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Evaluation of the effect of Bioaggregate thickness on microleakage used in one-step apexifi- cation treatment

Year 2012, Volume: 39 Issue: 1 - Volume: 39 Issue: 1, 1 - 6, 01.02.2012

Abstract

Providing adequate apical plug forms a challenge for dentist when dealing with immature teeth with open apices that has necrotic pulp. The sealing ability of the filling used has an important role in success of the root canal treatment. The aim of this study was to evaluate the microleakage of Bioaggregate [ BioAggregate, Verio Dental Co. Ltd., Vancouver, Canada BA ] by liquid filtration technique with different application thicknesses in an apexification model. In this study, 24 lower premolar teeth extracted for orthodontic reasons were used. After sectioning from enamelcement conjunction, teeth were sectioned from apical 3-4 mm to achieve 12mm root length. To mimic the clinical situation, apical&coronal 1/3 parts of the roots were prepared with 2-6 no Gates Glitten burs. Teeth were divided into 3 groups according to thickness of BA: Group 1: 2mm, Group 2: 4mm and Group 3: 12mm total length . After teeth were stored at 37°C for 4 days for setting of the BA, the empty parts of roots were filled with gutta-percha in first 2 groups and leakage amounts were evaluated. Kruskal Wallis H test was used for statistical analysis. There was no statistical difference between Group 1 and 2 p>0.05 . Root that were filled with BA totally Group 3 showed statistically less leakage then other groups p

References

  • 1. Hong ST, Bae KS, Baek SH, Kum KY, Lee W. Microleakage of accelerated mineral trioxide aggregate and Portland cement in an in-vitro apexification model.J Endod. 2008;34:56-8.
  • 2. Lieberman N, Trombridge C, Klein A, Levy S. Endodontic retreatment: a rational approach to non-surgical root canal theraphy of immature teeth. Endod. Dent. Traumatol. 1996;12: 246-53.
  • 3. Camp JH, Fuks AB. Pediatric endodontics: Endodontic treatment for the primary and young permanent dentition. In: Pathways of the pulp. Ed.: S. Cohen, K.M. Hargreaves, 9th. Ed., St Louis: Mosby Inc, 2006, Chapter 22.
  • 4. Morse DR, O'Larnic J, Yesilsoy C. Apexification: review of the literature. Quintessence Int. 1990;7:589-98.
  • 5. Shabahang S, Torabinejad M, Boyne PP, Abedi H, McMillan P. A comparative study of root-end induction using osteogenic protein-1, calcium hydroxide, and mineral trioxide aggregate in dogs. J Endod. 1999 ;25:1- 5.
  • 6. Ricucci D, Langeland K. Incomplete Calcium Hydroxide Removal from the Root Canal: A Case Report. Int. Endod. J. 1997; 30: 418-21.
  • 7. Margelos J, Eliades G, Verdelis C, Palaghias G. Interaction of Calcium Hydroxide with Zinc Oxide-Eugenol Type Sealers: A Potential Clinical Problem. J Endod. 1997; 23: 43- 8.
  • 8. Lambrianidis T, Margelos J, Beltes P. Removal Efficiency of Calcium Hydroxide Dressing from the Root Canal. J Endod. 1999; 25: 85-8.
  • 9. Kim SK, Kim YO. Influence of Calcium Hydroxide Intracanal Medication on Apical Seal. Int Endod J 2002; 35: 623-8.
  • 10.Goldberg F, Artaza LP, de Silvio AC. Influence of Calcium Hydroxide Dressing on the Obturation of Simulated Lateral Canals. J Endod 2002; 28: 99-101.
  • 11.Sevimay S, Öztan S, Dalat D. Effects of Calcium Hydroxide Paste Medication on Coronal Leakage. J Oral Rehabil. 2004; 31: 240-4.
  • 12.Sarris S, Tahmassebi JF, Duggal MS, Cross IA. A clinical evaluation of mineral trioxide aggregate for root-end closure of nonvital immature permanent incisors in children-a pilot study. Dent Traumatol. 2008;24:79-85.
  • 13.Alaçam A. Kök Ucu Kapanmamış Genç Sürekli Dişlerde Kök Gelişiminin Teşviki ve Tedavi Yöntemleri, In: Endodonti, Ed.: T. Alaçam, Đ. Uzel, A. Alaçam, M. Aydın. 2. Baskı. Ankara: Barış Yayınları 2000: Bölüm 30, s: 723-31.
  • 14.Roberts SC, Brilliant JD. Tricalcium Phosphate as an Adjunct to Apical Closure in Pulpless Permanent Teeth. J Endod. 1975;1: 263-9.
  • 15.Harbert H. One-Step Apexification without Calcium Hydroxide. J Endod. 1996; 22: 690-2.
  • 16.El Meligy OMS, Avery DR. Comparison of Apexification with Mineral Trioxide Aggregate and Calcium Hydroxide. Pediatr. Dent. 2006; 28: 248-53.
  • 17.Sarris S, Tahmessebi JF, Duggal MS, Cross IA. A Clinical Evaluation of Mineral Trioxide Aggregate for Root-End Closure of Non-Vital Immature Permanent Incisors in Children- A Pilot Study. Dent Traumatol 2008; 24: 79-85.
  • 18.Erdem PA, Sepet L. Mineral Trioxide Aggregate for Obturation of Maxillary Central Incisors with Necrotic Pulp and Open Apices. Dent. Traumatol. 2008; 24: e38-e41.
  • 19.Torabinejad M, Watson TF, Ford TRP. Sealing Ability of a Mineral Trioxide Aggregate When Used As a Root End Filling Material. J Endod. 1993; 19: 591-5.
  • 20.Torabinejad M, Hong CU, McDonald F, Ford TRP. Physical and Chemical Properties of a New Root-End Filling Material. J Endod. 1995; 21: 349-53.
  • 21.Camilleri J, Montesin FE, Di Silvio L, Pitt Ford TR. The chemical constitution and biocompatibility of accelerated Portland cement for endodontic use. Int Endod J. 2005;38:834- 42.
  • 22.Santos AD, Moraes JC, Araújo EB, Yukimitu K, Valério Filho WV Physicochemical properties of MTA and a novel experimental cement. Int Endod J. 2005;38:443-7.
  • 23.Srinivasan V, Waterhouse P, Whitworth J. Mineral trioxide aggregate in paediatric dentistry. Int J Paediatr Dent. 2009;19:34-47.
  • 24.Sarris S, Tahmassebi JF, Duggal MS, Cross IAA clinical evaluation of mineral trioxide aggregate for root-end closure of nonvital immature permanent incisors in children-a pilot study. Dent Traumatol. 2008;24:79-85
  • 25.Moore A, Howley MF, O'Connell AC. Treatment of open apex teeth using two types of white mineral trioxide aggregate after initial dressing with calcium hydroxide in children. Dent Traumatol. 2011;27:166-73.
  • 26.Keiser K, Johnson CC, Tipton DA. Cytotoxicity of mineral trioxide aggregate using human periodontal ligament fibroblasts. J Endod. 2000;26:288-91.
  • 27.Balto HA. Attachment and morphological behavior of human periodontal ligament fibroblasts to mineral trioxide aggregate: a scanning electron microscope study. J Endod. 2004 Jan;30(1):25-9.
  • 28..Al-Sa'eed OR, Al-Hiyasat AS, Darmani HThe effects of six root-end filling materials and their leachable components on cell viability. J Endod. 2008;34:1410-4
  • 29.De-Deus G, Canabarro A, Alves G, Linhares A, Senne MI, Granjeiro JM. Optimal cytocompatibility of a bioceramic nanoparticulate cement in primary human mesenchymal cells. J Endod. 2009;35:1387-90.
  • 30.Vajrabhaya LO, Korsuwannawong S, Jantarat J, Korre S. Biocompatibility of furcal perforation repair material using cell culture technique: Ketac Molar versus ProRoot MTA. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod. 2006;102:e48-50.
  • 31.Amani B, Vatanpour M, Roghanizad N, Rakhshan V. Comparative adhesion and cell viability of human gingival fibroblast to three retrograde filling materials: Bioaggregate, Retroplast and MTA. Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal. 2012 Dec 10. [Epub ahead of print]
  • 32.Veriodent Bioaggregate. http://www. veriodent.com/, 2012
  • 33. Yan P, Yuan Z, Jiang H, Peng B, Bian Z. Effect of bioaggregate on differentiation of human periodontal ligament fibroblasts. Int Endod J. 2010;43:1116-21
  • 34.Park JW, Hong SH, Kim JH, Lee SJ, Shin SJX-Ray diffraction analysis of white ProRoot MTA and Diadent BioAggregate. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod. 2010;109:155-8
  • 35.Erdem AP, Sepet E. Mineral trioxide aggregate for obturation of maxillary central incisors with necrotic pulp and open apices. Dent Traumatol. 2008;24:e38-41
  • 36.Park JB, Lee JH.Use of mineral trioxide aggregate in the open apex of a maxillary first premolar. J Oral Sci. 2008;50:355-8.
  • 37.Zhu WH, Pan J, Yong W, Zhao XY, W ang SM. Endodontic treatment with MTA of a mandibular first premolar with open apex: case report. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod. 2008;106:e73-5.
  • 38.Torabinejad M, Chivian N. Clinical applications of mineral trioxide aggregate. J Endod. 1999;25:197-205.
  • 39.Fogel HM. Microleakage of posts used to restore endodontically treated teeth. J Endod. 1995;21:376-9.
  • 40.Rafter M. Apexification: a review. Dent Traumatol. 2005;21:1-8.
  • 41.Mente J, Hage N, Pfefferle T, Koch MJ, Dreyhaupt J, Staehle HJ, Friedman S. Mineral trioxide aggregate apical plugs in teeth with open apical foramina: a retrospective analysis of treatment outcome. J Endod. 2009;35:1354-8.
  • 42.Duarte MA, De Oliveira Demarchi AC, Yamashita JC, Kuga MC, De Campos Fraga S. Arsenic release provided by MTA and Portland cement. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod. 2005;99:648-50.
  • 43.Zhang H, Pappen FG, Haapasalo M. Dentin enhances the antibacterial effect of mineral trioxide aggregate and bioaggregate.J Endod. 2009;35:221-4.
  • 44.Leal F, De-Deus G, Brandão C, Luna AS, Fidel SR, Souza EM. Comparison of the root-end seal provided by bioceramic repair cements and White MTA. Int Endod J. 2011;44:662-8.
  • 45.Pashley DH, Andringa HJ, Derkson GD, Derkson ME, Kalathoor SR. Regional variability in the permeability of human dentine.Arch Oral Biol. 1987;32:519-23.
  • 46.Weldon JK Jr, Pashley DH, Loushine RJ, Weller RN, Kimbrough WF. Sealing ability of mineral trioxide aggregate and superEBA when used as furcation repair materials: a longitudinal study. J Endod 2002;28:467-70
  • 47.Wu MK, Wesselink PR, Boersma J. A 1-year follow-up study on leakage of four root canal sealers at different thicknesses. Int Endod J 1995;28:185-9.
  • 48.Goldman M, Simmonds S, Rush R. The usefulness of dye-penetration studies reexamined. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol. 1989;67:327-32
  • 49. Wu MK, De Gee AJ, Wesselink PR. Fluid transport and dye penetration along root canal fillings. Int Endod J. 1994;27:233-8.
  • 50.Martin RL, Monticelli F, Brackett WW, Loushine RJ, Rockman RA, Ferrari M, Pashley DH, Tay FR. Sealing properties of mineral trioxide aggregate orthograde apical plugs and root fillings in an in vitro apexification model. J Endod. 2007;33:272-5

Tek seans apeksfikasyon tedavisinde kullanılan bioagregat kalınlığının mikrosızıntı üzerine etkisinin değerlendirilmesi

Year 2012, Volume: 39 Issue: 1 - Volume: 39 Issue: 1, 1 - 6, 01.02.2012

Abstract

Nekrotik pulpalı kök ucu kapanmamış daimi dişlerin kanal tedavisinde, yeterli apikal tıkanmanın sağlanması diş hekimliğinde zorluk yaratan klinik bir durumdur. Kullanılan kanal dolgu materyalinin sızdırmazlığı başarı için önem taşımaktadır. Bu çalışmanın amacı, tek seans apeksifikasyon modelinde, farklı kalınlıklarda uygulanan BioAgregat’ın [ BioAggregate, Verio Dental Co. Ltd., Vancouver, Kanada BA ] sızıntı oranlarının sıvı filtrasyon yöntemi kullanılarak karşılaştırılmasıdır. Çalışmamızda 24 adet ortodontik amaçla çekilmiş tek köklü alt küçük azı dişi kullanıldı. Dişler, mine-sement birleşiminden kesildikten sonra, kök boyu 12mm olacak şekilde apikal kök ucundan 3-4mm kesildi. Klinik durumu taklit etmek için köklerin apikal ve kuronal 1/3’lük kısımları 2-6 numaralı Gates glidden frezlerle genişletildi. Dişler kanala yerleştirilen BA kalınlığına göre rastgele 3 gruba ayrıldı: Grup 1:2mm, Grup 2:4mm, ve Grup 3:12mm tam kanal boyu . BA’nın sertleşme reaksiyonunun gerçekleşmesi amacıyla dişler 37°C’de 4 gün bekletildikten sonra, ilk 2 grupta kanalların boş kısımları gütaperka ile dolduruldu ve tüm gruplarda sıvı transport yöntemi ile sızıntı miktarları ölçüldü. Verilerin analizinde Kruskal Wallis H testi kullanıldı. Grup 1 ve 2 arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı fark tespit edilmezken p>0,05 , tamamı BA ile doldurulmuş kanalların Grup 3 diğer gruplara göre sızdırmazlığı istatistiksel olarak anlamlı düzeyde daha az bulundu p

References

  • 1. Hong ST, Bae KS, Baek SH, Kum KY, Lee W. Microleakage of accelerated mineral trioxide aggregate and Portland cement in an in-vitro apexification model.J Endod. 2008;34:56-8.
  • 2. Lieberman N, Trombridge C, Klein A, Levy S. Endodontic retreatment: a rational approach to non-surgical root canal theraphy of immature teeth. Endod. Dent. Traumatol. 1996;12: 246-53.
  • 3. Camp JH, Fuks AB. Pediatric endodontics: Endodontic treatment for the primary and young permanent dentition. In: Pathways of the pulp. Ed.: S. Cohen, K.M. Hargreaves, 9th. Ed., St Louis: Mosby Inc, 2006, Chapter 22.
  • 4. Morse DR, O'Larnic J, Yesilsoy C. Apexification: review of the literature. Quintessence Int. 1990;7:589-98.
  • 5. Shabahang S, Torabinejad M, Boyne PP, Abedi H, McMillan P. A comparative study of root-end induction using osteogenic protein-1, calcium hydroxide, and mineral trioxide aggregate in dogs. J Endod. 1999 ;25:1- 5.
  • 6. Ricucci D, Langeland K. Incomplete Calcium Hydroxide Removal from the Root Canal: A Case Report. Int. Endod. J. 1997; 30: 418-21.
  • 7. Margelos J, Eliades G, Verdelis C, Palaghias G. Interaction of Calcium Hydroxide with Zinc Oxide-Eugenol Type Sealers: A Potential Clinical Problem. J Endod. 1997; 23: 43- 8.
  • 8. Lambrianidis T, Margelos J, Beltes P. Removal Efficiency of Calcium Hydroxide Dressing from the Root Canal. J Endod. 1999; 25: 85-8.
  • 9. Kim SK, Kim YO. Influence of Calcium Hydroxide Intracanal Medication on Apical Seal. Int Endod J 2002; 35: 623-8.
  • 10.Goldberg F, Artaza LP, de Silvio AC. Influence of Calcium Hydroxide Dressing on the Obturation of Simulated Lateral Canals. J Endod 2002; 28: 99-101.
  • 11.Sevimay S, Öztan S, Dalat D. Effects of Calcium Hydroxide Paste Medication on Coronal Leakage. J Oral Rehabil. 2004; 31: 240-4.
  • 12.Sarris S, Tahmassebi JF, Duggal MS, Cross IA. A clinical evaluation of mineral trioxide aggregate for root-end closure of nonvital immature permanent incisors in children-a pilot study. Dent Traumatol. 2008;24:79-85.
  • 13.Alaçam A. Kök Ucu Kapanmamış Genç Sürekli Dişlerde Kök Gelişiminin Teşviki ve Tedavi Yöntemleri, In: Endodonti, Ed.: T. Alaçam, Đ. Uzel, A. Alaçam, M. Aydın. 2. Baskı. Ankara: Barış Yayınları 2000: Bölüm 30, s: 723-31.
  • 14.Roberts SC, Brilliant JD. Tricalcium Phosphate as an Adjunct to Apical Closure in Pulpless Permanent Teeth. J Endod. 1975;1: 263-9.
  • 15.Harbert H. One-Step Apexification without Calcium Hydroxide. J Endod. 1996; 22: 690-2.
  • 16.El Meligy OMS, Avery DR. Comparison of Apexification with Mineral Trioxide Aggregate and Calcium Hydroxide. Pediatr. Dent. 2006; 28: 248-53.
  • 17.Sarris S, Tahmessebi JF, Duggal MS, Cross IA. A Clinical Evaluation of Mineral Trioxide Aggregate for Root-End Closure of Non-Vital Immature Permanent Incisors in Children- A Pilot Study. Dent Traumatol 2008; 24: 79-85.
  • 18.Erdem PA, Sepet L. Mineral Trioxide Aggregate for Obturation of Maxillary Central Incisors with Necrotic Pulp and Open Apices. Dent. Traumatol. 2008; 24: e38-e41.
  • 19.Torabinejad M, Watson TF, Ford TRP. Sealing Ability of a Mineral Trioxide Aggregate When Used As a Root End Filling Material. J Endod. 1993; 19: 591-5.
  • 20.Torabinejad M, Hong CU, McDonald F, Ford TRP. Physical and Chemical Properties of a New Root-End Filling Material. J Endod. 1995; 21: 349-53.
  • 21.Camilleri J, Montesin FE, Di Silvio L, Pitt Ford TR. The chemical constitution and biocompatibility of accelerated Portland cement for endodontic use. Int Endod J. 2005;38:834- 42.
  • 22.Santos AD, Moraes JC, Araújo EB, Yukimitu K, Valério Filho WV Physicochemical properties of MTA and a novel experimental cement. Int Endod J. 2005;38:443-7.
  • 23.Srinivasan V, Waterhouse P, Whitworth J. Mineral trioxide aggregate in paediatric dentistry. Int J Paediatr Dent. 2009;19:34-47.
  • 24.Sarris S, Tahmassebi JF, Duggal MS, Cross IAA clinical evaluation of mineral trioxide aggregate for root-end closure of nonvital immature permanent incisors in children-a pilot study. Dent Traumatol. 2008;24:79-85
  • 25.Moore A, Howley MF, O'Connell AC. Treatment of open apex teeth using two types of white mineral trioxide aggregate after initial dressing with calcium hydroxide in children. Dent Traumatol. 2011;27:166-73.
  • 26.Keiser K, Johnson CC, Tipton DA. Cytotoxicity of mineral trioxide aggregate using human periodontal ligament fibroblasts. J Endod. 2000;26:288-91.
  • 27.Balto HA. Attachment and morphological behavior of human periodontal ligament fibroblasts to mineral trioxide aggregate: a scanning electron microscope study. J Endod. 2004 Jan;30(1):25-9.
  • 28..Al-Sa'eed OR, Al-Hiyasat AS, Darmani HThe effects of six root-end filling materials and their leachable components on cell viability. J Endod. 2008;34:1410-4
  • 29.De-Deus G, Canabarro A, Alves G, Linhares A, Senne MI, Granjeiro JM. Optimal cytocompatibility of a bioceramic nanoparticulate cement in primary human mesenchymal cells. J Endod. 2009;35:1387-90.
  • 30.Vajrabhaya LO, Korsuwannawong S, Jantarat J, Korre S. Biocompatibility of furcal perforation repair material using cell culture technique: Ketac Molar versus ProRoot MTA. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod. 2006;102:e48-50.
  • 31.Amani B, Vatanpour M, Roghanizad N, Rakhshan V. Comparative adhesion and cell viability of human gingival fibroblast to three retrograde filling materials: Bioaggregate, Retroplast and MTA. Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal. 2012 Dec 10. [Epub ahead of print]
  • 32.Veriodent Bioaggregate. http://www. veriodent.com/, 2012
  • 33. Yan P, Yuan Z, Jiang H, Peng B, Bian Z. Effect of bioaggregate on differentiation of human periodontal ligament fibroblasts. Int Endod J. 2010;43:1116-21
  • 34.Park JW, Hong SH, Kim JH, Lee SJ, Shin SJX-Ray diffraction analysis of white ProRoot MTA and Diadent BioAggregate. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod. 2010;109:155-8
  • 35.Erdem AP, Sepet E. Mineral trioxide aggregate for obturation of maxillary central incisors with necrotic pulp and open apices. Dent Traumatol. 2008;24:e38-41
  • 36.Park JB, Lee JH.Use of mineral trioxide aggregate in the open apex of a maxillary first premolar. J Oral Sci. 2008;50:355-8.
  • 37.Zhu WH, Pan J, Yong W, Zhao XY, W ang SM. Endodontic treatment with MTA of a mandibular first premolar with open apex: case report. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod. 2008;106:e73-5.
  • 38.Torabinejad M, Chivian N. Clinical applications of mineral trioxide aggregate. J Endod. 1999;25:197-205.
  • 39.Fogel HM. Microleakage of posts used to restore endodontically treated teeth. J Endod. 1995;21:376-9.
  • 40.Rafter M. Apexification: a review. Dent Traumatol. 2005;21:1-8.
  • 41.Mente J, Hage N, Pfefferle T, Koch MJ, Dreyhaupt J, Staehle HJ, Friedman S. Mineral trioxide aggregate apical plugs in teeth with open apical foramina: a retrospective analysis of treatment outcome. J Endod. 2009;35:1354-8.
  • 42.Duarte MA, De Oliveira Demarchi AC, Yamashita JC, Kuga MC, De Campos Fraga S. Arsenic release provided by MTA and Portland cement. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod. 2005;99:648-50.
  • 43.Zhang H, Pappen FG, Haapasalo M. Dentin enhances the antibacterial effect of mineral trioxide aggregate and bioaggregate.J Endod. 2009;35:221-4.
  • 44.Leal F, De-Deus G, Brandão C, Luna AS, Fidel SR, Souza EM. Comparison of the root-end seal provided by bioceramic repair cements and White MTA. Int Endod J. 2011;44:662-8.
  • 45.Pashley DH, Andringa HJ, Derkson GD, Derkson ME, Kalathoor SR. Regional variability in the permeability of human dentine.Arch Oral Biol. 1987;32:519-23.
  • 46.Weldon JK Jr, Pashley DH, Loushine RJ, Weller RN, Kimbrough WF. Sealing ability of mineral trioxide aggregate and superEBA when used as furcation repair materials: a longitudinal study. J Endod 2002;28:467-70
  • 47.Wu MK, Wesselink PR, Boersma J. A 1-year follow-up study on leakage of four root canal sealers at different thicknesses. Int Endod J 1995;28:185-9.
  • 48.Goldman M, Simmonds S, Rush R. The usefulness of dye-penetration studies reexamined. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol. 1989;67:327-32
  • 49. Wu MK, De Gee AJ, Wesselink PR. Fluid transport and dye penetration along root canal fillings. Int Endod J. 1994;27:233-8.
  • 50.Martin RL, Monticelli F, Brackett WW, Loushine RJ, Rockman RA, Ferrari M, Pashley DH, Tay FR. Sealing properties of mineral trioxide aggregate orthograde apical plugs and root fillings in an in vitro apexification model. J Endod. 2007;33:272-5
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Details

Primary Language Turkish
Journal Section Research Article
Authors

Betül Memiş Özgül This is me

Tuğba Bezgin This is me

Cem Şahin This is me

Şaziye Sarı This is me

Publication Date February 1, 2012
Published in Issue Year 2012 Volume: 39 Issue: 1 - Volume: 39 Issue: 1

Cite

Vancouver Memiş Özgül B, Bezgin T, Şahin C, Sarı Ş. Tek seans apeksfikasyon tedavisinde kullanılan bioagregat kalınlığının mikrosızıntı üzerine etkisinin değerlendirilmesi. EADS. 2012;39(1):1-6.