Determination of relationship between socioeconomical status and need of periodontal treatment of school children in mixed and permanent dentition periods

Abstract

Literature affirms that children and adolescents are not immun to gingival and periodontal pathology. In fact, gingivitis is a common finding in children of different geographic regions, countries, cultures and socioeconomic groups. Socioeconomic factors have been identified as predisposing factors in the development of periodontal disease and other oral diseases. Poor life style, low education and negative psychosocial condition could play an important role in the aetiology of these problems. The purpose of this study was to assess the periodontal health status and need for treatment among school children in mixed and permanent dentitions 6-17 years old belonging to different socioeconomic levels in Isparta, Turkey. Data was collected using “Community Periodontal Index of Treatment Needs” CPITN to assess the periodontal treatment need. For this purpose; “gingival bleeding”, “calculus”, “dental plaque” and “periodontal pockets” were assessed. The children were divided to three socioeconomic classes based on Modified Kuppuswamy's Socioeconomic Status Scale: “upper”, “middle” and “lower”. The data was analysed using Fisher’s exact tests. As the result of the study we determined that, children and adolescents that examined in different groups revealed similar evidence for perio dontal treatment need. In our study, number of individuals that have gingival or periodontal symptoms or diseases as gingival bleeding, dental plaque or calculus, are greater than healty subjects in all socioeconomic levels. We thought that, the cause of high CPITN scores in all socioeconomic groups is consuming foods riched by carbonhydrate and poor oral hygien habits of children and adolescents.

Keywords

• Children and adolescents, Community Periodontal Index of Treatment Needs, Modified Kuppuswamy's Socioeconomic Status Scale

Karma ve daimi dişlenme dönemlerinde bulunan okul çocuklarının sosyoekonomik seviyeleri ve periodontal tedavi ihtiyaçları arasındaki ilişkinin değerlendirilmesi

Abstract

Literatür, çocuklar ve adölesanların, gingival ve periodontal patolojilere karşı bağışık olmadıklarını göstermektedir. Özellikle gingivitisin, değişik coğrafik bölgeler, ülkeler, kültürler ve sosyoekonomik gruplarda yaygın görülen bir hastalık olduğu bildirilmiştir. Sosyoekonomik faktörler, periodontal hastalığın ve diğer oral hastalıkların gelişiminde predispozan faktörler olarak tanımlanmıştır. Düşük gelir düzeyi, yetersiz eğitim ve olumsuz psikososyal durum, bu problemlerin meydana gelmesinde önemli rol oynayabilir. Çalışmanın amacı, Isparta/Merkez’de, farklı sosyoekonomik seviyelerdeki SES , karma ve daimi 6-17 yaş dişlenme dönemlerindeki okul çocuklarında, periodontal sağlık durumunun ve tedavi ihtiyacının değerlendirilmesidir. Çalışmada, periodontal tedavi ihtiyacının belirlenmesinde; “Toplumsal Periodontal Tedavi İhtiyacı İndeksi” TPTİİ kullanılmıştır. Bu amaçla; şeti kanaması”, “diş taşı”, “plak” ve “periodontal cep” değerlendirilmiştir. Çocuklar, SES bakımından “Modifiye Kuppuswamy Sosyoekonomik Durum Skalası” ’na göre “yüksek”, “orta” ve “düşük” olmak üzere 3 ayrı gruba ayrılmıştır. Veriler, Fisher’s exact testi kullanılarak analiz edilmiştir. Çalışmanın sonucunda, muayene edilen farklı gruplardaki çocuk ve adölesanların, periodontal tedavi ihtiyacı bakımından benzer bulgular gösterdikleri belirlenmiştir. Çalışmamızda, tüm sosyoekonomik seviyelerde, dişeti kanaması, dental plak veya diş taşı gibi gingival veya periodontal semptomu veya hastalığı olan birey sayısının, sağlıklı birey sayısından daha fazla olduğu gözlenmiştir. Tüm sosyoekonomik gruplarda yüksek olan TPTİİ skorlarının sebebi, çocuk ve adölesanların karbonhidrat bakımından zengin gıdaları tüketmeleri ve kötü oral hijyen alışkanlıklarına sahip olmaları ile açıklanabilir

Keywords

• Çocuklar ve adölesanlar, Toplumsal Periodontal Tedavi øhtiyacÕ øndeksi, Modifiye Kuppuswamy Sosyoekonomik Durum SkalasÕ.

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