Detailed Analysis of DC Choppers and An Example of PMDC Motor Speed Control

Abstract

DC-DC converters have recently been started to be used frequently in power electronics applications in parallel with the development of semiconductor technology. It is possible to encounter frequently to these converters, which are basically divided into two groups as DC choppers and switching regulators, in transport vehicles, chargers and physically small electronic devices. Also, choppers are one of the effective methods used to control of DC motor. In this paper, a detailed analysis of DC choppers, a type of DC-DC converters, has been performed. Firstly, DC choppers operating in the 1^st, 2^nd, 3^rd and 4^th quadrants have been designed separately. Secondly, a converter model operating in both the 1^st quadrant and the 3^nd quadrant has been designed by combining the 1^st and 3^rd quadrant converters due to the fact that two-quadrants or four-quadrants control can be performed by combining the quadrants. Finally, all of the simulation models have been designed in the Matlab/SIMULINK environment and the current and voltage components of the converters have been measured. Furthermore, an example of DC motor speed control with a chopper having one quadrant have been given as an example to the application areas of the choppers. Consequently, it has been observed that the performance of the chopper fed control techniques is also quite high compared with the DC motor control techniques in the literature.

Keywords

• DC Chopper,PMDC Motor Control,Armature Voltage Control,Pulse Width Modulation (PWM)

References

1. ALTUN H., AYDOĞMUŞ Ö., SÜNTER S., Gerçek Dört – Bölgeli Bir DC Motor Sürücüsünün Modellenmesi ve Tasarımı, Fırat Üniversitesi Fen ve Mühendislik Bilimleri Dergisi, 20(2), 295-303, 2008.
2. ÇOLAK İ., SOYSAL M., IRMAK E., BAYINDIR R., DA Motorun Dört Bölge Denetiminin Eğitim Amaçlı Gerçekleştirilmesi, Politeknik Dergisi, Cilt:10, Sayı:3, s219-227, 2007.
3. RASHID, M. H., Güç Elektroniği Yarıiletken Elemanlar, Devreler ve Uygulamaları, Sunter, S. ve Aydemir, M. T., 4. Basımdan Çeviri, 210-279, 675-709, Nobel Yayın Evi, Ankara, 2015.
4. BODUR H., Güç Elektroniği Temel Analiz ve Sayısal Uygulamalar, 196-208, Birsen Yayın Evi, İstanbul, 2012.
5. NAGARAJAN R., SATHISHKUMAR S., BALASUBRAMANI K., BOOBALAN C., NAVEEN S., SRIDHAR N., Chopper Fed Speed Control of DC Motor Using PI Controller, IOSR Journal of Electrical and Electronics Engineering (IOSR-JEEE), Volume 11, Issue 3, Ver. 1, pp. 65-69, May 2016.
6. DAS K. C., SWAIN S. K., Closed Loop Speed Control of Chopper Fed DC Motor for Industrial Drive Application, International Conference on Power and Embedded Drive Control (ICPEDC), DOI: 10.1109/ICPEDC.2017.8081137, pp. 478-483, March 2017.
7. DEWANGAN A. K., SHARMA D., MISHRA S., PID Controller Based Chopper-Fed DC Motor Drive Using Fuzzy Logic, International Journal of Engineering Research and Application (IJERA), Vol. 2, Issue 3, pp. 1073–1081, May 2012.
8. NAGARAJAN R., SATHISHKUMAR S., DEEPIKA S., KEERTHANA G., KIRUTHIKA J. K., NANDHINI R., Implementation of Chopper Fed Speed Control of Separately Excited DC Motor Using PI Controller, International Journal of Engineering and Computer Science, Volume 6, Issue 3, pp. 20631-20633, March 2017.

9. ANASAARI A., MEHTA H., Four Quadrant Operation of Chopper – Fed Separately Excited DC Motor by Decoupled PWM Control Using Digital Signal Processor, International Journal of Science, Engineering and Technology Research (IJSETR), Volume 4, Issue 5, pp. 1720-1729, May 2015.
10. CORAPSIZ M. R., KAHVECI H., The Speed Control of DC Motor Under the Load Condition Using PI and PID Controllers, American Institute of Physics (AIP) Conference Proceedings, Volume 1833, Issue 1, DOI:10.1063/1.4981764, 2017.
11. PRAKASH R., and VASANTHI R., Speed Control of DC-DC Converter Fed DC Motor using Robust Adaptive Intelligent Controller, Journal of Vibration and Control (JVC), DOI: 10.1177/1077546314521848, 2013.
12. GEORGE M., Speed Control of Separately Excited DC Motor, American Journal of Applied Sciences, 5 (3), pp. 227-233, 2008.
13. BAL G., Doğru Akım Makinaları ve Sürücüleri, 172-189, Seçkin Yayıncılık, Ankara, 2008.