Biocide Use and Its Potential Risks in Aquaculture in Turkey

Year 2017, Volume: 3 Issue: 1, 1 - 5, 30.04.2017

İbrahim Cengızler Necdet Aytac RUHAY Aldık

Abstract

Aquacultural production is a rapidly growing industry in our country, as well as all over the world. It consisted 73.8 million tons fish production of 167.3 worldwide in 2014, as 240.3 thousand tons fish production of 672.2 in Turkey in 2015; resulting ın an increasing impact on sea and fresh water ecosystems.

As the sector expands, there is an increasing use of the disinfectants, chemicals and antifouling products in the production areas. Regulations have been made about these chemicals for the potential risks upon the enviromental and human health. In order to prevent contamination, the directive 98/8 of the European Union has permitted the use of disinfective agents (iodoforms, haloorganic compounds, aldehydes, metal salts, hydrogen peroxide) in caviar, ponds and equipments, while the use of other chemicals has been subjected to special permission. Biocide applications has been found to be more harmful in marine environment. Particularly, biocides as DCOID, chlorothalonil, dichlofluanid, diuren and zineb which are exist in antifouling paints, used for prevention of the equipments in aquacultural production are considered to be highly toxic chemicals.

Three possible risks may be considered about the use of biocides in production,

1. Biocides accumulating in fish and shellfish may contaminate predator and human consumers,

2. Resistance may develop in bacteriae

3. Pollution of natural ecosystem (natural resources of production: river, lake fishery, marine)

Knowing the presence of biocides in water environments and its related risks, and ensuring the safe use of water profile are considered essentially important for protecting aquatic organisms and public health. More scientific research in this issue is needed.

Keywords

aquacultural production, biocide, risk, public health

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