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Cranial Base Angle

Year 2012, Volume: 39 Issue: 3 - Volume: 39 Issue: 3, 149 - 153, 01.10.2012

Abstract

The craniofacial structural analysis made on lateral cephalometric films used for diagnosis, treatment plan and growth estimation in orthodontics for many years. The relationship between one of these metrics, the cranial base angle and the anteroposterior connection between the jaws is an interesting issue for dentists, orthodontists, maxillofacial surgeons and plastic surgeons. Cranial base is the anatomical structure forming the base of the cranial dome and divided into two parts including cranial base middle part and cranial fossas. In cephalometric measurements, sella point divides cranial base to anterior part up to sutura frontonasalis and posterior part up to anterior edge of the foramen magnum. As measured by radiographically for orthodontic diagnostic purposes, the cranial base angle is the angle between basion, sella and nasion points. Cranial base angle is an important reference point for anatomical, embriological and surgical aspects. It is important for orthodontic aspects as it is the fixed reference structure to assess the growth and development of maxilla and mandible. In addition, changes in the slope of the cranial base affects the relationship between the jaws and it is also important for the occlusion. Different theories eplaining the relations between cranial base angle and the development of malocclusion have been proposed. The purpose of this review is to examine different views of malocclusion and the cranial base angle

References

  • Alves PV, Mazuchelli J, Patel PK, Bo- lognese AM. Cranial base angulation in Brazi- lian patients seeking orthodontic treatment. J Craniofac Surg 2008; 19(2): 334-8.
  • Cheverud Jm. Phenotypic, genetic and environmental integration in the cranium. Evo- lution 1982; 36: 499-516.
  • Cheverud JM. Developmental integra- tion and the evolution of pleiotropy. Am Zool 1996; 36: 44-50.
  • Lieberman DE, Mowbray K, Pearson OM. Basicranial influences on overall cranial shape. J Human Evol 2000; 38: 291-315.
  • Jacobson A, Jacobson RL. Radiograp- hic cephalometry: From basics to video ima- ging. 3rd ed. Philadelphia: WB Saunders Co; 1990.
  • Kerr WJS. A method of superimposing serial lateral cephalometric films for the purpo- se of comparison: a preliminary report. Br J Orthod 1978; 5: 51–3.
  • Hopkin GB, Houston WJB, James GA. The cranial base as an aetiological factor in malocclusion. Angle Orthod 1968; 38: 250–5.
  • Bishara SE. Textbook of Orthodontics. 1st ed. Philadelphia: WB Saunders Co; 2001.
  • Hoye D.A.N. A critical analysis of the growth in length of the cranial base. Birth De- fects 1975; 11: 255-82.
  • Scott JH. The cranial base. Am J Phys Antropol 1958; 16: 319-48.
  • Bastir M, Rosas A. Correlated varia- tion between the lateral basicranium and the face: a geometric morphometric study in diffe- rent human groups. Arch Oral Biol 2006; 51: 814-24.
  • Hofer H. Studien zum Problem des Gestaltwandels des Schädels der Säugetiere, insbesondere der Primaten. I. Die medianen Kruemmundgen des Schädels und ihr Ehrfas- sung nach Landzert. Z Morph Anthropol 1960; 50: 299–316.
  • Moss ML, Young RW. A functional approach to craniology. Am J Phys Anthropol 1960; 18: 281–92.
  • Enlow DH. Facial Growth, 3rd ed. Philadelphia: Saunders; 1990.
  • Ross C, Ravosa MJ. Basicranial flexion, relative brain size, and facial kyphosis in nonhuman primates. Am J Phys Anthropol 1993; 91: 305–24.
  • Ross C, Henneberg M. Basicranial flexion, relative brain size,and facial kyphosis in Homo sapiens and some fossil hominids. Am J Phys Anthropol 1995; 98: 575–93.
  • Lieberman DE. Sphenoid shortening and the evolution of modern human cranial shape. Nature 1998; 393: 158–62.
  • Angle EH. Classification of malocclu- sion. Dent Cosmos 1899; 41: 248–64.
  • Young M. A contribution to the study of the Scottish skull. Trans R Soc Edinb. 1916; 51: 347–453.
  • Bjork A. Cranial base development. Am J Orthod 1955; 41: 198–225.
  • Bacon W, Eiller V, Hildwein M, et al. The cranial base in subjects with dental and skeletal class II. Eur J Orthod 1992; 14: 224-8.
  • Kerr WJS, Adams CP. Cranial base and jaw relationship. Am J Phys Anthropol 1988; 77: 213–20.
  • Dibbets JMH. Morphological associa- tion between the Angle classes. Eur J Orthod 1996; 18: 111–8.
  • Baccetti T, Antonini A. Glenoid fossa position in different facial types: a cephalomet- ric study. Br J Orthod 1997; 24: 55–9.
  • Singh GD, McNamara JA, Lozanoff S. Finite element analysis of the cranial base in subjects with class III malocclusion. Br J Ort- hod 1997; 24: 103–12.
  • Ellis E, McNamara Jr JA. Compo- nents of adult Class III malocclusion. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 1984; 42: 295–305.
  • Hoyte DAN. The cranial base in nor- mal and abnormal skull growth. Neurosurg Clin North Am 1991; 2: 515–37.
  • Singh GD Morphologic determinants in the etiology of class III malocclusion: a re- view. Clinical Anatomy 1999; 12: 382–405.
  • Proff P Will F, Bokan I, Fanghänel J, Gedrange T.Cranial base features in skeletal Class III patients. Angle Orthod 2008; 78(3): 433-39.
  • Renfroe EW. A study of the facial pat- terns associated with class I, class II division 1, class II division 2 malocclusions. Angle Ort- hod 1948; 18: 12–5.
  • Menezes DM. Comparison of cranio- facial features of English children with Angle class II division 1 and Angle class I occlusions. J Dent 1974; 2: 250–4.
  • Wilhelm BM, Beck FM, Lidral AC, Vig KW. A comparison of cranial base growth in class I and class II skeletal patterns. Am J Orthod Dentofac Orthop 2001; 119: 401–5.
  • Polat OO Kaya B. Changes in cranial base morphology in different malocclusions. Orthod Craniofac Research 2007; 10(4): 216- 21.
  • Gilmore WA. Morphology of the adult mandible in class II division 1 malocclusion and in excellent occlusion. Angle Orthod 1950; 20: 137–46.
  • Dhopatkar A, Bhatia S, Rock P. An investigation Into the Relationship Between theCranial Base Angle and Malocclusion. Ang- le Orthod 2002; 72(5): 456–63.
  • Ishii N, Deguchi T, Hunt N. Craniofa- cial morphology of Japanese girls with Class II Division 1 malocclusion. J Orthod 2001; 28: 211-5.
  • Tuncer BB. Tuncer C, Ulusoy C, Da- rendeliler N. Orta kraniyal kaide ile malokluz- yon arasindaki iliskinin incelenmesi. EU Diş Hek Fak Derg 2008; 29: 93-8.

Kranial Kaide açısı

Year 2012, Volume: 39 Issue: 3 - Volume: 39 Issue: 3, 149 - 153, 01.10.2012

Abstract

Lateral sefalometrik filmler üzerinde yapılan kraniyofasiyal yapı analizleri teşhis, tedavi planlaması ve büyüme tahmini amacıyla ortodontide uzun yıllardır kullanılmaktadır. Bu ölçümlerden biri olan kranial kaide açısı ve çenelerin anteroposterior iliş

References

  • Alves PV, Mazuchelli J, Patel PK, Bo- lognese AM. Cranial base angulation in Brazi- lian patients seeking orthodontic treatment. J Craniofac Surg 2008; 19(2): 334-8.
  • Cheverud Jm. Phenotypic, genetic and environmental integration in the cranium. Evo- lution 1982; 36: 499-516.
  • Cheverud JM. Developmental integra- tion and the evolution of pleiotropy. Am Zool 1996; 36: 44-50.
  • Lieberman DE, Mowbray K, Pearson OM. Basicranial influences on overall cranial shape. J Human Evol 2000; 38: 291-315.
  • Jacobson A, Jacobson RL. Radiograp- hic cephalometry: From basics to video ima- ging. 3rd ed. Philadelphia: WB Saunders Co; 1990.
  • Kerr WJS. A method of superimposing serial lateral cephalometric films for the purpo- se of comparison: a preliminary report. Br J Orthod 1978; 5: 51–3.
  • Hopkin GB, Houston WJB, James GA. The cranial base as an aetiological factor in malocclusion. Angle Orthod 1968; 38: 250–5.
  • Bishara SE. Textbook of Orthodontics. 1st ed. Philadelphia: WB Saunders Co; 2001.
  • Hoye D.A.N. A critical analysis of the growth in length of the cranial base. Birth De- fects 1975; 11: 255-82.
  • Scott JH. The cranial base. Am J Phys Antropol 1958; 16: 319-48.
  • Bastir M, Rosas A. Correlated varia- tion between the lateral basicranium and the face: a geometric morphometric study in diffe- rent human groups. Arch Oral Biol 2006; 51: 814-24.
  • Hofer H. Studien zum Problem des Gestaltwandels des Schädels der Säugetiere, insbesondere der Primaten. I. Die medianen Kruemmundgen des Schädels und ihr Ehrfas- sung nach Landzert. Z Morph Anthropol 1960; 50: 299–316.
  • Moss ML, Young RW. A functional approach to craniology. Am J Phys Anthropol 1960; 18: 281–92.
  • Enlow DH. Facial Growth, 3rd ed. Philadelphia: Saunders; 1990.
  • Ross C, Ravosa MJ. Basicranial flexion, relative brain size, and facial kyphosis in nonhuman primates. Am J Phys Anthropol 1993; 91: 305–24.
  • Ross C, Henneberg M. Basicranial flexion, relative brain size,and facial kyphosis in Homo sapiens and some fossil hominids. Am J Phys Anthropol 1995; 98: 575–93.
  • Lieberman DE. Sphenoid shortening and the evolution of modern human cranial shape. Nature 1998; 393: 158–62.
  • Angle EH. Classification of malocclu- sion. Dent Cosmos 1899; 41: 248–64.
  • Young M. A contribution to the study of the Scottish skull. Trans R Soc Edinb. 1916; 51: 347–453.
  • Bjork A. Cranial base development. Am J Orthod 1955; 41: 198–225.
  • Bacon W, Eiller V, Hildwein M, et al. The cranial base in subjects with dental and skeletal class II. Eur J Orthod 1992; 14: 224-8.
  • Kerr WJS, Adams CP. Cranial base and jaw relationship. Am J Phys Anthropol 1988; 77: 213–20.
  • Dibbets JMH. Morphological associa- tion between the Angle classes. Eur J Orthod 1996; 18: 111–8.
  • Baccetti T, Antonini A. Glenoid fossa position in different facial types: a cephalomet- ric study. Br J Orthod 1997; 24: 55–9.
  • Singh GD, McNamara JA, Lozanoff S. Finite element analysis of the cranial base in subjects with class III malocclusion. Br J Ort- hod 1997; 24: 103–12.
  • Ellis E, McNamara Jr JA. Compo- nents of adult Class III malocclusion. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 1984; 42: 295–305.
  • Hoyte DAN. The cranial base in nor- mal and abnormal skull growth. Neurosurg Clin North Am 1991; 2: 515–37.
  • Singh GD Morphologic determinants in the etiology of class III malocclusion: a re- view. Clinical Anatomy 1999; 12: 382–405.
  • Proff P Will F, Bokan I, Fanghänel J, Gedrange T.Cranial base features in skeletal Class III patients. Angle Orthod 2008; 78(3): 433-39.
  • Renfroe EW. A study of the facial pat- terns associated with class I, class II division 1, class II division 2 malocclusions. Angle Ort- hod 1948; 18: 12–5.
  • Menezes DM. Comparison of cranio- facial features of English children with Angle class II division 1 and Angle class I occlusions. J Dent 1974; 2: 250–4.
  • Wilhelm BM, Beck FM, Lidral AC, Vig KW. A comparison of cranial base growth in class I and class II skeletal patterns. Am J Orthod Dentofac Orthop 2001; 119: 401–5.
  • Polat OO Kaya B. Changes in cranial base morphology in different malocclusions. Orthod Craniofac Research 2007; 10(4): 216- 21.
  • Gilmore WA. Morphology of the adult mandible in class II division 1 malocclusion and in excellent occlusion. Angle Orthod 1950; 20: 137–46.
  • Dhopatkar A, Bhatia S, Rock P. An investigation Into the Relationship Between theCranial Base Angle and Malocclusion. Ang- le Orthod 2002; 72(5): 456–63.
  • Ishii N, Deguchi T, Hunt N. Craniofa- cial morphology of Japanese girls with Class II Division 1 malocclusion. J Orthod 2001; 28: 211-5.
  • Tuncer BB. Tuncer C, Ulusoy C, Da- rendeliler N. Orta kraniyal kaide ile malokluz- yon arasindaki iliskinin incelenmesi. EU Diş Hek Fak Derg 2008; 29: 93-8.
There are 37 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Journal Section Research Article
Authors

Akçam Özge Uslu This is me

Publication Date October 1, 2012
Published in Issue Year 2012 Volume: 39 Issue: 3 - Volume: 39 Issue: 3

Cite

Vancouver Uslu AÖ. Kranial Kaide açısı. EADS. 2012;39(3):149-53.