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PERIODONTAL APPROACH IN GINGIVAL GROWTH INDUCED BY IMMUNOSUPPRESSIVE DRUGS

Year 2014, Volume: 41 Issue: 2 - Volume: 41 Issue: 2, 129 - 138, 01.05.2014

Nilsun Bağış Ahu Adalı Nejat Arpak

Abstract

Immunosuppressive medications are often used to prevent tissue rejection in organ transplantation and increases success rate the agents. In addition, it must be noted that there are many side effects. Particularly, these effects are on gingival connective tissue. Caused by the gingival growth of undesirable clinical outcome. The use of drugs is of crucial importance for a successful transplantation, and as a result the periodontal treatment is approach is significant in this patient

Keywords

Immunosuppressive drugs gingival growth periodontal treatment

References

  • Kayaalp OS. Rasyonel Tedavi Yönünden Tibbi Farmakoloji, 2005. 11. Baskı. Hacettepe- Taş Yayınevi. 1. Cilt. 37. Konu: İmmün Sistem Bozukluklari ve İmmünomodülatör İlaçlar.
  • Seymour RA, Heasman PA. Drugs and the periodontium. J Clin Periodontol, 1988; 15: 1- 16.
  • Seymour RA, Jacobs DJ. Cyclosporin and the gingival tissues. J Clin Periodontol, 1992; 19: 1-11.
  • Kahan BD, Grevel J. Optimization of cyclosporine therapy in renal transplantation by a pharmacokinetic Transplantation, 1988; 46: 631-644. strategy- Review; 5. Academy Report. Drug-associated gingival enlargement. İnformational paper. J Periodontol, 2004; 75: 1424- 1431.
  • Rateitschak-Plüss EM, Hefti A, Lörtscher R, Thiel G. Initial observation that cyclosporin-A induces gingival enlargement in man. J Clin Periodontol, 1983; 10: 237-246.
  • Daley TD, Wysocki GP, Day C. Clinical and pharmacologic correlations in cyclosporine induced gingival hyperplasia. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol, 1986; 62: 417-421.
  • Seymour RA, Smith DG. The effect of a plaque control programme on the incidence and severity of cyclosporin-induced gingival changes. J Clin Periodontol,1991; 18: 107-110.
  • Pernu HE, Pernu LMH, Huttunen KRH, Nieminen overgrowth among renal transplant recipients related to immunosuppressive medication and possible local background factors. J Periodontol, 1992; 63: 548-553. MLE. Gingival
  • King GN, Fullinfaw R, Higgins TS, Walker RJ, Francis DMA, Wiesenfeld D. Gingival hyperplasia in renal allograft recipients receiving cyclosporin-A and calcium antagonists. J Clin Periodontol,1993; 20: 286-293.
  • Somacarrera ML, Hernandez G, Acero J, Moskow BS. Factors related to the incidence and severity overgrowth in transplant patients. A longitudinal study. J Periodontol, 1994; 65: 671-675. gingival
  • O'Valle F, Mesa F, Aneiros J, Gomez- Morales M, Lucena MA, Ramirez C, Revelles F, Moreno E, Navarro N, Caballero T. Gingival overgrowth cyclosporine A. Clinical and morphometric study with image analysis. J Clin Periodontol, 1995; 22: 591-597. by nifedipine and
  • Thomason JM, Kelly PJ, Seymour RA. The distribution of gingival overgrowth in organ transplant patients. J Clin Periodontol, 1996b; 23: 367-371.
  • Vescovi P, Meleti M, Manfredi M, Merigo E, Pedrazzi G. Cyclosporin-induced gingival overgrowth: A clinical –epideiological evaluation of 121 italian renal transplant recipients. J Periodontol, 2005;76: 1259- 1264.
  • Costa FO, Ferreira SD, Cota LOM, Costa JE, Aguiar MA. Prevalence, severity, and risk variables associated with gingival overgrowth in renal transplant subjects treated under tacrolimus or cyclosporin regimens. J Periodontol, 2006; 77: 969-975.
  • Duranay M, İnan A, Oğuz Y, Güvence N. (2001). Böbrek Transplantasyonu El Kitabı. 1. Baskı. Transplantasyonda İmmünsüpresif İlaçlar. Yayınevi. Renal
  • Bader G, Lejeune S, Messner M. Reduction of cyclosporine-induced gingival overgrowth following a change to tacrolimus. A case history involving a liver transplant patient. J Periodontol, 1998; 69: 729-732.
  • James JA, Jamal S, Hull PS, Macfarlane TV, Campbell BA, Johnson RW, Short CD. Tacrolimus is not associated with gingival overgrowth in renal transplant patients. Journal of Clinical Periodontology, 2001; 28: 848-852.
  • Mgkaig SJ, Kelly D, Shaw L. Investigation of the effect of FK506 (tacrolimus) and cyclosporin on gingival overgrowth following pediatric Journal of Pediatric Dentistry, 2002; 12: 398- 403. International
  • Spolidorio LC, Spolidorio DMP, Massucato EMS, Neppelenbroek KH, Campanha NH, Sanches MH. Oral health in renal transplant recipients tacrolimus. Oral diseases, 2006; 12: 309-314. cyclosporin A or
  • Oettınger-Barak O, Barak S, Machtei EE, Ardekian L, Baruch Y, Peled M. Periodontal changes in liver cirrhosis and post-transplantation patients clinical findings. J Periodontol, 2001; 72: 1236-1240.
  • Ellis JS, Seymour RA, Taylor JJ, Thomason JM. Prevalence of gingival overgrowth in transplant patients immunosuppressed with tacrolimus. J Clin Periodontol, 2004; 31: 126- 131.
  • Busque S, Demers P, St-Louis G, Boily JG, Tousignant J, Lemieux F, Smeesters C, Corman J, Daloze P. Conversion from Neoral (cyclosporine) to tacrolimus of kidney transplant recipients hypertrichosis. Transplant Proc, 1998; 30 (4): 1247-1248. hyperplasia or
  • Kohnle M, Lutkes P, Zimmermann U, Philipp T, Heemann U. Conversion from cyclosporine to tacrolimus in renal transplant recipients with gum hyperplasia. Transplant Proc., 1999; 31: 44-45.
  • James JA, Boomer S, Maxwell AP, Hull PS, Short CD, Campbell BA, Johnson RWG, Irwin CR, Marley JJ, Spratt H, Linden GJ. Reduction in gingival overgrowth associated with conversion from cyclosporin A to tacrolimus. J Clin Periodontol,2000b; 27: 144-148.
  • Hernández G, Arriba L, Lucas M, Andrés A. Reduction of severe gingival overgrowth in a kidney transplant patient by replacing cyclosporin A with tacrolimus. J Periodontol, 2000; 71: 1630-1636.
  • Thorp M, Demattos A, Bennet W, Barry J, Norman D. The effect of conversion from cyclosporine hyperplasia, Transplantation, 2000; 69: 1218-1224. gingival and cholesterol.
  • Franke GH, Trampenau C, Reimer J, The Switch to Tacrolimus for Ciclosporin-Related Side Effects Study Group. Switching from cyclosporine to tacrolimus leads to improved disease-spesific quality of life in patients after kidney Proceedings, 2006; 38: 1293-1294. Transplantation
  • Kardachi BJ, Newcomb GM. A clinical study of gingival inflammation in renal transplant recipients taking immunosuppressive drugs. J Periodontol,1978; 49: 307-309.
  • Been V, Engel D. The effects of immunosuppressive inflammation in human renal allograft patients. J Periodontol,1982; 53: 245-248. on periodontal
  • Seymour RA, Smith DG, Rogers SR. The comparative effects of azathioprine and cyclosporin on some gingival health parameters of Periodontol,1987; 14: 610-613. patients. J Clin
  • Sollinger HW. Mycophenolates in transplantation. Review article. Clin Transplant, 2004; 18: 485-492.
  • Garrigue V, Canet S, Dereure O, Panabieres O, Augias D, Chong G, Mourad G. Oral ulcerations in a renal transplant recipient: a mycophenolate mofetil-induced complication? Transplantation, 2001; 72: 968-969.
  • Naranjo J, Poniachik J, Cisco D, Contreras J, Oksenberg D, Valera JM, Diaz JC, Rojas J, Cardemil G, Mena S, Castillo J, Rencoret G, Godoy J, Escobar J, Rodriguez J, Leyton P, Fica A, Toledo C. Oral ulcers produced by mycophenolate mofetil in two liver transplant patients. Transplant Proc., 2007; 39 (3): 612-614.
  • Perry TW, Christans U, Trotter JF, Bendrick-Peart J. Pharmacokinetics of enteric- coated mycophenolate sodium in stable liver transplant recipients. Clin Transplant, 2007; 21: 413-416.
  • Seymour RA, Thomason JM, Ellis JS. The pathogenesis of drug- induced gingival overgrowth. J Clin Periodontol,1996; 23: 165- 175.
  • Seymour RA, Ellis JS, Thomason JM. Risk overgrowth. J Clin Periodontol, 2000; 27: 217- 223. drug-induced gingival
  • Hefti AF, Eshenaur AE, Hassell TM, Stone C. Gingival overgrowth in cyclosporine A treated multiple sclerosis patients. J Periodontol, 1994; 65: 744-749.
  • Kitamura K, Morisaki I, Adachi C, Kato K, Mihara J, Sobue S, Hamayada S. Gingival overgrowth induced by cyclosporin A in rats. Archives of Oral Biology, 1990; 35: 483-486.
  • Morisaki I, Kitamura K, Kato K, Marukawa Y, Mihara J. Age dependency of cyclosporin A- induced gingival overgrowth in rats. Pediatric Dentistry, 1993; 15: 414-417.
  • Allman SD, Mcwhorter AG, Seale NS cyclosporin-induced Evaluation overgrowth in the pediatric transplant patient.Pediatric Dentistry, 1994; 16: 36-40. gingival
  • Karpinia KA, Matt M, Fwnnell RS, Hefti AF. gingival overgrowth in pediatric renal transplant patients. Pediatric Dentistry, 1996; 18: 450-455.
  • Kilpatrick NM, Weintraub RG, Lucas JO, Shipp A, Byrt T, Wilkinson JL. Gingival overgrowth in pediatric heart and heart-lung transplant recipients. Journal of Heart & Lung Transplantation, 1997; 6: 1231-1237.
  • Lowry LY, Welbury RR, Seymour RA, Hamilton overgorwth in pediatric cardiac transplant patients: a study of 19 patients aged between 2 and 16 years. International Journal of Pediatric Dentistry, 1995; 5: 217-222. JR. Gingival in renal transplant patients:
  • Wilson RF, Morel A, Smith D, Koffman CG, Ogg CS, Rigden SP, Ashley FP. Contribution of individual drugs to gingival overgrowth in adult and juvenile renal transplant patients treated with multiple therapy. J Clin Periodontol, 1998; 25: 457-464.
  • Spolidorio LC, Spoldorio DM, Benatti C, Sampaio JE, Almeida OP. Combined effects of cyclosporine overgrowth in rats is not age dependent. J Periodont Res, 2003; 38: 375-379. on gingival
  • Hasell TM, Hefti AF. Drug-induced gingival overgrowth: old problem, new problem. Crit Rev Oral Biol Med, 1991; 2: 103-137.
  • Nakou M, Kama JJ, Andronikaki A, Mitsis associated overgrowth. J Periodontol, 1998; 69: 664-669. gingival
  • Ellis JS, Seymour RA, Steele JG, TJ, Robertson Prevalance of gingival overgrowth induced by calcium channel blockers, a community- based study. J Periodontol, 1999; 70: 63-67. JM.
  • Aimetti M, Romano F, Debernardi C. Effectiveness of periodontal therapy on the severity of cyclosporine A induced gingival overgrowth. J Clin Periodontol, 2005; 32: 846- 850.
  • Seymour RA. Effects of medications on the periodontal tissues in health and disease. Periodontol 2000, 2006; 40: 120-129.
  • Pernu HE, Knuuttila MLE, Huttunen KRH, Tiilikainen ASK. Drug induced gingival overgrowth and class ii major histocompatibility antigens. Transplantation, 1994; 57: 1811-1823.
  • Cebeci İ, Kantarcı A, Fıratlı E, Çarın M, Tuncer Ö. The effect of verapamil on the prevalence and severity of cyclosporine-induced gingival overgrowth in renal allograft recipients. J Periodontol, 1996; 67: 1201- 1205.
  • Trackman PC, Kantarcı A. Connective tissue metabolism and gingival overgrowth. Crit Rev Oral Biol Med, 2004; 15: 165-175.
  • Mariotti A. (1999). Dental-plaque induced gingival diseases. Ann Periodontol, 1999; 4: 7-17.
  • Ayanoglou CM, Lesty C. Cyclosporin A-induced gingival overgrowth in the rat: a histological, histomorphometric evaluation. J Periodont Res, 1999; 34: 7-15. and
  • Casamassimo PS. Relations between oral and systemic health. Pediatric Oral Health, 2000; 47: 1149-1157.
  • Camargo PM, Carranza FA, Takei HH (2006). Carranza’s Clinical Periodontology. WB Saunders Company. Chapter 63 Treatment of Gingival Enlargement.
  • Mavrogiannis M, Ellis JS, Seymour RA, Thomason JM. The efficacy of three different surgical techniques in the management of drug- induced gingival overgrowth. J Clin Periodontol, 2006; 33: 677-682.
  • Pick RM, Colvard MD. Current status of lasers in soft tissue dental surgery. Review. J Periodontol, 1993; 64: 589-602.
  • İlgenli T, Atilla G, Baylas H. Effectiveness of periodontal therapy in patients with drug-induced gingival overgrowth. Long term results. J Periodontol, 1999; 70: 967-972.
  • Kantarcı A, Cebeci İ, Tuncer Ö, Çarın M, Fıratlı E. Clinical effects of periodontal therapy on the severity of cyclosporin A induced gingival hyperplasia. J Periodontol, 1999; 70: 587-593.
  • Hirsch R. Deng H, Laohachai MN. Azithromycin in periodontal treatment: More than antibiotic. J Periodont Res 2012; 47: 137-148.
  • Tokgöz B, Sarı HI, Yıldız O, Asalan S, Sipahioğlu M, Okten T, Oymak O, Utaş C. Effects of azitromycin on cyclosporine-induced gingival hyperplasia in renal transplant patients. Transplant Proc, 2004; 36: 2699-2702.
  • Pilatti GL, Sampaio JE. The influence of chlorhexidine on the severity of cyclosporin A- induced gingival overgrowth. J Periodontol, 1997; 68: 900-904.

IMMUNSUPRESİF İLAÇLARIN KULLANIMINA BAĞLI GELİŞEN DİŞETİ BÜYÜMELERİNDE PERİODONTAL YAKLAŞIM

Year 2014, Volume: 41 Issue: 2 - Volume: 41 Issue: 2, 129 - 138, 01.05.2014

Nilsun Bağış Ahu Adalı Nejat Arpak

Abstract

İmmunsupresif ilaçlar sıklıkla organ transplantasyonlarında doku reddini engellemek üzere kullanılan ve transplantasyonda başarı oranını ciddi şekilde yükselten ajanlardır. Bunun yanı sıra pek çok yan etkileri bulunmaktadır. Özellikle, periodontal açıdan dişeti bağ dokusu üzerine etkileri önemlidir. Dişeti büyümesine neden olması klinik açıdan istenmeyen bir sonuçtur. İlaç kullanımı hayati önem gerektirdiğinden, bu bireylerde periodontal tedavi yaklaşımı önem taşımaktadır.

Keywords

İmmunsupresif ilaçlar gingival büyüme periodontal tedavi

References

  • Kayaalp OS. Rasyonel Tedavi Yönünden Tibbi Farmakoloji, 2005. 11. Baskı. Hacettepe- Taş Yayınevi. 1. Cilt. 37. Konu: İmmün Sistem Bozukluklari ve İmmünomodülatör İlaçlar.
  • Seymour RA, Heasman PA. Drugs and the periodontium. J Clin Periodontol, 1988; 15: 1- 16.
  • Seymour RA, Jacobs DJ. Cyclosporin and the gingival tissues. J Clin Periodontol, 1992; 19: 1-11.
  • Kahan BD, Grevel J. Optimization of cyclosporine therapy in renal transplantation by a pharmacokinetic Transplantation, 1988; 46: 631-644. strategy- Review; 5. Academy Report. Drug-associated gingival enlargement. İnformational paper. J Periodontol, 2004; 75: 1424- 1431.
  • Rateitschak-Plüss EM, Hefti A, Lörtscher R, Thiel G. Initial observation that cyclosporin-A induces gingival enlargement in man. J Clin Periodontol, 1983; 10: 237-246.
  • Daley TD, Wysocki GP, Day C. Clinical and pharmacologic correlations in cyclosporine induced gingival hyperplasia. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol, 1986; 62: 417-421.
  • Seymour RA, Smith DG. The effect of a plaque control programme on the incidence and severity of cyclosporin-induced gingival changes. J Clin Periodontol,1991; 18: 107-110.
  • Pernu HE, Pernu LMH, Huttunen KRH, Nieminen overgrowth among renal transplant recipients related to immunosuppressive medication and possible local background factors. J Periodontol, 1992; 63: 548-553. MLE. Gingival
  • King GN, Fullinfaw R, Higgins TS, Walker RJ, Francis DMA, Wiesenfeld D. Gingival hyperplasia in renal allograft recipients receiving cyclosporin-A and calcium antagonists. J Clin Periodontol,1993; 20: 286-293.
  • Somacarrera ML, Hernandez G, Acero J, Moskow BS. Factors related to the incidence and severity overgrowth in transplant patients. A longitudinal study. J Periodontol, 1994; 65: 671-675. gingival
  • O'Valle F, Mesa F, Aneiros J, Gomez- Morales M, Lucena MA, Ramirez C, Revelles F, Moreno E, Navarro N, Caballero T. Gingival overgrowth cyclosporine A. Clinical and morphometric study with image analysis. J Clin Periodontol, 1995; 22: 591-597. by nifedipine and
  • Thomason JM, Kelly PJ, Seymour RA. The distribution of gingival overgrowth in organ transplant patients. J Clin Periodontol, 1996b; 23: 367-371.
  • Vescovi P, Meleti M, Manfredi M, Merigo E, Pedrazzi G. Cyclosporin-induced gingival overgrowth: A clinical –epideiological evaluation of 121 italian renal transplant recipients. J Periodontol, 2005;76: 1259- 1264.
  • Costa FO, Ferreira SD, Cota LOM, Costa JE, Aguiar MA. Prevalence, severity, and risk variables associated with gingival overgrowth in renal transplant subjects treated under tacrolimus or cyclosporin regimens. J Periodontol, 2006; 77: 969-975.
  • Duranay M, İnan A, Oğuz Y, Güvence N. (2001). Böbrek Transplantasyonu El Kitabı. 1. Baskı. Transplantasyonda İmmünsüpresif İlaçlar. Yayınevi. Renal
  • Bader G, Lejeune S, Messner M. Reduction of cyclosporine-induced gingival overgrowth following a change to tacrolimus. A case history involving a liver transplant patient. J Periodontol, 1998; 69: 729-732.
  • James JA, Jamal S, Hull PS, Macfarlane TV, Campbell BA, Johnson RW, Short CD. Tacrolimus is not associated with gingival overgrowth in renal transplant patients. Journal of Clinical Periodontology, 2001; 28: 848-852.
  • Mgkaig SJ, Kelly D, Shaw L. Investigation of the effect of FK506 (tacrolimus) and cyclosporin on gingival overgrowth following pediatric Journal of Pediatric Dentistry, 2002; 12: 398- 403. International
  • Spolidorio LC, Spolidorio DMP, Massucato EMS, Neppelenbroek KH, Campanha NH, Sanches MH. Oral health in renal transplant recipients tacrolimus. Oral diseases, 2006; 12: 309-314. cyclosporin A or
  • Oettınger-Barak O, Barak S, Machtei EE, Ardekian L, Baruch Y, Peled M. Periodontal changes in liver cirrhosis and post-transplantation patients clinical findings. J Periodontol, 2001; 72: 1236-1240.
  • Ellis JS, Seymour RA, Taylor JJ, Thomason JM. Prevalence of gingival overgrowth in transplant patients immunosuppressed with tacrolimus. J Clin Periodontol, 2004; 31: 126- 131.
  • Busque S, Demers P, St-Louis G, Boily JG, Tousignant J, Lemieux F, Smeesters C, Corman J, Daloze P. Conversion from Neoral (cyclosporine) to tacrolimus of kidney transplant recipients hypertrichosis. Transplant Proc, 1998; 30 (4): 1247-1248. hyperplasia or
  • Kohnle M, Lutkes P, Zimmermann U, Philipp T, Heemann U. Conversion from cyclosporine to tacrolimus in renal transplant recipients with gum hyperplasia. Transplant Proc., 1999; 31: 44-45.
  • James JA, Boomer S, Maxwell AP, Hull PS, Short CD, Campbell BA, Johnson RWG, Irwin CR, Marley JJ, Spratt H, Linden GJ. Reduction in gingival overgrowth associated with conversion from cyclosporin A to tacrolimus. J Clin Periodontol,2000b; 27: 144-148.
  • Hernández G, Arriba L, Lucas M, Andrés A. Reduction of severe gingival overgrowth in a kidney transplant patient by replacing cyclosporin A with tacrolimus. J Periodontol, 2000; 71: 1630-1636.
  • Thorp M, Demattos A, Bennet W, Barry J, Norman D. The effect of conversion from cyclosporine hyperplasia, Transplantation, 2000; 69: 1218-1224. gingival and cholesterol.
  • Franke GH, Trampenau C, Reimer J, The Switch to Tacrolimus for Ciclosporin-Related Side Effects Study Group. Switching from cyclosporine to tacrolimus leads to improved disease-spesific quality of life in patients after kidney Proceedings, 2006; 38: 1293-1294. Transplantation
  • Kardachi BJ, Newcomb GM. A clinical study of gingival inflammation in renal transplant recipients taking immunosuppressive drugs. J Periodontol,1978; 49: 307-309.
  • Been V, Engel D. The effects of immunosuppressive inflammation in human renal allograft patients. J Periodontol,1982; 53: 245-248. on periodontal
  • Seymour RA, Smith DG, Rogers SR. The comparative effects of azathioprine and cyclosporin on some gingival health parameters of Periodontol,1987; 14: 610-613. patients. J Clin
  • Sollinger HW. Mycophenolates in transplantation. Review article. Clin Transplant, 2004; 18: 485-492.
  • Garrigue V, Canet S, Dereure O, Panabieres O, Augias D, Chong G, Mourad G. Oral ulcerations in a renal transplant recipient: a mycophenolate mofetil-induced complication? Transplantation, 2001; 72: 968-969.
  • Naranjo J, Poniachik J, Cisco D, Contreras J, Oksenberg D, Valera JM, Diaz JC, Rojas J, Cardemil G, Mena S, Castillo J, Rencoret G, Godoy J, Escobar J, Rodriguez J, Leyton P, Fica A, Toledo C. Oral ulcers produced by mycophenolate mofetil in two liver transplant patients. Transplant Proc., 2007; 39 (3): 612-614.
  • Perry TW, Christans U, Trotter JF, Bendrick-Peart J. Pharmacokinetics of enteric- coated mycophenolate sodium in stable liver transplant recipients. Clin Transplant, 2007; 21: 413-416.
  • Seymour RA, Thomason JM, Ellis JS. The pathogenesis of drug- induced gingival overgrowth. J Clin Periodontol,1996; 23: 165- 175.
  • Seymour RA, Ellis JS, Thomason JM. Risk overgrowth. J Clin Periodontol, 2000; 27: 217- 223. drug-induced gingival
  • Hefti AF, Eshenaur AE, Hassell TM, Stone C. Gingival overgrowth in cyclosporine A treated multiple sclerosis patients. J Periodontol, 1994; 65: 744-749.
  • Kitamura K, Morisaki I, Adachi C, Kato K, Mihara J, Sobue S, Hamayada S. Gingival overgrowth induced by cyclosporin A in rats. Archives of Oral Biology, 1990; 35: 483-486.
  • Morisaki I, Kitamura K, Kato K, Marukawa Y, Mihara J. Age dependency of cyclosporin A- induced gingival overgrowth in rats. Pediatric Dentistry, 1993; 15: 414-417.
  • Allman SD, Mcwhorter AG, Seale NS cyclosporin-induced Evaluation overgrowth in the pediatric transplant patient.Pediatric Dentistry, 1994; 16: 36-40. gingival
  • Karpinia KA, Matt M, Fwnnell RS, Hefti AF. gingival overgrowth in pediatric renal transplant patients. Pediatric Dentistry, 1996; 18: 450-455.
  • Kilpatrick NM, Weintraub RG, Lucas JO, Shipp A, Byrt T, Wilkinson JL. Gingival overgrowth in pediatric heart and heart-lung transplant recipients. Journal of Heart & Lung Transplantation, 1997; 6: 1231-1237.
  • Lowry LY, Welbury RR, Seymour RA, Hamilton overgorwth in pediatric cardiac transplant patients: a study of 19 patients aged between 2 and 16 years. International Journal of Pediatric Dentistry, 1995; 5: 217-222. JR. Gingival in renal transplant patients:
  • Wilson RF, Morel A, Smith D, Koffman CG, Ogg CS, Rigden SP, Ashley FP. Contribution of individual drugs to gingival overgrowth in adult and juvenile renal transplant patients treated with multiple therapy. J Clin Periodontol, 1998; 25: 457-464.
  • Spolidorio LC, Spoldorio DM, Benatti C, Sampaio JE, Almeida OP. Combined effects of cyclosporine overgrowth in rats is not age dependent. J Periodont Res, 2003; 38: 375-379. on gingival
  • Hasell TM, Hefti AF. Drug-induced gingival overgrowth: old problem, new problem. Crit Rev Oral Biol Med, 1991; 2: 103-137.
  • Nakou M, Kama JJ, Andronikaki A, Mitsis associated overgrowth. J Periodontol, 1998; 69: 664-669. gingival
  • Ellis JS, Seymour RA, Steele JG, TJ, Robertson Prevalance of gingival overgrowth induced by calcium channel blockers, a community- based study. J Periodontol, 1999; 70: 63-67. JM.
  • Aimetti M, Romano F, Debernardi C. Effectiveness of periodontal therapy on the severity of cyclosporine A induced gingival overgrowth. J Clin Periodontol, 2005; 32: 846- 850.
  • Seymour RA. Effects of medications on the periodontal tissues in health and disease. Periodontol 2000, 2006; 40: 120-129.
  • Pernu HE, Knuuttila MLE, Huttunen KRH, Tiilikainen ASK. Drug induced gingival overgrowth and class ii major histocompatibility antigens. Transplantation, 1994; 57: 1811-1823.
  • Cebeci İ, Kantarcı A, Fıratlı E, Çarın M, Tuncer Ö. The effect of verapamil on the prevalence and severity of cyclosporine-induced gingival overgrowth in renal allograft recipients. J Periodontol, 1996; 67: 1201- 1205.
  • Trackman PC, Kantarcı A. Connective tissue metabolism and gingival overgrowth. Crit Rev Oral Biol Med, 2004; 15: 165-175.
  • Mariotti A. (1999). Dental-plaque induced gingival diseases. Ann Periodontol, 1999; 4: 7-17.
  • Ayanoglou CM, Lesty C. Cyclosporin A-induced gingival overgrowth in the rat: a histological, histomorphometric evaluation. J Periodont Res, 1999; 34: 7-15. and
  • Casamassimo PS. Relations between oral and systemic health. Pediatric Oral Health, 2000; 47: 1149-1157.
  • Camargo PM, Carranza FA, Takei HH (2006). Carranza’s Clinical Periodontology. WB Saunders Company. Chapter 63 Treatment of Gingival Enlargement.
  • Mavrogiannis M, Ellis JS, Seymour RA, Thomason JM. The efficacy of three different surgical techniques in the management of drug- induced gingival overgrowth. J Clin Periodontol, 2006; 33: 677-682.
  • Pick RM, Colvard MD. Current status of lasers in soft tissue dental surgery. Review. J Periodontol, 1993; 64: 589-602.
  • İlgenli T, Atilla G, Baylas H. Effectiveness of periodontal therapy in patients with drug-induced gingival overgrowth. Long term results. J Periodontol, 1999; 70: 967-972.
  • Kantarcı A, Cebeci İ, Tuncer Ö, Çarın M, Fıratlı E. Clinical effects of periodontal therapy on the severity of cyclosporin A induced gingival hyperplasia. J Periodontol, 1999; 70: 587-593.
  • Hirsch R. Deng H, Laohachai MN. Azithromycin in periodontal treatment: More than antibiotic. J Periodont Res 2012; 47: 137-148.
  • Tokgöz B, Sarı HI, Yıldız O, Asalan S, Sipahioğlu M, Okten T, Oymak O, Utaş C. Effects of azitromycin on cyclosporine-induced gingival hyperplasia in renal transplant patients. Transplant Proc, 2004; 36: 2699-2702.
  • Pilatti GL, Sampaio JE. The influence of chlorhexidine on the severity of cyclosporin A- induced gingival overgrowth. J Periodontol, 1997; 68: 900-904.
There are 64 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Journal Section Research Article
Authors

Nilsun Bağış This is me

Ahu Adalı This is me

Nejat Arpak This is me

Publication Date May 1, 2014
Published in Issue Year 2014 Volume: 41 Issue: 2 - Volume: 41 Issue: 2

Cite

Vancouver Bağış N, Adalı A, Arpak N. IMMUNSUPRESİF İLAÇLARIN KULLANIMINA BAĞLI GELİŞEN DİŞETİ BÜYÜMELERİNDE PERİODONTAL YAKLAŞIM. EADS. 2014;41(2):129-38.