000 rpm. In addition, the tensile load of CFRP was obtained 19% higher in optimum drilling parameters.

Keywords

Analysis of Variance; CFRP; Cutting Force; Deformation Factor; Surface roughness; Tensile load.

KETP kompozitlerin delinmesinde delme parametrelerinin çekme kuvvetine etkisinin varyans analizi ile incelenmesi

Abstract

Karbon elyaf takviyeli plastik (KETP) kompozitlerin kullanım alanlarının artmasıyla birlikte araştırmacıların bu malzemelere olan ilgisi artmaya başlamıştır. Artan bu ilgi KETP kompozitlerin talaşlı işlenmesi problemini de beraberinde getirmiştir. KETP kompozitlerin talaşlı işlenmesinde kullanılan en yaygın işleme yöntemi delme işlemidir. Ancak KETP kompozitlerin delme işlemlerinde deformasyon, kötü yüzey kalitesi, matris yanması gibi bazı problemler meydana gelmektedir. Bu problemler KETP kompozitlerin daha çabuk hasara uğramasına ya da atıl duruma gelmesine neden olmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, 0/90 elyaf yönlendirme açısına sahip KETP kompozitlerin delinmesinde takım tipi, ilerleme oranı ve iş mili devri gibi delme parametrelerinin KETP kompozitlerin çekme kuvveti üzerine etkileri incelenmiştir. İlk aşamada KETP kompozitler; 140° uç açısına sahip WC (Sert Karbür), 118° uç açısına sahip HSS (Yüksek Hız Çeliği) ve Ağaç (Brad Spur) kesici takımlarıyla 1000, 3000 ve 5000 dev/dk iş mili devirlerinde ve 0.05, 0.10 ve 0.15 mm/dev ilerleme oranlarında delinmiştir. İkinci aşamada takım uç geometrisinin ve malzemesinin, ilerleme oranının ve iş mili devrinin; KETP kompozitlerin kesme kuvveti, deformasyon faktörü, yüzey pürüzlülüğü ve çekme kuvveti üzerine etkileri incelenmiştir. Bu etkileri sayısal olarak tanımlamak için de varyans (Anova) analizi yapılmıştır. Yapılan çalışma sonucunda, KETP kompozitlerin delinmesinde kesme kuvveti, yüzey pürüzlülüğü, deformasyon ve çekme kuvveti üzerinde en etkili parametrenin takım tipi olduğu görülmüştür. KETP kompozitlerin delinmesinde optimum parametrelerin WC takım tipi, 0.05 mm/dev ilerleme oranı ve 5000 dev/dk iş mili devri olduğu ve optimum delme parametrelerinde delinmesi durumunda çekme kuvvetinin %19 oranında daha yüksek elde edildiği tespit edilmiştir. 

Keywords

Çekme Kuvveti, Deformasyon Faktörü, Kesme Kuvveti, KETP, Varyans Analizi, Yüzey Pürüzlülüğü

References

• Bonnet, C., Poulachon, G., Rech, J., Girard, Y. ve Costes, J.P. (2015). CFRP drilling: Fundamental study of local feed force and consequences on hole exit damage, International Journal of Machine Tools and Manufacture, 94, 57–64. Doi: 10.1016/j.ijmachtools.2015.04.006
• Debnath, K. Ve Singh, I. (2017). Low-frequency modulation-assisted drilling of carbon-epoxy composite laminates, Journal of Manufacturing Processes, 25, 262–273. Doi: 10.1016/j.jmapro.2016.12.009
• Dogrusadik, A. ve Kentli, A. (2017). Comparative assessment of support plates’ influences on delamination damage in micro-drilling of CFRP laminates, Composite Structures, 173, 156–167. Doi: 10.1016/j.compstruct.2017.04.031
• Gaitonde, V.N., Karnik, S.R., Rubio, J.C., Correia, A.E., Abrao, A.M. ve Davim, J.P. (2008). Analysis of parametric influence on delamination in high-speed drilling of carbon fiber reinforced plastic composites, Journal of Materials Processing, 203, 431-438 Doi: 10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2007.10.050
• Geier, N. ve Szalay, T. (2017). Optimisation of process parameters for the orbital and conventional drilling of uni-directional carbon fibre-reinforced polymers (UD-CFRP), Measurement: Journal of the International Measurement Confederation, 110, 319–334. Doi: 10.1016/j.measurement.2017.07.007
• Kılıçkap, E., Yenigun, B. ve Çelik, Y.H. (2017). The Effect of Drilling Parameters on Strength of Glass Fibre-Epoxy Laminates By Produced Hand Lay-Up, Engineering Sciences, 12, 246–254. Doi: 10.12739/NWSA.2017.12.4.1A0391
• Klotz, S., Lepold, A., Zanger, F. ve Schulze, V. (2017). Experimental Investigation of Clamping Systems and the Resulting Change of Cutting Conditions while Drilling Carbon Fiber Reinforced Plastics, Procedia CIRP, 62, 15–20. Doi: 10.1016/j.procir.2016.06.089
• Lin, H.J. ve Tang, C.S. (1994). Fatigue strength of woven fabric composites with drilled and moulded-in holes, Composites Science and Technology, 52(4), 571–576. Doi: 10.1016/0266-3538(94)90040-X
• Liu, D.F., Tang, Y.J. ve Cong, W.L. (2012). A review of mechanical drilling for composite laminates, Composite Structures, 94,4, 1265–1279. Doi: 10.1016/j.compstruct.2011.11.024
• Montesano, J., Bougherara, H. ve Fawaz, Z. (2017). Influence of drilling and abrasive water jet induced damage on the performance of carbon fabric/epoxy plates with holes, Composite Structures, 163, 257–266. Doi: 10.1016/j.compstruct.2016.12.007
• Nasir, A.A. A., Azmi, A.I. ve Khalil, A.N.M. (2015). Parametric Study on the Residual Tensile Strength of Flax Natural Fibre Composites after Drilling Operation, Procedia Manufacturing, 2, 97–101. Doi: 10.1016/j.promfg.2015.07.017
• Panchagnula, K.K. ve Palaniyandi, K. (2017). Drilling on fiber reinforced polymer/nanopolymer composite laminates: a review, Journal of Materials Research and Technology, 7,2, 180–189. Doi: 10.1016/j.jmrt.2017.06.003
• Pandit, G.D. (2017). Experimental Study of Residual Tensile Strength of Drilled Composite. International, Journal of Materials Science and Engineering, 5(1), 35–46.
• Paoletti, A. (2003). The influence of drilling parameters and hole damage on GFRP composites fatigue strength, Transactions on Engineering Sciences, 40,273-282.
• Persson, E., Eriksson, I. ve Zackrisson, L. (1997). Effects of hole machining defects on strength and fatigue life of composite laminates, Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing, 28(2), 141–151. Doi: 10.1016/S1359-835X(96)00106-6
• Priarone, P.C., Robiglio, M., Melentiev, R. ve Settineri, L. (2017). Diamond Drilling of Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymers: Influence of Tool Grit Size and Process Parameters on Workpiece Delamination, Procedia CIRP, 66, 181–186. Doi:10.1016/j.procir.2017.03.296
• Saleem, M. (2010). Analytical and experimental investigation of the effects of the machining processes on the mechanical behaviour of carbon epoxy composite laminates, Ryerson University.
• Saoudi, J., Zitoune, R., Gururaja, S., Mezlini, S. ve Hajjaji, A.A. (2016). Prediction of critical thrust force for exit-ply delamination during drilling composite laminates: thermo-mechanical analysis. International, Journal of Machining and Machinability of Materials, 18(1/2), 77. Doi: 10.1504/IJMMM.2016.075464
• Singh, A.P., Sharma, M. ve Singh, I. (2013). A review of modeling and control during drilling of fiber reinforced plastic composites, Composites Part B: Engineering, 47, 118–125. Doi:10.1016/j.compositesb.2012.10.038
• Tao, C., Qiu, J., Yao, W. ve Ji, H. (2016). The effect of drilling-induced delamination on tensile strength and prediction of residual strength of carbon fiber-reinforced polymer laminate, Journal of Composite Materials, 50(24), 3373–3384. Doi: 10.1177/0021998315620292
• Topkaya, T. ve Solmaz, M. Y. (2018). Investigation of low velocity impact behaviors of honeycomb sandwich composites, Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology, 32(7), 3161–3167. Doi: 10.1007/s12206-018-0619-5
• Turan, K., Kaman, M. O. ve Gur, M. (2015). Progressive failure analysis of laminated composite plates with two serial pinned joints, Mechanics of Advanced Materials and Structures, 22, 839–849. Doi: 10.1080/15376494.2012.761302