Primary Oral Malignant Melanoma: A Case Report

Abstract

Melanomas are neoplasms of melanocytic origin. They are aggressive neoplasms with an unpredictable behavior, and can involve virtually any organ of the body. Oral melanomas are very rare , usually seen in middle aged persons and have an extremely poor prognosis. Early diagnosis and prompt treatment is the key to reduce the morbidity and mortality. Oral malignant melanoma is more frequently seen on the hard palate and gingiva. Oral melanomas are associated with very poor prognosis because of the tendency to metastasise or invade tissues locally more readily than other malignant tumours of the oral cavity especially in the case of a geriatric patient. Oral melanomas constitute 1-2% of all melanomas. The primary malignant oral melanoma is 0.4–1.3% of all malignant neoplasms. The prognosis is poor when considering the metastasis to the cervical lymph node as well as bony erosion of the hard palate. Overall 5-years survival rate for oral melanomas is 15–38% The surgical approach, combined with the chemotherapy, is the first choice treatment. In this case we report the diagnose and treatment of a primary oral malignant melanoma in a 50-year-old male patient

Keywords

• Oral cavity, malignant melanoma, gingiva,hard palate

Primer oral malign melanom: Olgu sunumu

Abstract

Melanomalar melanositik orjinli neoplazmlardır. Beklenmedik özellikleri olan,vücudun bazı organlarını neredeyse içine alabilen agresif neoplazmlardır.Ağızda görülen melanomlar çok nadirdir.Genelde orta yaşlı bireylerde görülür ve prognozu oldukça kötüdür. Erken teşhis ve acil tedavi morbidite ve mortalite düşüşünü sağlayan esas etkenlerdir. Oral malign melanomlar ağızda sıklıkla sert damak ve dişetinde görülür. Prognozun kötü olmasının nedeni metaztasa eğilimi ya da özellikle geriatrik hastalarda görülen oral kavite tümörleri içinde daha hızlı invaze olabilmesidir.Oral melanomlar tüm melanomların 0.4-1,3%’ünü oluşturur. Prognoz boyun lenflerine metaztasla ve ek olarak sert damakta kemik dekstrüksiyona neden olmasıyla daha da kötüleşir. Ortalama 5 yıllık yaşam oranı oral malign melanoma hastalarında ortalama 15-38%dir. Cerrahi prosedürün kemoterapiyle kombine edilmesi ilk tedavi seçeneğidir. Bu vaka raporunda 50 yaşında erkek hastada görülen primer oral malign melanomun teşhis ve tedavisi anlatılmaktadır.

Keywords

• Oral kavite, malign melanoma, diş eti,sert damak

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