An Investigation of Driver Brake Pedal Stroke Input on Regenerated Braking Energy in Electric Vehicles via Dynamic Programming

Year 2025, Volume: 16 Issue: 3, 687 - 695

Nurettin Okan Çayci , Erkin Dinçmen , İlyas İstif

https://doi.org/10.24012/dumf.1655409

Abstract

The rising popularity of electric vehicles increases the need for advanced techniques to improve driving efficiency. One such method is regenerative braking, which captures kinetic energy from the wheels—energy that would otherwise be lost as in traditional braking systems. In this study, a fully electric vehicle model which is three degrees of freedom was created with a fixed pedal-feel brake pedal and electric motors on both axles. The brake torque produced by pedal stroke input in different braking scenarios was allocated to the electric motors on the front and rear axles via dynamic programming in MATLAB/Simulink. It was compared to the case where the distribution ratio is fixed. More energy was gained with dynamic programming compared to the fixed allocation, and it is concluded that the duration of pressing the pedal and the repetition of pressing are effective parameters on energy recovery.

Keywords

Fully electric vehicle , pedal stroke , regenerative braking , torque distribution , dynamic programming , energy efficiency

Supporting Institution

TÜBİTAK

Project Number

122M994.

An Investigation of Driver Brake Pedal Stroke Input on Regenerated Braking Energy in Electric Vehicles via Dynamic Programming

Abstract

The rising popularity of electric vehicles increases the need for advanced techniques to improve driving efficiency. One such method is regenerative braking, which captures kinetic energy from the wheels—energy that would otherwise be lost as in traditional braking systems. In this study, a fully electric vehicle model which is three degrees of freedom was created with a fixed pedal-feel brake pedal and an electric motor on the front and rear axles. The brake torque produced by pedal stroke input in different braking scenarios was allocated to the electric motors on the front and rear axles via dynamic programming in MATLAB/Simulink. It was compared to the case where the distribution ratio is fixed. More energy was gained with dynamic programming compared to the fixed allocation, and it is concluded that the duration of pressing the pedal and the repetition of pressing are effective parameters on energy recovery.

Keywords

regenerative braking , electrical vehicle , pedal stroke

Project Number

122M994.

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